College Chinese and literature knowledge 1. China literature common sense,
(1) Books on literature and history: Four Books: University, Doctrine of the Mean, Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Five Classics: Historical Records, Shangshu, Book of Rites, I Ching, Spring and Autumn, and Four History: Historical Records, Han Shu, Rites, Music, Shooting, Calligraphy, and Mathematics (2) Legends of Dynasties: "Three Generations": One of the legends is "Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong" and "Five Emperors": According to historical records, Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Tang Yao. Zhongyue Songshan Mountain. "Kyushu": an administrative division in ancient legends of China, which later became another name for China. Chixian: The ancients called China "Chixian Shenzhou". Within the sea: In ancient times, it was said that the territory of China was surrounded by the sea. Therefore, it is called the inland of the country. The four seas refer to the world and the whole country. "Liuhe" and "Eight Wastes" all refer to the world. Rivers refer to the "Yangtze River and Yellow River" in ancient articles. The Three Kingdoms refers to the division into Wei, Shu and Wu after the Eastern Han Dynasty. Sanqin refers to the Guanzhong area west of Tongguan. Mountains and rivers are yin and yang. In ancient times, there were mountains and rivers in the south and the sun in the north. Take the north of the mountain and the south of the water as the sun. In ancient times, it was nicknamed Nanjing (Jiankang, Jinling, Jiangning and Baixia) (4) Others: 1. Five elements: gold, wood, water, fire and earth. 2. Grains: the general term for ancient food crops. (that is, millet, millet, wheat and rice) Draw 7. Four gentlemen in flowers: plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum. 8. Three friends of cold age: pine, bamboo and plum. 9. Six Books: pictographic, knowing, referring, figurative, Zhuan Zhu, Borrowing 10. "Sanyuan" in the crowd: the person who won the first place in succession in the provincial examination, general examination and palace examination. That is, public, business, communication, integrity (ambition) and Yu four folk stories. 12. In my ancient pentatonic scale: butterfly lovers, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Legend of White Snake and Meng Jiangnv, 13. Sanlao: an ancient village official in charge of education .5438+. Failing the exam is called "No.15", also called "children's exam". It includes three stages: county examination, government examination and university examination. Only by passing the college exam can you enter the government, state and county to study, so it is also called the entrance exam. Candidates, big or small, are called "sub-exams" 5438+06. Only scholars are eligible to take the exam as juries. The first name is Xie Yuan. The exam (called Chunwei or Li Wei) will be held in the spring of the second year after the provincial examination. The person who takes the exam must be a juren and be called Gong Shi in the exam. The first name is Huiyuan. Court examination: presided over by the emperor, Gong Shi is eligible to take part in the examination, which is called Jinshi. The first place is the champion and the second place is the runner-up. The imperial examination system was abolished. 17. Erya: the earliest monograph on the interpretation of Ci in China and the first systematic dictionary of Ci in the world. 18. "Elegance" refers to the national style in The Book of Songs and Li Sao in The Songs of the South. According to the nature of music, it is divided into three categories: Phoenix, Elegance and Ode. 20. sudden bow: an ancient ritual ceremony, which is one of the "nine worships". Commonly known as kowtow. 2 1. Suffering: an ancient ritual, which is one of the "Nine Worships". 22. Kneeling posture: In ancient times, two knees landed, hunched and upright. Also known as "five drums" or five nights. The first table is 19-2 1, the second table is 2 1-23 and the third table is 23- 1.5-5.25. Four seasons: refers to spring, summer and autumn. Four, five and six are called Xia Meng, midsummer, late summer (three summers), autumn and winter respectively, and so on. 26. Hugh: In ancient times, constellations were called stars. 27. Yuchang Golden Horse refers to imperial academy. 28. Shuo Wen Jie Zi: The most influential ancient dictionary compiled by Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty. 29. "Three." "Nine streams" refers to Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, famous artists, Mohists, strategists, miscellaneous scholars and farmhouse music. In the old days, it refers to various schools of religion or academia, as well as people from all walks of life. "Three religions and nine streams" has a derogatory meaning. 30. There is a saying that you dare not disturb anything important. ""It's Gu Shenji. In ancient times, it was customary to regard the country as a symbol of the country. 32. Overflow: After the minister died, the court gave him a title according to his life story to show good or bad. For example, Fan Zhongyan and posthumous title are both writers. 33. The Four Wonders of Yueyang Tower: Teng Jian Yueyang Tower, Fan Zhongyan and Su Shunqin wrote Yueyang Tower. Shao's seal script was once known as the four musts. (5) Ancient name: 1. Mulberry: Hometown II. Woman: Woman 3. Man four. Hongyan: Xin 5. Country 6. History 7. Evening self-study ④ Others: I am a junior, a junior, an old man, a concubine, an old man, etc. 10. Honorable names: ① Emperor: Long live, Lord, Saint, Son of Heaven, Your Majesty, etc. Son of Heaven: Your Highness: General: Subordinate: The other side or their relatives: Ling, Jing, De and Ren. Order, meaning beauty, is used to address each other. Honorific terms are used to refer to people or things related to the other party, such as respecting the Shang (called the other party's parents), the public, the monarch, the father (called the other party's father), the Tang (called the other party's mother), the Qin (called the other party's relatives) and the driving (called the other party's order).
2. Common sense of Chinese and literature in college entrance examination
1' s belt is getting wider and wider, and he will never regret it, which will make people haggard for Iraq.
-Liu Yong "Wu Fengqi" Volume II "Life and Death and Child Bearing" said. Hold your hand and grow old with your son.
-Anonymous "The Book of Songs" 3 If two feelings are long, it is still in the morning and evening. -Qin Guan's "Magpie Bridge Fairy" 4 When did Acacia meet? At this point, the night is awkward.
-Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 5 There is a kind of beauty that I will never forget. If I don't see it for a day, I will think crazily. -Anonymous "Song of Feng Qiu Qin Huang" 6 This time I left you, it was the wind, the rain and the night; You smiled, I waved, and a lonely road spread to both ends.
-Zheng Chouyu's "Farewell" 7 enters my lovesick door, knowing that I am lovesick, lovesick for a long time, lovesick for a short time. -Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 8 Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever.
-Yuan Zhen's "Five Thoughts" 9 If the road dust is raised and the cement is muddy, when can we meet in harmony? -Cao Zhi's "The Bright Moon on a Tall Building" 10 Sadness and farewell should be the same. The most difficult thing is to sort out the grievances in the middle of the month. -Nalan Xingde's The Mermaid 1 1 Looking back, I don't see each other before marriage.
-Zhang Ji's Festival Woman Song 12 How did you meet me at my most beautiful moment? To this end, I begged the Buddha for 500 years and asked him to let us have a dusty relationship.
-Xi Murong's A Flowering Tree13 ... There is more than one shadow in the world. How can they live together and not die? -Chen Hengke's Portrait of Spring Qi 14 The bottom of the locust tree says that he is lovesick, and Shiro hates Mandy. -Liang Qichao's "Zhi Zhu Ci" 15 is a gentleman, and it is dark in the mirror.
Thinking of a gentleman is like running water, why bother to be poor all the time? -Xu Gan's Missing the Room 16 If we meet, if we don't see each other, how can we feel heartless?
-Sima Guang's "Xijiang Moon" 17 Falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud will protect the flowers. -Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems" 18 days old, love is hard to break.
The heart is like a double screen with a Qian Qian knot in it. -Zhang Xian's Millennium 19 It seems that this star was not last night, and the wind and dew stood in the dark for whom.
-Huang Jingren's "Two Poems of Love" 20 I know that this love will not have any result, but it can soothe my heart! . -Li Shangyin's Untitled Six Songs No.3 1 The belt is getting wider without regret, which makes people haggard for Iraq.
-Liu Yong "Wu Fengqi" Volume II "Life and Death and Child Bearing" said. Hold your hand and grow old with your son.
-Anonymous "The Book of Songs" 3 If two feelings are long, it is still in the morning and evening. -Qin Guan's "Magpie Bridge Fairy" 4 When did Acacia meet? At this point, the night is awkward.
-Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 5 There is a kind of beauty that I will never forget. If I don't see it for a day, I will think crazily. -Anonymous "Song of Feng Qiu Qin Huang" 6 This time I left you, it was the wind, the rain and the night; You smiled, I waved, and a lonely road spread to both ends.
-Zheng Chouyu's "Farewell" 7 enters my lovesick door, knowing that I am lovesick, lovesick for a long time, lovesick for a short time. -Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 8 Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever.
-Yuan Zhen's "Five Thoughts" 9 If the road dust is raised and the cement is muddy, when can we meet in harmony? -Cao Zhi's "The Bright Moon on a Tall Building" 10 Sadness and farewell should be the same. The most difficult thing is to sort out the grievances in the middle of the month. -Nalan Xingde's The Mermaid 1 1 Looking back, I don't see each other before marriage.
-Zhang Ji's Festival Woman Song 12 How did you meet me at my most beautiful moment? To this end, I begged the Buddha for 500 years and asked him to let us have a dusty relationship.
-Xi Murong's A Flowering Tree13 ... There is more than one shadow in the world. How can they live together and not die? -Chen Hengke's Portrait of Spring Qi 14 The bottom of the locust tree says that he is lovesick, and Shiro hates Mandy. -Liang Qichao's "Zhi Zhu Ci" 15 is a gentleman, and it is dark in the mirror.
Thinking of a gentleman is like running water, why bother to be poor all the time? -Xu Gan's Missing the Room 16 If we meet, if we don't see each other, how can we feel heartless?
-Sima Guang's "Xijiang Moon" 17 Falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud will protect the flowers. -Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems" 18 days old, love is hard to break.
The heart is like a double screen with a Qian Qian knot in it. -Zhang Xian's Millennium 19 It seems that this star was not last night, and the wind and dew stood in the dark for whom.
-Huang Jingren's "Two Poems of Love" 20 I know that this love will not have any result, but it can soothe my heart! . -Li Shangyin's Untitled Six Third Songs 2 1 Knowing that love is long, the sound of the river at Wangjiangtou is embarrassing.
-Li Shangyin's "Late Autumn Qujiang Lone Ranger" 22 people used to be sentimental and thin, but now they are really not sentimental. -Nalan Xingde's "Paving Huanxi Sand" 23 And a moment that should last forever has come and gone unconsciously.
-Li Shangyin's "Jinse" 24 Acacia * * * How much, the ends of the earth are not long. -Zhang's "Swallow House" 25 asks what the world is like and teaches life and death.
-Yuan Haowen "Touching Fish Two Songs One" 26 Although I don't have the wings like Cai Feng, I can feel the harmonious heartbeat of Kirin. -Li Shangyin's "Untitled" Twenty-seven beast furnaces sink hookah, green marsh fragments, and write them into the story of Acacia line by line.
-Zhang Kejiu's "Sai Hong Qiu" 28 If you don't miss it all your life, you will miss it, and it will hurt you. -Xu Zaisi's "Gui Gui Ling" 29 One-inch acacia, there is no arrangement in the world.
-Li Guan's recent 30 years of life and death. I don't think about it, I'll never forget it, and I have nowhere to talk. -Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi" 1 The belt is getting wider and wider without regret, which makes people haggard for Iraq.
-Liu Yong "Wu Fengqi" Volume II "Life and Death and Child Bearing" said. Hold your hand and grow old with your son.
-Anonymous "The Book of Songs" 3 If two feelings are long, it is still in the morning and evening. -Qin Guan's "Magpie Bridge Fairy" 4 When did Acacia meet? At this point, the night is awkward.
-Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 5 There is a kind of beauty that I will never forget. If I don't see it for a day, I will think crazily. -Anonymous "Song of Feng Qiu Qin Huang" 6 This time I left you, it was the wind, the rain and the night; You smiled, I waved, and a lonely road spread to both ends.
-Zheng Chouyu's "Farewell" 7 enters my lovesick door, knowing that I am lovesick, lovesick for a long time, lovesick for a short time. -Li Bai's "Three Five Seven Words" 8 Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever.
-Yuan Zhen's "Five Thoughts" 9 If the road dust is raised and the cement is muddy, when can we meet in harmony? -Cao Zhi's "The Bright Moon on a Tall Building" 10 Sadness and farewell should be the same. The most difficult thing is to sort out the grievances in the middle of the month. -Nalan Xingde's The Mermaid 1 1 Looking back, I don't see each other before marriage.
-Zhang Ji's Festival Woman Song 12 How did you meet me at my most beautiful moment? To this end, I begged the Buddha for 500 years and asked him to let us have a dusty relationship.
-Xi Murong's A Flowering Tree13 ... There is more than one shadow in the world. How can they live together and not die? -Chen Hengke's Portrait of Spring Qi 14 The bottom of the locust tree says that he is lovesick, and Shiro hates Mandy. -Liang Qichao's "Zhi Zhu Ci" 15 is a gentleman, and it is dark in the mirror.
Thinking of a gentleman is like running water, why bother to be poor all the time? -Xu Gan's Missing the Room 16 If we meet, if we don't see each other, how can we feel heartless?
-Sima Guang's "Xijiang Moon" 17 fell red.
3. Common sense of China literature
3. In which text do the following words appear? Who is this role?
He said: People who die and become slaves, as long as they firmly remember their own language, are like opening the door of a prison with a key.
Title: the last lesson of the seventh grade next semester: Mr. Hamel
4. The "Four Books" in China's ancient "Four Books and Five Classics" refer to: (The Analects of Confucius), (Mencius), (University) and (The Mean). "Five Classics" refers to: (Book of Songs), (History Book), (Spring and Autumn Period), (Book of Rites) and (Book of Changes).
5. "Four Treasures of the Study" refers to four kinds of stationery: (pen), (ink), (paper) and (inkstone).
14. Three elements of the novel (character), (environment) and (plot).
4. Junior high school Chinese and literature knowledge
At least 0.27 yuan/day, you can open Baidu library members and view all the contents in the library >
Original publisher: Sany composition
Trinity Library () [General Knowledge of Chinese and Literature in Junior High School] Common literary knowledge in life can be made known to the public. The following is a collection of common sense of Chinese and literature in junior high school compiled by me. Welcome to refer to! ▲ A comprehensive book of essential literary knowledge for junior high school Chinese. 1. Commonly used metonymic words: 1, Mulberry: hometown 2, Taoli: student 3, community, Xuanyuan: country 4, Nanguan: prisoner 5, classmate 6, beacon smoke: war 7, woman 8, bamboo: music 9, man. History: Chronicle 13, husband and wife 14, Ding Bai, Buyi people 15, yellow hair: old man 16, mulberry mother: farming 17, support, overlooking: children/kloc. 4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; Graceful lyricist: Li Qingzhao (poetess) 5. Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu. Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu. 6. Qu Yuan: the earliest great poet in China. He initiated the new poetic style of "Chu Ci" and the romantic style of China's poetry. 7. Confucius, named Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the founder of Confucianism, known as "Confucius Sage" and Mencius as "Yasheng", both of whom are called "Confucius and Mencius". 8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting." 9. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the social reality extensively and profoundly, and are called "the history of poetry".
5. Some simple literary knowledge
Common sense of literature 1. The first poetess was Cai Yan (Wen Xi) 2. The first biographical history: Historical Records 3. The first dictionary is Er Ya 4. The first encyclopedia is: Yongle Dadian 5. The first book of poetry is: Book of Songs 6. The first anthology is: the seventh volume of Zhao Ming Anthology. The first dictionary is Shuo. 10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese: Search Ji Shen 1 1. The first recorded book: The Analects of Confucius 12. The first chronicle book is: Chunqiu 13. The first chronicle: Han dynasty 14. The first military history.
Sima Xiangru 16. Yuefu Shuang Bao: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, Yin Jia.
17. The Double Treasure of History: Historical Records as a Mirror 18. Two beats: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu) 19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu 20. The Gemini of China's Modern Literature: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo 2 1. Three immortals Three biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period: Zuo Zhuan Yang Gongzhuan Gu Liangzhuan 24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Shang Tang and Duke Zhou. Sanshan: Penglai abbot Yingzhou 26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 27. Sangong: Zhou, Sima Situ was in the Western Han Dynasty, and the Prime Minister was Tai Wei, an ancient scholar, and Ming. Tai Shi Tai Fu Tai Bao 28. Three Cao Cao: the twenty-ninth Cao Cao and Cao Pi. Third Hospital of Public Security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao 30. Jiangnan Sangu Building: Yueyang Tower, Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower, Hunan 3 1. Three friends in cold years: Song 32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng, Jing 33. Three elements in scientific research: after having obtained the township entrance examination, taking the senior high school entrance examination, palace examination and Zi. Top scholar) 34. The court exam is three ding Jia: the top 35. Three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Chinese Painting. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening (Feng Menglong) 37. Three Confucian Classics: Zhou's Book of Rites 38. Sanzang: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan official 39. Three Farewells: Newly married, don't be old, don't be homeless. Flower 4 1 in Tang Di, Guo Xiang. Mao Dun's trilogy "Erosion": disillusionment shakes the pursuit of the countryside trilogy: the harvest of spring silkworms in autumn and winter is still 42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of Love: Fog, Rain and Electricity Trilogy of Riptide: Home, Spring and Autumn 43. First national history: Mandarin 44. The first album to record the words and deeds of counselors and consultants: National Policy. 46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words) 48. The first monograph on literary criticism: Canon? Thesis (Cao Pi) 49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming 50. The first monograph on literary theory and criticism: Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long in the Southern and Northern Dynasties 5 1. The first monograph on poetic theory and criticism: Zhong Rong's Poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties 52. The first popular science work with notes.
6. Common sense of Chinese and literature in college entrance examination
Yuefu: The so-called Yuefu in the Han Dynasty refers to musical instruments, in which fun is fun and politics is official. This is its original meaning.
But in the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, the poems sung by Yuefu were also called "Yuefu", so the so-called Yuefu changed from the name of organ to a poetic name with music. Talking about capital in Wei and Jin Dynasties: Talking about capital in Wei and Jin Dynasties refers to an academic and social activity conducted by nobles and intellectuals in Wei and Jin Dynasties with life, society and cosmic philosophy as the main content and rhetorical skills as the basic way.
Poetry creation with historical themes as the object of recitation. Most of them have feelings or feelings about specific historical events or historical figures.
Graceful words: Graceful words refer to ci schools represented by writers such as Wen, Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao and Zhou Bangyan. Their expressions and expressions are generally tactful and tactful, giving full play to the characteristics of "attaching importance to feelings". Rhetorical euphemism, soft and greasy expression.
Graceful words are more about children's feelings and parting feelings in material, and express their feelings implicitly in expression, with beautiful style. Jian 'an Style: Jian 'an Style refers to the poems written by Cao Zhi and his son, seven sons of Jian 'an, etc. in the Han and Wei Dynasties, with a handsome and vigorous style.
Features: war, showing the sufferings of people's livelihood; The political ideal of making contributions; The short lament of life; Strong tragic color. Zoroastrianism: Zoroastrianism, also known as ritual education, refers to the ritual and music culture in China's traditional culture, and is also the teaching of the "three cardinal guides and five permanents".
Because it attaches importance to birthright, that is, the famous religion. Neo-Confucianism: Neo-Confucianism is the most important symbol of Song Wenhua.
Neo-Confucianism: Neo-Confucianism is the most important symbol of Song Wenhua. The so-called "Neo-Confucianism" is a new school of Confucian classics in the Northern Song Dynasty. It takes the theory of traditional Confucianism as the basic framework and whether it is beneficial to Confucian classics as the value scale, studies the speculative philosophy of Buddhism and Taoism, absorbs a lot of the achievements of its theoretical thinking, and creates a new Confucian ideological system.
Ju Xiaolian: a form of selecting officials in Chaju Han Dynasty. Chaju means investigation and recommendation, also called recommendation.
Ju Xiaolian: The local governor of Houzhou and the counties and counties inspect and select talents at any time within their jurisdiction, recommend them to the superiors or the central authorities, and appoint official positions after probation and examination. The main themes of Zaju are filial piety, virtuous literature and Cai Mao.
Filial piety is one of the objects of inspection system in Han Dynasty. Filial piety means filial piety and integrity.
In fact, most of the inspections are clan monopoly, touting each other and practicing fraud. At that time, there was a nursery rhyme irony: "Give a scholar, I don't know the book; If you are filial, your father will be separated. " "Filial piety" is a method of discovering and cultivating official candidates in Han Dynasty.
It is stipulated that every 200,000 households will be promoted to a dutiful son every year, and the official position will be appointed by the court. In addition to being knowledgeable and versatile, the cited students also need to be filial to their parents and be honest, so they are called filial piety.
"Filial piety" has been regarded as the subject of selecting officials in the Han Dynasty, and people without "filial piety" cannot be officials. China culture governs the world with filial piety, so it is called filial piety.
In the Qing Dynasty, when I got a juren, I still used the name Lian Xiao Palace, which was inherited from the Han Dynasty. Palace-style poetry: refers to the poetry that originated from the court and described the life of the court as its basic content. The style is usually superficial and frivolous, while the form pursues flowery rhetoric, so it is called "palace style" and later called erotic poetry.
Wu: Wu: Zhang He Zhang Xu Shirong. Poet Fairy: Poet Fairy: Li Bai likes to chant two people, the first is Lv Zhonglian and the second is Sean.
Historical Records is full of love and hate; Second, Historical Records is brilliant in literary talent. Third, the characteristics of Historical Records: First, the characteristics of Historical Records: the civilian perspective; Fourthly, it fills many gaps in the history of ancient Chinese characters in China.
In other words, if there were no historical records, we would not know many great men in the history of the Chinese nation now. Fifth, it is more difficult to integrate the author's criticism of feudal emperors.
Influence of Neo-Confucianism on the Late Feudal Society in China: Influence of Neo-Confucianism on the Late Feudal Society in China: Neo-Confucianism is the most exquisite and complete theoretical system in the Late Feudal Society in China, with far-reaching and enormous influence. 1. The construction of Neo-Confucianism enabled China's rule of rites to be rebuilt after the chaotic fission of Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties.
2. The construction of Neo-Confucianism has changed the route of governing the country in ancient China from "being king from the outside" to "being holy from the inside". 3. The construction of Neo-Confucianism has perfected and realized the ideal personality of the Chinese nation.
Three important styles of China's ancient history books: three important styles of China's ancient history books: chronological style, which records history by year, the most famous of which are Chunqiu and Zuozhuan; The national style records the history according to the country, such as Mandarin and Warring States Policy. Biographical style records history with people as the center, and Historical Records is the first general history of biographical style in China.
How to understand the sentence "When studying heaven and man, we can change from ancient times to modern times and become a family"? How to understand the sentence "When studying heaven and man, we can change from ancient times to modern times and become a family"?
Studying the relationship between man and nature: exploring the relationship between man and nature and exploring the living state of human beings. Changes from ancient times to modern times: through historical development and evolution, find out the reasons for the success or failure of dynasties.
Words of starting a family: By writing such a historical work, I can express some of his unique historical views and some of his social and political thoughts. Among them, Sima Qian saw the decisive role of economy and economic relations in social development.
Admit and openly put forward that it is people's material desire and pursuit of life satisfaction that dominate people's historical activities. Four academies: Four academies: Yuelu Academy, Emperor Ci: Emperor Ci: Li Yu Bailudong Academy, Yingtian Academy and Songyang Academy.
7.20 16 summary of the necessary common sense of the college entrance examination. What are the necessary common sense of the college entrance examination?
1. Author's work:-1. Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong -2. Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, also known as "Liu Han", were advocates of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty.
-3. A father and son: Su Xun (Lao Su), Su Shi (Da Su) and Su Zhe (Xiao Su). -4. Bold poets: Su Shi and Xin Qiji, also known as "Su Xin"; Graceful lyricist: Li Qingzhao (poetess) -5. Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu.
Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu. Qu Yuan: the earliest great poet in China. He initiated the new poetic style of "Chu Ci" and the romantic style of China's poetry.
7. Confucius, named Zhong Ni, was a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. He is the founder of Confucianism, known as "Confucius Sage" and Mencius as "Yasheng", both of whom are called "Confucius and Mencius". -8. Su Shi praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting."
-9. Du Fu was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. His poems reflect the social reality extensively and profoundly, and are called "the history of poetry", so Du Fu is honored as a "poet saint". There are three famous officials: Tongguan officials, Shi Hao officials and Xin 'an officials. "Three Farewells": wedding farewell, farewell to the old and welcome the new, and homelessness. -10. China's first biographical history is Historical Records (also known as Taishi Gongshu), written by Sima Qian in the Han Dynasty, and called by Lu Xun "a historian's swan song, Li Sao has no rhyme", including: 12 biographies, 30 aristocratic families, 70 biographies, etc.
-1 1, Four Histories: Historical Records, Hanshu, Houhanshu, and the History of the Three Kingdoms. -12, four masters of Yuanqu: Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan.
-13, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is the first excellent collection of short stories in classical Chinese in China, written by Pu Songling, a famous novelist in the Qing Dynasty. "Liaozhai" is the name of his library, "Zhi" is a narrative, and "Alien" is a strange thing.
-14. Four great calligraphers: f incarnation)-1 5. The main schools and representatives of Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan, Ou Yangxun and Zhao Meng in the Warring States Period:-1Confucianism: Confucius and Mencius -2 Legalists: Han Feizi -3 Taoists: Zhuangzi and Liezi -4 Mohists. -19, China's first pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming (Tao Qian) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, "Five buckets of rice do not bend over".
-20. Four misers in world literature: Grandet, Shylock, Spencer and Abagong. -2 1, a typical miser in China: Yan Jiansheng.
-Second, the best literature in China:-The earliest collection of poems is The Book of Songs; The earliest patriotic poet was Qu Yuan; -The earliest pastoral poet was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty; -The earliest and most outstanding frontier poets were Gao Shi and Cen Can in the prosperous Tang Dynasty; -The most outstanding bold poet in ancient times was Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty; The most outstanding poetess in ancient times was Li Qingzhao of the Southern Song Dynasty; -The most famous patriotic poet in ancient times was Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty; -The greatest romantic poet in ancient times was Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty; -The greatest realistic poet in ancient times was Du Fu in Tang Dynasty; -The patriotic poet who wrote the most poems in ancient times was Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty; -The most famous novel in ancient times was The Journey to the West in Wu Cheng'en in the Ming Dynasty; -The most famous historical novel in ancient times was Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the early Ming Dynasty; -The earliest novel describing the peasant uprising in ancient times was Shi Naian's Water Margin at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty; -The greatest realistic novel in ancient times was A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin in Qing Dynasty; -The most outstanding long satirical novel in ancient times was The Scholars written by Wu in Qing Dynasty; -The most outstanding collection of short stories in classical Chinese in ancient China is Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty; -The earliest recorded prose in ancient times was The Analects of Confucius; -The earliest historical book recorded in ancient times is Zuo Zhuan; -The earliest biographical history in ancient times is Historical Records; -The most outstanding inscription in ancient times was Liu Yuxi's "Humble Room Inscription" in the Tang Dynasty; -the greatest writer in modern times is Lu Xun; The most outstanding novel in modern times is Midnight by Mao Dun; -The most influential collection of short stories in modern times is Lu Xun's Scream. -three. Poetry and people: —— ① Three visits to diligence and sincere dedication to two generations.
Zhuge Liang (2) But before he could conquer, he died, and the heroes cried on their coats. -Zhuge Liang-(3) A teacher shows his real name, who is better than in a thousand years.
-Zhuge Liang-4 It is known that there are three points in the world. If you still do your best, you will get started. -Zhuge Liang-⑤ Upright and upright, keep upright; You are worried about me and angry, writing the glory of history.
-Sima Qian-⑥ Grinding the needle stone between hops and grasses, leaning on the sword and hanging the bow to help the mulberry. -Li Bai-⑦ There are thousands of ancient poems, and the bones of great writers are your brushes, which are in Tianyuan; Proudly speaking, violet laity is immortal.
-Li Bai-8 Weng went to 800 years, and his hometown was still drunk; Six or seven miles in the mountains, the pavilion is not alone. —— Ouyang Xiu —— Pet-name ruby The iron plate copper pipa follows Dongpo and sings no return to the river. Mei Qin mourns the Southern Song Dynasty and does not fly south with Hongyan.
-Xin Qiji-⑩ The world is gray, and the poet is a saint; Human suffering, pen bottom waves. -Du Fu-You will stand tall and upright, and you will always have a bright heart.
—— Wen Tianxiang —— Deep thoughts hold high white loyalty, and thousands of people hate Taiwan in the gurgling river. -qu yuan-the lakes and mountains are beautiful, and everyone is worried.
—— Fan Zhongyan —— Hundreds of rivers, thousands of waves, rushing together to wash out all the heroes of the ages; Ci Yuan is in full bloom for a thousand years, and a daughter flower is in full bloom. Li Qingzhao hasn't written the translation yet. I was shocked to hear about the meteorite. China, who took the lead in shouting? Mr. Wang has passed away, recalling the past rain, and the literary world has been at a loss since then.
-Lu Xun-* * called Zhu Ziqing: "A man who does not bend over for five buckets of rice." -Lenin praised Gorky: "The most outstanding representative of proletarian art."
-The incarnation of ballet: ulanova. -Guan Hanqing is called "Shakespeare of the East".