Database tutorial directory

Part 1 concept

Chapter 1 Basic concepts of database

Development of 1 1 data management technology

1. 1. 1 manual management stage

1. 1.2 file system stage

1. 1.3 database stage

1. 1.4 advanced database stage

The basic terms of 1 1.5 database

1.2 data description

1 data description in conceptual design. 2. 1

1.2.2 data description in logic design

1.2.3 storage medium hierarchy and data description

1.2.4 data connection description

1.3 level data abstraction

1.3. 1 data abstraction process

1.3.2 conceptual model

1.3.3 logical model

1.3.4 external model

1.3.5 internal model

1.3.6 High data independence

1.4 database management system

1 4. 1 DBMS

The main functions of 1 4.2 database management systems

1.5 database system

1 5. 1 DBS

The global structure of 1 5.2 DBS

The evolution of 1 5.3 Applications

The benefits of 1 5.4 DBS

1 summary. six

Exercise 1

The second part of the relationship article

Chapter II Relational Operation Theory

2. 1 Basic concepts of relational model

2. 1. 1 Basic terms

2. Definition and properties of1.2 relation

2. 1.3 Three types of integrity rules

2. Formal definition and advantages of1.4 relational model

2. 1.5 relational query language and relational operation

2.2 relational algebra

2.2. Five basic operations of1relational algebra

2.2.2 Four Combinational Operations of Relational Algebra

2.2.3 Application example of relational algebra operation

2.2.4 Two Extension Operations of Relational Algebra

*2.3 relational calculus

2.3. 1 tuple relation calculus

2.3.2 Domain Relation Calculus

2.3.3 Equivalence between security constraints and relational operations

*2.4 Relational logic

2.4. 1 Components of relational logic

2.4.2 Transformation from relational algebra to relational logic

2.4.3 Recursive process

2.4.4 The difference between relational logic and relational algebra

2.5 Optimization of relational algebraic expressions

2.5. 1 optimization of relational algebraic expression

2.5.2 Equivalent transformation rules of relational algebraic expressions

2.5.3 Heuristic optimization algorithm for relational algebraic expressions

2.6 Summary

Exercise 2

Chapter 3 SQL language

3. Introduction to1SQL

3. 1. 1 SQL development history

3. 1.2 SQL database architecture

The composition of 3. 1.3 SQL

The characteristics of 3. 1.4 SQL

3.2 data definition of SQL

3.2. 1 SQL schema creation and revocation

3.2.2 Basic data types

3.2.3 Creation, modification and cancellation of basic tables

3.2.4 Creation and revocation of indexes

3.3 SQL data query

3.3. 1 Select the basic structure of the query statement.

3.3.2 using select statement technology

3.3.3 Aggregation function

3.3.4 Complete syntax of select statement

3.4 SQL data query restrictions and regulations

The provisions in 3. 4. 1 SELECT statement

3.4.2 Comparison Operation in Conditional Expressions

3.4.3 Improved the writing of nested queries.

3.4.4 Connection operation of basic tables

* 3.4.5 recursive query in SQL 3

3.5 data update

3.5. 1 data insertion

3.5.2 Data deletion

3.5.3 Data modification

3.6 view

3.6. 1 view creation and revocation

3.6.2 Operation View

3.7 embedded SQL

3.7. Implementation of1embedded SQL

3.7.2 Provisions on the Use of Embedded SQL

3.7.3 Using embedded SQL technology

3.7.4 dynamic SQL statements

3.8 Summary

Exercise 3

Chapter 4 Database Management

4. 1 transaction

4. 1. 1 Definition of transaction

4. 1.2 Acidity of the transaction

4.2 Database recovery

4.2. 1 typical recovery strategy

4.2.2 Fault types and recovery methods

4.2.3 Checkpoint technology

4.2.4 SQL support for transactions

4.3 Concurrency control of database

4.3. 1 Four Problems Caused by Concurrent Operation

4.3.2 Blocking technology

4.3.3 Problems caused by the embargo

4.3.4 Scheduling of Parallel Operations

4.3.5 SQL support for concurrent processing

4.4 the integrity of the database

4.4. 1 integrity subsystem

Integrity constraints in SQL

4.4.3 Constraint deferrability

* 4.4.4 Triggers in SQL 3

4.5 database security

4.5. 1 security issues

Security mechanism in SQL

4.5.3 Common safety measures

4.6 Summary

Exercise 4

The third part designs the article

Chapter 5 Relational Pattern Design Theory

5. 1 Design criteria of relational schema

5. 1. 1 Redundancy and abnormality of relational schema

5. 1.2 Informal design criteria for relational schema

5.2 Functional Dependence

5.2. 1 Definition of functional dependency

Closing of FD

5.2.3 Inference rules of fault diagnosis

5.2.4 Connection between function detection and key codes

5.2.5 Closure of attribute set

5.2.6 Minimum Dependency Set of Fault Diagnosis Set

5.3 Decomposition characteristics of relational patterns

5.3. 1 relational schema decomposition

5.3.2 Nondestructive decomposition

5.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages of pattern decomposition

5.3.4 Test method of nondestructive decomposition

5.3.5 Preserve the decomposition of functional dependencies

5.3.6 Pattern Decomposition and Pattern Equivalence

5.4 paradigm

5.4. 1 first normal form 1NF

5.4.2 second normal form 2NF

5.4.3 Third Paradigm 3NF

5.4.4 BCNF· Boyce -CoddNF

5.4.5 Decomposition algorithm of BCNF pattern set

5.4.6 Synthesis algorithm decomposed into 3NF pattern set

5.4.7 Overview of Pattern Design Methods

5.5 Other Data Dependencies and Examples

5.5. 1 Multivalued Dependencies

5.5.2 Inference rule set about FD and MVD

5.5.3 Fourth Normal Form 4NF

5.5.4 Embedded Multi-valued Dependency

5.5.5 Connection Dependence and the Fifth Normal Form

5.6 Summary

Exercise 5

Chapter VI Database Design Based on er Model

6. 1 database engineering and database system life cycle

6. 1. 1 planning stage

6. 1.2 requirement analysis stage

6. 1.3 conceptual design stage

6. 1.4 logic design stage

6. 1.5 physical design stage

6. 1.6 database implementation

6. Operation and maintenance of1.7 database

6.2 ER model

The basic elements of 6. 2. 1 ER model

6.2.2 Classification of attributes

6.2.3 contact design

6. 2. 4 ER model operation

6.2. Five conceptual design steps of database using ER model

6.3 Transformation from ER Model to Relational Model

6.3. Transformation algorithm from1er graph to relational pattern set

6.3. Two logical design steps using ER model

Example analysis of 6.4 ER model

6.4. 1 ER model and the transformation of inventory management information system

6.4. 2 ER model of personnel management information system

6.4. 3 ER model of hospitalization management information system

6.4. 4 ER model of the company's fleet information system

6.5 enhanced ER model

6.5. 1 weak entity

6.5.2 Subclass entities and superclass entities

6.6 Summary

Exercise 6

Chapter 7 Object-oriented Advanced Conceptual Modeling

7. 1 object-oriented data type system

7.2 Object Contact Diagram

7.2. 1 Components of Object Contact Diagram

7.2.2 Generalization/specialization of data

7.3 UML class diagram

7.3. 1 Overview of Unified Modeling Language UML

7.3.2 Use class diagram to express classes and associations.

7.3.3 Use class diagram to represent related classes.

7.3.4 Use class diagram to express generalization/specialization.

7.3.5 Use class diagram to express aggregation.

7.4 Summary

Exercise 7

Part IV Articles

Chapter 8 Object Relational Database ORDB

8. 1 development of relational model

8. 1. 1 From relational model to post-relational model

8. 1.2 From post-relational model to object-relational model

8.2 ORDB definition language

8.2. 1 Definition of object-relational data model

8.2.2 Definition of data types

8.2.3 Definition of inheritance

8.2.4 Definition of Reference Type

Definition language in SQL 3

8 query language. 3 0RDB

8.3. 1 New provisions on SELECT statement

8.3.2 Nested and Non-nested

8.3.3 Creation and query of compound values

8.3.4 Two Query Techniques in Oracle

8.4 Functions and Procedures

8.4. 1 SQL functions and procedures

8.4.2 external language programs

8.4.3 Construction of Process

8.5 Summary

Exercise 8

Chapter 9 Object-oriented Database

9. Basic concepts of100 DBS

9. 1. 1 ODMG standard

The definition of 9. 1.2 OODBS

The basic concept of 9. 1.3 OODB

9.2 ODMG object model

9.2. 1 Object and Text

9.2.2 interfaces. Classes and inheritance

9.2.3 Class extension. Key codes and factory objects

9.3 ODMGODL

9.4 ODMGOQL

SELECT statement in 9. 4. 1 OQL

9.4.2 Additional format of OQL expression

9.4.3 Distribution and Establishment of Objects in OQL

9 of the binding. 5 C language

9. Comparison between 9.OODB. ORDB and RDB

9.6.1differences between OODB and RDB in conceptual design

9.6.2 Comparison between Object-Oriented Database and ORDB

9.7 Summary

Exercise 9

Part V Distribution of Goods

Chapter 10 Distributed Database

Definition and characteristics of 10. 1 DDBS

10. 1. 1 From centralized, decentralized to distributed

10 definition. 1.2 DDBS

10. 1.3 DDBS

Advantages and disadvantages of 10. 1.4 DDBS

Classification of 10. 1.5 DDBS

10.2 distributed data storage

10.2. 1 data fragmentation

10.2.2 data distribution

The architecture of 10. 3 DDB

10.3. 1 architecture

10.3.2 Distribution transparency

10.4 DDBMS

10. 4. 1 DDBS

10.4.2 Functions of DBMS

10. 4.3 DDBMS

Isomorphism and local autonomy of 10. 4.4 DDBMS

Isomorphism of 10. 4.5 FDBS

The five-layer pattern structure of 10. 4.6 FDBS

10.5 distributed query processing

10 query cost estimation method. 5. 1

10.5.2 Optimization Strategy Based on Semi-connection

10.5.3 optimization method based on connection

Concurrency control and recovery technology in 10. 6 distributed database

Problems in 10. 6. 1 DDB

10.6.2 distributed concurrency control based on data item identification copy

10.6.3 distributed concurrency control based on voting method

10.6.4 distributed recovery

/kloc-0 0 summary. seven

Exercise 10

Chapter 1 1 accesses multiple heterogeneous data sources.

1 1. 1 middleware

The definition of 1 1 1. 1 middleware

1 1. 1.2 Functions of Middleware

1 1.2 ODBC structure

11.2.1odbc concept

The architecture of 1 1 2.2 ODBC

1 1 2.3 ODBC

1 1.3 ODBC interface

The basic process of 1 1 3. 1 ODBC application

1 1.3.2 ODBC handle

1 1.3.3 Connection and disconnection of data sources

Execute 1 1. 3.4 SQL statements

1 1.3.5 Acquisition of query results

The compliance level is 1 1. 4 ODBC

1 1 level 3. 4. 1 API compliance

1 1.4.2 three levels of SQL compliance.

11.4.3 Coordination between ODBC API and SQLCLI

1 1. 4.4 SQLCLI and embedded SQL

1 1.4.5 typical database application system development tools

1 1.5 JDBC structure

1 1 suggestion. 5. 1 JDBC

The basic functions of 1 1 5.2 JDBC

1 1.5.3 JDBC database design method

1 1.5.4 Measures to maintain consistency

1 1.5.5 JDBC driver

1 1.6 JDBCAPI

11.6.1JDBC air pollution index target

1 1 overview. 6.2 JDBCAPI interface

1 1.6.3 JDBC interfaces and classes

1 1.6.4 JDBC database application programming

1 1 summary. seven

Exercise 1 1

Chapter 12 XML technology

12 overview. 1 XML

The birth of 12. 1. 1 XML

12. 1.2 XML document

12. 1.3 document type definition DTD

12. 1.4 XML schema

12.2 XML programming interface

12.2. 1 document object model DOM

12.2.2 Simple application programming interface SAX

12.3 general XML query language XQuery

Basic functions of 12. 3. 1 XQuery

Basic concepts of 12. 3. 2 XQuery

12.3.3 Simple query

12.3.4 Various types of queries

12 summary. four

Exercise 12

Part VI Decision-making Articles

Chapter 13 Data Warehouse

13 overview. 1 DW

13. 1. 1 evolution from database to data warehouse

13. 1.2 DB data and DW data

Definition and characteristics of 13. 1.3 DW

Type of 13. 1.4 DW

Organizational structure of 13. 2 DW

13 data organization structure. 2. 1 DW

13.2.2 granularity and segmentation

13 structure. 2.3 DWS

Operation structure of 13. 2.4 DW

Multidimensional data model stored in 13. 3 DW

13.3. 1 cube

13.3.2 satellite mode

13.3.3 Snowflake mode

13.3.4 fact constellation mode

Data acquisition and management of 13. 4 DW

13. 4. 1 DW

Data management of 13. 4.2 DW

The design and development stage of 13. 5 DW

13.5. 1 DW design principle

13.5.2 DW design steps

The development stage of 13. 5.3 DW

13 summary. six

Exercise 13

14 chapter on-line analytical processing technology

14 overview. 1 OLAP

Definition of 14. 1. 1 OLAP

14. 1.2 OLAP standard

The basic concept of 14. 1.3 OLAP

Comparison between OLAP and OLTP

14.2 OLAP data organization

14.2. 1 MOLAP

14.2.2 ROLAP

14.2.3 HOLAP

14.2.4 OLAP data processing method

Multidimensional data analysis of 14. 3 OLAP

14.3. 1 slicing and dicing

14.3.2 drilling

14.3.3 rotation

14.3.4 OLAP application development example

14.3.5 generalized OLAP operation

Data indexing technology based on 14. 4 OLAP

14.4. 1 bitmap index

14.4.2 link index

14.5 OLAP architecture based on Web

14 summary. six

Exercise 14

Chapter 15 data mining

15 overview. 1 Deutsche Mark

Origin 15. 1. 1 Deutsche Mark

Definition of 15. 1.2 DM

The connection and difference of 15. 1.3 DM and DW

The connection and difference of 15. 1.4 DM and OLAP

15. 2D data mining process

Correlation analysis method of 15. 3 DM

15 analysis method. 3. 1 Deutsche Mark

15.3.2 definition of association rules

15.3.3 Classification of association rules

15.3.4 association rule mining algorithm

15.3.5 Mining Multilayer and Multidimensional Association Rules

15.3.6 method for measuring the value of association rules

Other analytical methods of 15. 4 Deutschmark

15. 4. 1 sequence

15.4.2 classification analysis method

15.4.3 cluster analysis method

The application field of 15. 5 Deutsche mark

15 application industry. 5. 1 Deutsche Mark

15.5.2 commercial data mining tools

15 overview. 6 new decision support system

Structure diagram of 15. 6. 1 new DSS

15.6.2 successful example of new decision support system

15.6.3 comparison between new decision support system and traditional decision support system

15.6.4 Structure diagram of comprehensive decision support system

15 summary. seven

Exercise 15

refer to