Who knows how to identify the stars in the sky?

Everyone corresponds to a constellation according to their birthday, commonly known as the twelve constellations. Wouldn't it be interesting to find your own constellation in the starry sky at night? Many books have introduced what constellations look like. But almost all the data will connect the stars with lines to represent constellations. But there are no lines in the actual sky, which still looks difficult. Before identifying constellations with naked eyes, we must first understand some basic concepts of stars. The stars in the sky are actually stars that shine like our sun. They shine all the time, so we can see it. However, due to the different distance and luminous intensity, some are bright and some are dark, and some are invisible to the naked eye. The stars are too far away from us, so the relative positions between the stars will hardly change. It is precisely because the positions of the stars are relatively unchanged that people can record the positions of the stars. There is a star in the sky called Polaris, because from the earth's observation point of view, it is located in the starry sky in the north all the year round, and its movement range is very small and almost fixed. Only people in the northern hemisphere can see it. Form a certain angle with the ground, 40 in Beijing, 35 in Hangzhou and 30 in Guangzhou. It is very useful to judge the position by the constellation when recognizing with the naked eye. ) In the northern hemisphere, from the earth's observation point of view, all the stars rotate counterclockwise around the Polaris, rotating more than once a day, which is about 36 1. The concept of constellation is not composed of several adjacent stars in the universe. But from the earth's observation point of view, those stars with the highest brightness and similar distance can be associated with one thing at the same time, which are called constellations. So several stars in a constellation are likely to be far apart. Therefore, the concept of constellation mentioned in some TV dramas or games is completely wrong. For example, the definition of constellation in EVE game can only show that the designer lacks astronomical knowledge. There is a well-known "Big Dipper" near the "North Star", as shown below: Point A in the figure is the "North Star", and the CB extension line on the side of the "Big Dipper" just points to the "North Star", in which the distance ratio of AB to BC is 5: 1. The observation time of this map is 0: 00 on New Year's Day 65438+ 10 1, and the orientation is opposite to Polaris, and the Big Dipper is just to the east of Polaris. Polaris is a star in Ursa minor. Finding Polaris is equivalent to finding Ursa minor. The Big Dipper is a group of stars in Ursa Major. Finding the Big Dipper is equivalent to finding the constellation Ursa major. In the northern hemisphere, the constellations above people's heads are generally visible to the naked eye for only six months a year. The twelve constellations are in this position. Let's get down to business. The key to recognizing constellations with naked eyes is to remember the characteristic stars and orientations of constellations. In spring, the most recognizable constellation should be Orion. It is characterized in that four kinds of stars form a quadrilateral with three small stars inclined in the middle. It only appears in the starry sky in the northern hemisphere from June to March. See the following picture: The observation time of this star map is 0: 00 on New Year's Day 65438+1 October1,facing the Polaris, and then looking at the top of the head. White dots are visible stars, and yellow circles are characteristic stars to remember. In the above picture, the yellow circle * * * identifies four constellation features, besides Orion, there are Auriga, Gemini and Taurus. Auriga is also very distinctive, with five stars forming a pentagon. I don't know if you have seen the latest 20 10 Doraemon Theater Mermaid Battle. The five-pointed star Auriga introduced in it is this constellation. Along the extension line of Orion and Auriga, it points to Polaris. Taurus is easy to recognize. Five stars form a triangle. Gemini is more complicated, but if you find Orion, Auriga and Taurus, Gemini will be next to you. Gemini, looking further east, is Cancer and Leo. See the following picture: The observation time of this star map is 0: 00 on February 1 year, and then look at the top of your head when facing the Polaris. Cancer is difficult to identify. Generally, only two stars can be seen with the naked eye. Leo is easy to recognize, and the characteristic star is a "?" Number, the head of the question mark points to "North Star". For the twelve constellations, each constellation has an optimal observation month, that is, at midnight every month, one of the twelve constellations will be directly seen overhead. They are 65438+ 10 Gemini, February Cancer, March Leo, April Virgo, May Libra, June Scorpio, July Sagittarius, August Capricorn, September Aquarius, 65438+ 10 Pisces,165438+. You may wonder why you belong to that constellation and can't see your own constellation in this month of birth. Because when we were born, the constellation was just on the other side of the sun and was blocked by the sun. Even in the next month, we won't see our horoscope during the day. For example, people born on July 7 belong to the constellation Cancer, which is just on the other side of the sun at this time, so we can't see it. We can only wait a few months. The best observation time for cancer is generally February, and the actual observation time is about 1 1 ~5 months. ]