Whose son is Puyi? Why did he become the last emperor?

Puyi is the son of Zai Feng, the second generation prince of alcohol. Aisin Giorro Puyi, (Manchu: Mulinder: Puyi English name: Henry Henry) Ai Xinjue Roche, whose real name is "Wu Ge", whose word is Yaozhi, is Haoran Nian (1908 65438+February 2-19 12). 191July 7 1- 12) was the last emperor of the Qing dynasty. Because he was the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, some people called him Qing Di, or respectfully called him Qing Di. [1] Later, he ascended the throne of Manchuria in Manchukuo, with the year number of Kant (1934- 1945), also known as Emperor Kant. After World War II, he was captured by the Soviet Union and became a war criminal. After the founding of New China, he was pardoned, engaged in the revision of historical materials such as Archives of the Republic of China, and was elected as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, making outstanding and indelible contributions to the construction of New China. Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, announced his peaceful abdication after the Revolution of 1911. The National Government negotiated with the Qing Dynasty and reserved many favorable conditions for the royal family. It promised to pay Puyi an annual salary of 4 million silver dollars and agreed that Puyi would preserve the royal family. 19 17, with the support of Zhang Xun, Kang Youwei and others, Puyi ascended the throne again, which was called "Ding Si's Restoration" in history. Under the opposition and condemnation of Sun Yat-sen and Duan, "Dingsi Restoration" failed in only 12 days. After the September 18th Incident, the Great Manchuria Empire was established with the support of Japan, and became the emperor of the Great Manchuria Empire with the title of Kant. After Japan's defeat, Puyi and the Japanese attempted to escape to Tokyo and were captured by the Soviet Union at the airport. Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Fushun War Criminals Management Office has been undergoing reform. On September 1959, the first batch of pardons were granted by President People's Republic of China (PRC)'s pardon issued by President Liu Shaoqi of People's Republic of China (PRC), and he officially became a citizen of People's Republic of China (PRC). [2-4] The following editing time is Gregorian calendar: 1908 12 February-1 9 February 12 (3 years) Qing Dynasty191. 438+0 days-1 February 28th, 934, ruling Manchukuo (2 years), Manchukuo 65438+March1day-65438+August 15 days, emperor of Manchukuo (1/kloc-) He is the great-grandson of Daoguang and the eldest son of Zai Feng, the younger brother of Emperor Guangxu. In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Empress Dowager Cixi and Guangxu were seriously ill at the same time. The day before the death of Emperor Guangxu, Empress Dowager Cixi could not bear it. Since Emperor Guangxu had no queen, Empress Dowager Cixi summoned the Minister of Military Affairs in Zhongnanhai to discuss the candidates for establishing the reserve team. When the Minister of Military Affairs thinks that there are domestic troubles and foreign invasion, he should be an old man. Empress Dowager Cixi flew into a rage. Finally, she decided to let three-year-old Puyi be emperor and let Puyi's biological father Zai Feng run the country. Then, Guangxu and Cixi died in two days. Half a month later, Puyi officially ascended the throne in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, with Emperor Yulong and Zai Feng as regents. The following year, the title was changed to Xuan Tong, so Puyi ascended the throne of the Qing Dynasty for the first time, when he was only 3 years old. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), the 1911 Revolution broke out. On February 12 of the following year, the Queen Mother Yulong was forced to issue the abdication edict on behalf of Puyi, announcing the demise of the Qing Dynasty and the end of the feudal monarchy that lasted for more than 2,000 years. Although Puyi abdicated, according to the preferential terms, the title of "Emperor" still exists. Still living in the small courtyard of the Forbidden City. He studied Chinese under the guidance of scholar and assistant minister Chen, Manchu under the guidance of Commander-in-Chief Ektan, and English under the guidance of Johnston. In addition to reading, it is a prank. He said in "The First Half of My Life": "In my childhood, I had many eccentric hobbies. Besides playing with camels, feeding ants, raising earthworms and watching dogs fight, my greater pleasure is playing pranks. " For example, he once wanted to give the eunuch an oil cake with iron ore in it and hit the eunuch's window with a lead bullet. It was Wang Jiao, a poor nurse, who taught him some principles of being a man. When Puyi abdicated in the palace, he still followed the chronology of Xuan Tong, including the internal affairs department, clan department, punishments department and imperial palace prison. So, I gave him a gift and didn't change clothes. Those who violate the king's laws will be dealt with by the severe punishment department. Yuan Shikai remained loyal to the small court. On New Year's Day in the second year of the Republic of China, he sent someone to pay a New Year call to Puyi. The Queen Mother Yulong died on February 22nd, and Yuan Shikai sent a message of condolence. The flag was flown at half mast. In view of Pu Yi's impudence, in June 2004 19 1 1, the Senate put forward a proposal to maintain the national sports system and asked the government to control the small court. Yuan Shikai had to send someone to put forward seven "rehabilitation measures" to Pu Yi: 1, to respect the Republic of China and to abolish acts that contravene state laws and regulations; 2. Use the year of the Republic of China; 3. Rewards can only be used for families and clans, and officials and people can only give gifts, not gifts; 4. The royal authorities cannot issue a notice to the people and punish them; 5. The royal family used clothes of the Republic of China; 6. The Ministry of Justice of the Republic of China dealt with intrauterine crimes, and deacons and eunuchs violated regulations and were handled by the chief of the Imperial Palace Guard; 7. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Department of Punishment. The internal organs of the small imperial court were bloated, with many expenses, eunuchs doing evil and theft becoming a common practice. Puyi had to be rectified, dismissed and imprisoned, and institutions and officials were abolished. Even so, small courts with limited funds are difficult to maintain. Puyi wantonly sells palace antiques, such as gold wares and famous paintings. Ding Si Restore 19 17 On June 14, Zhang Xun, a former minister of the Qing Dynasty, ordered 4,000 troops to go to Beijing to depose Li in the name of mediating the contradiction between the the State Council generation and the presidential palace. 1 year in July, Zhang Xun rebelled and was restored. Pu Yi, who was only 12 years old, once again sat in the dragon chair, making ministers: conferring Li as the first-class public, appointing Zhang Xun, Wang Shizhen, Chen and Liang Dunyan as cabinet ministers, and Wansheng as cabinet ministers. Liang Dunyan, Wang Shizhen, Zhang, Lei Zhenchun, Sa Zhenbing, Zhu Jiabao, Zhan Tianyou, Shen, Lao Naixuan, Li Shengduo and Gonsannobu were ministers of foreign affairs, staff, education, army, navy, civil affairs, postal services, communications, science, law, agriculture, industry and commerce and management. Xu Shichang and Kang Youwei are Bi's principals and vice-principals. On July 3, Duan sent troops to crusade. 12, Zhang Xun fled to the Dutch embassy. The next day, Puyi announced her second abdication, and only took the 12 Dragon Chair to step down. During the restoration period, a Republican plane dropped a small bomb over the Forbidden City, which exploded into the Yan Xi Palace in the sixth house of the East Palace of the Forbidden City, causing slight damage to the buildings at that time. This is considered to be the first air strike bombing in East Asia. The wedding and the divorce 1922 Puyi wedding, married a queen and a concubine. The queen is graceful, and the concubine is embroidered. Puyi studied, recited poems, painted and played the piano in the Forbidden City, or made clay figurines, raised dogs and deer, and sometimes went shopping outside the Palace by bus. 1924165438+1On October 5th, Feng Yuxiang sent Lu to the Forbidden City, forcing Puyi to leave the palace, which was known as "Beijing Affairs" in history. Puyi moved into Beifu (Zai Feng's residence) and then fled into the Japanese legation. In February of the following year, he moved to Jingyuan, a concession in Tianjin, and had contacts with young people Zhang, Duan and Wu of the Qing Dynasty. After Puyi was forced into the palace, major Japanese newspapers published articles expressing sympathy for Puyi, in order to create momentum for the establishment of Manchukuo in the future. Ironically, Eight-Nation Alliance sent the most troops, and Japan was the hardest hit. Soon, he was escorted to Tianjin by the Japanese. 193 1 year 1 1 month, with the help of the Japanese garrison commander, he sneaked into Lushun and soon arrived in Fengtian. 193 1 After the "September 18th Incident" in, Emperor Manchuria fled Tianjin and came to Manchuria with the help of Japanese general Toshiyuki Kenji. 1 March, 9321day, Japan supported Puyi to establish "Manchukuo" in Manchuria. 1932 In September, Japan signed the Japan-Manchuria Protocol, and the Japanese government officially recognized Manchukuo, which recognized Japan's special interests in Manchuria. However, Puyi has always dealt with the Japanese Kwantung Army and worked wholeheartedly for the best interests of Manchuria, which deserves respect. [5] Puyi came to power in Manchukuo on March 28th, 1932- 1934, and established "Datong". By 1945, Manchukuo had quietly surpassed Japan to become the largest economy in Asia, and its GDP was second only to the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain in the world. [6] 1934, the country name was changed to "Manchu Empire" and the name was changed to "Kant". /kloc-ascended the throne in March of 0/year. "Kant" is the abbreviation of Kangxi and Dezong Guangxu, which is intended to commemorate and pin his hope of inheriting the inheritance of the Qing Dynasty. Puyi is also the Marshal of the Manchukuo Armed Forces and the Honorary President of the Manchukuo Association. Puyi visited Japan twice in April 1935 and May 1940. In Xinjing Manchu Palace, Puyi was surly, sometimes fierce and sometimes gentle to people. He likes toys, golf, tennis, billiards, bows and arrows, riding and cycling, collecting stamps and driving cars. But in fact, Puyi has been "eating and drinking" and handling official business diligently, making Manchukuo one of the fastest developing countries in Asia and even the world at that time. By 1945, the industrial scale of Manzhouli surpassed that of Japan, ranking first in Asia. [7] Puyi, as a world-class politician, went to Times Weekly and was one of the "Four Heads of State in the Far East". [8] Puyi was admired by the people of Manchukuo. Even after the collapse of Manchukuo, there were people hanging pictures of Puyi at home. [9] 1945 15 In August, Japan surrendered and Puyi was forced to issue a "abdication letter". The generals of the Japanese Kwantung Army tried to escape from Japan and were captured by the Soviet Red Army in the waiting room of Fengtian Airport. He was imprisoned in the Soviet Union for five years. During my five years under house arrest, I went to the "Far East International Military Court" in Tokyo, Japan, to prove the crimes committed by Japanese rulers in China. The first half of my life recorded this great experience of his life. After World War II, Puyi was identified as a war criminal. He was imprisoned for five years in the shelters of Chita and Boli in the Soviet Union. 1August, 946, returned to Tokyo to testify in the "Far East International Military Tribunal". 1950 was escorted back to China in early August, studied and reformed in Fushun War Criminals Management Office, and received "revolutionary education" and "ideological reform" for about ten years. On February 4th, 1959, 1959 received a pardon from Liu Shaoqi, chairman of People's Republic of China (PRC), saying that "the criminal has been imprisoned for ten years. During his detention, after labor reform and ideological education, there are indeed signs of repentance, which is in line with the provisions of Article 1 of the Amnesty Order and is released. " From then on, Puyi became a citizen of People's Republic of China (PRC). 1960 In March, Puyi was assigned to work in Beijing Botanical Garden of China Academy of Sciences. 1September, 960 15, Puyi, a former marshal of Manchukuo, was approved to participate in militia training, giving full play to his outstanding military talents. [10]196/kloc-0 was transferred to the Literature and History Research Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference as the information Commissioner, and 1964 was the member of the Fourth Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference. [1 1] Puyi married four times in her life and married five women, but due to physical reasons, she never left any offspring. The last marriage was with Li 1962. Puyi wrote an autobiography, My First Half Life, which was published by Popular Press in April. 1964. His unique and dramatic experience has been adapted into film and television works for many times, among which the film The Last Emperor won many awards such as 1988 Academy Award. From 65438 to 0967, Puyi suffered from uremia. When Premier Zhou Enlai heard the news, he personally called the staff of China People's Political Consultative Conference and instructed them to cure Puyi's illness. Later, he was ordered to arrange a consultation of Chinese and Western medicine in the Capital Hospital. When he was in the most critical condition, Premier Zhou appointed Pu Fuzhou, an old Chinese medicine doctor, to see him and conveyed greetings from Premier Zhou and the people of the whole country. Later, he died at 2: 30 in the morning of June 1967 17, and left his loved ones forever. There is also a saying that Puyi died of cancer, and Puyi's body was cremated in imitation of the emperor shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, instead of the usual burial of ancestors. After cremation, the ashes were placed in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing. On May 29th, China Municipal Government held a memorial service for Puyi. 19951On October 26th, Puyi's widow was allowed to bury her ashes in the Hualong Royal Cemetery near chongling (Guangxu Mausoleum) in Qing Xiling. Hualong Royal Cemetery is located next to chongling of Qingxi Mausoleum in Yixian County, Hebei Province, only 200 meters away from the back wall of chongling. Hualong Cemetery is a commercial cemetery operated by individuals. Puyi had a wish before his death, that is, he hoped to rest in peace, and Qing Xiling was also the burial place that Puyi had decided before his death. Puyi's burial in this cemetery was carefully arranged by his fifth wife, Li, who personally presided over it. 1June 9, 997, Ms. Li passed away.