1, suitable temperature: provide suitable temperature according to the size of pigs, such as 1-3-day-old piglets, the appropriate temperat
1, suitable temperature: provide suitable temperature according to the size of pigs, such as 1-3-day-old piglets, the appropriate temperature is 30-32℃, and the appropriate temperature for adult pigs is 15-22℃. 2. Appropriate humidity: when the air relative humidity is 65-75%, it is generally suitable for boars, sows and piglets, and when the relative humidity is 75-80%, it is generally suitable for fattening pigs. It should be noted that in the case of heating equipment, it can be appropriately reduced by 5-8%. 3. Fresh air: The air volume is generally 0. 1-0.2m/s, and harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methane are not suitable.
First, the living environment of pigs.
1, suitable temperature
(1) Generally, it is necessary to provide suitable temperature according to the size of pigs. For example, when piglets 1-3 days old, the temperature is generally 30-32℃, when piglets are 4-7 days old, the temperature is generally 28-30℃, and when piglets 15-30 days old, the temperature is generally 22-22℃.
(2) The suitable temperature for adult pigs is 15-22℃. Too high a temperature can easily lead to heatstroke, and too low a temperature can easily lead to colds and illness.
2. Proper humidity
(1) The air relative humidity suitable for boars, sows and piglets is generally 65-75%, and the air relative humidity suitable for fattening pigs is generally 75-80%. If there is heating equipment, it can be appropriately reduced by 5-8%.
(2) When the humidity is high, it is generally easy to weaken the resistance of pigs, increase the incidence rate, and easily get skin diseases and respiratory diseases such as scabies and eczema, which is not conducive to the growth of pigs. The method to test whether the humidity in the shed is suitable is generally to use a hygrometer.
Step 3: Fresh air
Fresh air is generally needed in pigsty. This is because when pigs breathe and excrete (excrement usually decomposes), it is usually easy to reduce oxygen in the air, increase carbon dioxide content, and produce harmful gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and methane. If pigs live in an environment with poor air quality for a long time, it is easy to cause various diseases, so ventilation should be done well.
(2) At the same time, there needs to be some air circulation in the pigsty. The flow rate and speed of air flow will generally affect the survival and production of pigs. For example, if the air flow is too large in winter, it will easily aggravate the threat of cold to pigs, increase energy consumption and reduce their productivity. Therefore, to ensure proper air flow, the air flow is generally 0.1-0.2m/s.
Second, how to build a pigsty
1, location of the building
(1) In general, the pigsty can be built in a place where water resources are sufficient, the terrain is high and dry, the terrain is flat and slightly gentle, the leeward is sunny, the groundwater is below 2m, and there is no pollution.
(2) The pigsty is generally 8-20m in length and 4-6m in width. The direction is generally appropriate to sit north to south, and pigsty is also needed. The area of each pigsty is generally about 25m2. It should be noted that in order to facilitate management, iron railings can usually be used to separate each pigsty.
2. Requirements for the ground
(1) Because the ground is where pigs often move, they will walk, lie down and feed on the ground. If the texture is poor, it may affect its life. Therefore, the ground of the pigsty needs to be flat, non-slip, firm, waterproof and good in thermal insulation.
(2) In general, the surface layer of the ground is mostly coarse cement, and a layer of materials with relatively large pores (such as furnace ash and slag, coarse sand and gravel) can be laid under the ground with a thickness of 15-30cm, in order to improve the thermal insulation performance of the ground. It should be noted that the ground of pigsty generally needs to have a certain slope, and its purpose is to facilitate sewage discharge, prevent sewage from piling up together and increase the humidity of pigsty.
3. Requirements for windows
(1) In a pigsty, it is generally necessary to have windows of appropriate size and quantity. Too small or too few windows are not conducive to ventilation.
(2) The materials used to build the windows of the pigsty should usually have the properties of heat insulation and ventilation, so as to ensure the proper temperature of the pigsty and provide fresh air for the pigsty.
4, the requirements of the manure treatment pool
(1) Pigs usually excrete feces and urine during their growth. If not treated in time, feces and urine can easily pollute the pigsty and increase the probability of disease.
(2) Therefore, in order to reduce the probability of this situation, it is generally necessary to build a dung ditch in the pigsty and build a special dung treatment pool, which can not only discharge feces and urine in time, but also utilize waste.
5. Tools for pigs
(1) In order to ensure that pigs can eat and drink in time, it is necessary to provide them with special tanks and water tanks, and it is generally not recommended to mix them. Moreover, during the construction, the tank and water tank should be built on both sides of the pigsty respectively, which is beneficial to the subsequent management.
(2) In order to ensure the cleanliness of food and drinking water, wash and disinfect the sink and sink in time on weekdays.
6. Build pigsty for different purposes as required.
(1) Because it is easy to bully the small by the big in the herd, various pigs have different requirements for feed and other things. In order to ensure the quality of breeding, it is suggested to build various pig houses, such as male pig houses, sow houses, piglet houses and fattening pig houses, respectively, according to the gender and use of pigs, and determine the structure of pig houses according to the needs of pigs.
(2) In a male pigsty, it is generally necessary to build the fence higher and the fence stronger.
(3) In the sow house, it should generally have good sound insulation effect, and it should also have the performance of no water accumulation and no skid. This is because sows are prone to stress reaction after being frightened, which easily affects pregnancy.
(4) In piglet houses, it is generally necessary to have good cold-proof and warm-keeping performance, because they are generally weak at birth, and if the heat preservation is too poor, they are prone to get sick after catching cold.
(5) In the fattening pig house, it is generally not advisable to have strong light, because when the light is too strong, it will generally affect their rest, which is usually not conducive to fattening. In addition, there must be a suitable temperature. The suitable fattening temperature for pigs is generally 20-30℃, and the suitable growth temperature is generally 20-25℃ before 50 kg and when the weight is 50-90 kg.