We can divide different meanings into two categories: pronoun and adverb.
1. When "how" means "why" and "how", it is an interrogative pronoun used to ask about the purpose, reason, way and method.
Such as "why don't you talk?" "Why not go home?" Classical Chinese can be expressed as: "Don't talk?" Hu Bugui? '
Such as "how to answer?" Classical Chinese can be expressed as: "Why is it right?"
2. When "how" means questioning and rhetorical questions, it belongs to the nature of interrogative adverbs.
For example, "How can you despise me?" "How can you say that?" Classical Chinese can be expressed as: "How dare you despise me?" "What are you talking about?"
In short, there is no absolute one-to-one correspondence between words in classical Chinese and modern Chinese. After mastering the function words in classical Chinese, we can determine the expression according to the context.
2. how to express "how can" in classical Chinese means:' how do you say this?
1. Special sentence patterns in classical Chinese summarize special sentence patterns in classical Chinese, which generally refer to some special sentence patterns in classical Chinese that are different from modern Chinese expression habits, mainly including: judgment sentences, passive sentences, ellipsis sentences, inversion sentences, etc. Let's illustrate it with examples according to the classical Chinese we have learned. I didn't know there were Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. (Peach Blossom Garden) I'm not the same as a soldier. The sentences "yes" and "no" are synonyms of the judgment words "yes" and "no" in modern Chinese. However, this usage is not common. Classical Chinese often uses other words or structures to express judgments. (1) Use other judgment words to express judgment. For example, this is my sin. (Gou Jian annihilates Wu) Translation: This is my sin. The word "then" in the sentence is translated into "yes", which is equivalent to the judgment word in modern Chinese. In addition, there are "namely" and "nai". This is the autumn when I serve my life. This is my dying autumn. (3) Liang Jiang Xiang Yan. I want to put on my clothes. I will be like a fish, and I will be like a bear's paw. 2.(2) I will use "... My wife thinks I am beautiful because she loves me in private. The meaning of the word "yes" in the sentence is expressed through the structure of "Changle Wang's father, Yu's father and An Shangchun's father". ("You Bao Chan") uses the table "The world is cold. (Battle of Red Cliffs) 3. Second, the so-called passive sentence means that the relationship between the subject and the predicate is passive, that is, the subject is the passive and patient of the behavior expressed by the predicate verb, not the active and implementer. Such sentences are called passive sentences. In modern Chinese, "Bei" is often used to express passive relationship, and it also exists in classical Chinese, but it is rare. Can loyalty be vilified by others without resentment? In classical Chinese, passive sentences often use "... for ..." and "... see ... and their corresponding variant structures. For example: (1) "... for ..." (The giant) is in a distant county and will be merged. (If Battle of Red Cliffs belongs to all, he will be captured. ("Hongmen Banquet") 2 "People-oriented, self-oriented". (Battle of Red Cliffs) (3) Passive sentences that omit passive signs, such as: Wang, too many. (Zou Ji satirizes Chabr, King of Qi) Translated as: Your Majesty, you have been cheated, which is very serious. The people of Jingzhou are attached to Cao Cao, which is forced by the military situation. (Battle of Red Cliffs) Translated: Jingzhou people are attached to Cao Cao. (Zou Ji) The guest asked said ... ("Zou Ji satirizes Chabr, King of Qi") The wild snakes in Yongzhou are black and white ... ("Snake Catcher") (2) The predicate is omitted, which makes the husband fight bravely. The momentum is high, and then (drums) fail, and three (drums) are exhausted ... Lin Xiangru) is Shangqing. (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) (4) Omission of prepositional objects This person has heard about it one by one. ("Peach Blossom Garden") (5) The preposition omits that the general is playing (in) Hebei and the minister is playing (in) Henan. Fourth, some sentences in classical Chinese are called inverted sentences. Its inversion phenomenon mainly includes: subject-predicate inversion, preposition object, attributive postposition, adverbial postposition and so on. (1) verb inversion sometimes put the predicate before the subject in order to emphasize the predicate. This is only because of the need of language expression. For example, it's too much for you! (Yu Gong Yi Shan) Hey! If Yanzi's family is poor! (Yan Zi Chun Qiu) 2 Preposition Object In modern Chinese, the object is often located behind the predicate as the object of the predicate. In classical Chinese, under certain conditions, the object is often mentioned before the predicate, which shows the phenomenon of preposition object. Generally speaking, there are two special cases: the prepositional object phenomenon in negative sentences, and when the predicate part is modified by negative adverbs, the object carried by the predicate usually comes first. For example, I care about Mo. (Shuo) "Mo I care" should be understood as "Mo Ken cares about me". Such negative adverbs generally include "nothing", "nothing", "nothing" and "nothing". Another example: ancient people did not bully others. (Su Shi's Shi Zhongshan Collection)
3. "I immediately decided" how to express my decision in classical Chinese?
Classical Chinese is a written language based on ancient Chinese. The earliest written language based on spoken language may have been processed. Classical Chinese is an article composed of written language in ancient China, mainly including written language based on spoken language in pre-Qin period. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, no articles were invented to record characters, but bamboo slips, silk books and other things were used to record characters, while silk books were expensive, bamboo slips were huge and the number of words recorded was limited. In order to record more things on a roll of bamboo slips, unimportant words were deleted.
2. Later, when "paper" was used on a large scale, the habit of using "official documents" between the ruling classes had been finalized, and the ability to use "classical Chinese" had evolved into a symbol of reading and literacy. Classical Chinese comes from vernacular Chinese, characterized by writing based on words, paying attention to the use of allusions, parallel prose, neat rhythm and no punctuation, including strategies, poems, words, songs, stereotyped writing, parallel prose and ancient prose. The classical Chinese in modern books are generally marked with punctuation marks in order to facilitate reading and understanding.
The first word "Wen" means beauty. The word "Yan" means writing, expressing and recording. The word "classical Chinese" means written language. Classical Chinese is relative to spoken Chinese, which is also called vernacular Chinese. The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , and represents the genre.
4. "Classical Chinese" means "beautiful language articles", also called stylistic writing. And "vernacular" means: "articles written in ordinary and plain oral language", such as "have you eaten?" .
In ancient China, it was different to express the same thing in "spoken language" (written language). For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, you can express it in spoken English. Did you eat? And expressed in written language, it is "rice?" . "Fanbu" is classical Chinese. Here, the noun "Fanbu" is used as a verb, which means to eat.
4. How do newcomers express themselves in classical Chinese? You can use the word Jin Xin.
(1). It refers to a new occupation, a new degree or a new appointment. Zhao Hanguang's Han Biography: "Those who live in the world and make good use of the descendants of the world are new and young, committed to being strong and arrogant, and have no taboos when they see things." Yan Shigu's Note: "On the descendants of old collectors, they are still young." Tang Hanyu's Epitaph of Mr. Shi: "Therefore, I am a wise scholar-bureaucrat and a scholar-scholar. I am a freshman. When I heard of Mr. Shi's death, I cried and hanged myself, and I returned to clothes and goods." Julia Mingfeng's Miscellaneous Notes on the West of the Bridge: "Everyone at the same table refuses the wedding ceremony." Liang Qichao's "To respect the people of China and the well-known gentlemen of the whole country by the time limit of Congress": "* * When the dynasty is easy to be humiliated, it is called the new progress of the youth, and what it represents may not be the real public opinion."
(2). It refers to new people. "Wen Xin Diao Long Tong Bian" quoted Han Huan Tan as saying: "Welcome a new literary stand, beautiful but not beautiful; And when you see Liu Yang's words, you will often gain something. " How did Song Chenliang's Wang Jue say? : "Emperor Taizong has the heart to favor the heroes of the world and do new things." Yao Xiguang's "A Brief History of Eastern Military Affairs: Sino-Japanese War" in the Qing Dynasty: "North Korea began to accept ambassadors, and the country made new progress and had a little diplomacy." Chen Shaobai's History of the Hui Revolution in Zhong Xing, Volume 5: "Kang Youwei has made general progress since Party B did not contact in Beijing. After the so-called bus letter, his fame has gradually increased. "
5. How to open a library member with a minimum of 0.27 yuan in classical Chinese, and check the complete content > Original Publisher: * * * How to say Yata's classical Chinese Part I: How to say that his first person in classical Chinese is also called "claiming". It is often used as "I, I, Yu, Yu", and the emperor uses the special names "I" and "Lonely". It can usually be translated into "I", "we" and "ours". He even said, "I forgot to measure me." Use "I" instead of "I" as the subject at the beginning of the sentence. I know my son is so far away from me that I didn't say anything. Lost-I knew what you would do to me, but I didn't say anything. "I" is used at the end of the sentence, not the speaker as the object. The more I listen, the sadder I feel. As the subject. 4. Yu's Baling is the scenic spot of Dongting Lake. "Yueyang Tower"-I saw the beautiful scenery of Baling, all concentrated in Dongting Lake. The word "Yu" is used at the beginning of the sentence instead of "I" as the subject. 5. I am the son of heaven. How can I speak? -I am the king of a country, can I go back on my word? "I" is what the emperor calls "I". 6. There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. I have Kong Ming, just like fish has water. At the beginning of the sentence, the word "solitary" is used instead of Liu Bei as the subject. The second person said: Also called symmetry, it is often used as "Er, Ru, female, if, if". Oil man-how dare you despise my archery! The word "er" is used at the beginning of the sentence to refer to the old man who sells oil, and it is translated into "you" as the subject. 8. Your mind is solid and impenetrable. "One Mountain in Gong Yu"-Your thoughts are stubborn and cannot be changed. The word "you" is used at the beginning of the sentence, which means "knowing what to do" and is translated as "you". Ten Analects of Confucius-Confucius said, "Zhong You, have you understood everything I taught you? .