Li Zhi, Tang Gaozong (July 21, 628-December 27, 683), nicknamed pheasant slave, was the third emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the ninth son and third son of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and his mother, Empress Wende.
Li Zhi was born in June of the second year of Zhenguan (628) in the Lizheng Hall of the East Palace. In the fifth year of Zhenguan (631), he was made King of Jin. Later, because the eldest son of Emperor Taizong, Prince Li Chenggan, and his fourth son, Wang Wei Lee Tae, were successively abolished, he was made Crown Prince in the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643). In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), Emperor Taizong died, and Prince Li Zhi ascended the throne for Tang Gaozong.
at the beginning of his accession to the throne, Tang Gaozong continued to implement various political and economic systems formulated by Taizong, with Li Ji, Changsun Wuji and Chu Suiliang as assistants. Because he is diligent in political affairs, so "the people are blessed with a legacy of chastity"? History is called "the rule of eternal emblem". Emperor Gaozong still insisted on his own opinion on the abolition of the queen, excluding the interference of the Yuanlaopai.
Five years after the reign of Emperor Qing (66), Emperor Gaozong was often dizzy, which affected the handling of government affairs. Empress Wu took the opportunity to participate in state affairs. The health of Emperor Gaozong was poor, and the trend of political power transfer from Emperor Gaozong to Wu Zetian gradually formed. During Tang Gaozong's reign, he destroyed Western Turkistan (657), Baekje (66) and Koguryo (668) successively.
during the reign of emperor gaozong, the territory of the Tang dynasty was the largest, starting from the Korean peninsula in the east, bordering the Aral sea in the west, covering Lake Baikal in the north and Hengshan in Vietnam in the south, which lasted for 32 years.
In the thirty-fourth year of his reign, he died in Zhenguan Hall of Ziwei Palace in the first year of Hongdao (683). At the age of 55, he was buried in Ganling, with the temple name Gaozong, the Emperor of posthumous title.
Life
Tang Gaozong Li Zhi was born in Chang 'an on June 15th, the second year of Zhenguan (July 21st, 628), the ninth son of Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and his mother was Changsun Shi, the queen of Wende. Li Zhi, the eldest son of Emperor Taizong, Prince Li Chenggan, and the second son of Emperor Taizong, Wang Wei Lee Tae, were born to their eldest grandson. In the fifth year of Zhenguan (631), Li Zhi was named "King of Jin" and was famous for his benevolence and filial piety when he was young.
In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Li Chenggan was abolished, and Lee Tae was exiled for his crimes. In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan (January 645), Li Zhi was made a prince. In the 23rd year of Zhenguan (649), he ascended the throne in July, at the age of 22.
In the thirty-fourth year of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi's reign, on December 27th, the first year of Hongdao (January 19th, 683), Tang Gaozong Li Zhi died in Zhenguan Hall of Ziwei Palace in Luoyang, at the age of 55, and was buried in Tang Ganling (now Liangshan, Ganxian County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province). After Wu Hou, he was ordered to be the king of Jin and Sujie, and the second princess of Yiyang and Xuancheng listened to the mourning, and posthumous title was the emperor.
Character and talent
Li Zhi has a sharp eyebrows and eyes, a long nose, a mouth that can swallow the sun, and a moustache, which is thick to the chest. He was handsome and tall, and had the appearance of an emperor. He was kind, low-key and frugal, and he didn't like building buildings. He didn't believe that the alchemist lived in Immortal Technique and didn't like hunting.
Li Zhi has a good knowledge of people, and many wise ministers around him, such as Xin Maojiang, Lu Chengqing, Xu Yushi, Du Zhenglun, Xue Yuanchao, Wei Siqian, Dai Zhide, Zhang Wenxi, Wei Yuanzhong, etc., were personally promoted by him. Among them, Wei Siqian was hit by Chu Suiliang, and Du Zhenglun was left out in the cold by Li Shimin.
Anecdote
According to historical records, Gao Zong suffered from headache and eye problems for a long time, and even became blind in his later years, so he was often unable to judge. For this reason, Emperor Gaozong asked Qin Minghe, a physician, to treat him. Qin Minghe advocated acupuncture on the brain, and Wu Zetian sat behind the curtain and was furious, saying, "This man can behead and dare to acupuncture the head of the Holy Family!" However, Emperor Gaozong believed that acupuncture was beneficial to the disease, so he approved the request of the physician. After a hundred sessions of acupuncture by imperial doctors, Emperor Gaozong said that the eyes could see things.
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Evaluation
Traditional China historians believe that Tang Gaozong was born weak and restrained by Wu Zetian, which made his evaluation inferior to that of Tang Taizong's Zhenguan rule and Tang Xuanzong's Kaiyuan prosperity. But in fact, Tang Gaozong was also a promising master, and many decisions were beneficial to the country. Under the rule of Emperor Gaozong, the national strength reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty.
In domestic administration, Emperor Gaozong tried to correct the tyranny of Emperor Taizong. For example, before he officially ascended the throne, he ordered: "Stop the battle of Liaodong and all the civil works." In the second year of his accession to the throne, that is, in September of the second year of Yonghui, he ordered that the farmland occupied by the people be returned to the people. In the early reign of Emperor Gaozong, the achievements of Emperor Taizong were effectively consolidated, and later generations regarded it as the continuation of the rule of Zhenguan, which was called "the rule of eternal emblem" in history.
Later generations often questioned that Emperor Gaozong could not stop Wu Hou's autocracy. In fact, Emperor Gaozong held real power in the imperial court, such as personally appointing and removing the prime minister in the last year of his reign. However, Wu Hou's gradual rise to power may be interpreted as the fact that Gao Zong's decision under the dual consideration of his personal health and the lofty status of women in the Tang Dynasty should not be simply attributed to his cowardice.
militarily, during Tang Gaozong's reign, he not only saved the land laid by Taizong, but also launched many important foreign wars, successfully expanding the territory. He destroyed the western Turkic (in 657 in the second year of Emperor Xianqing), Baekje (in 66 in the fifth year of Emperor Xianqing) and Koguryo (in 668 in the first year of General Chapter) successively, which made the territory of the Tang Dynasty the largest.
in the emperor gaozong's time, there were also many excellent generals, except Li, a famous former emperor. , as well as Su Dingfang, Pei Xingjian, Xue Rengui, Liu Rengui, Fangyi Wang, Cheng Wuting, Wang Xiaojie, and the generals of ethnic minorities, all contributed a lot to the foreign war of Emperor Gaozong.
at the same time, it is worth noting that there are only 14 portraits of ministers in Zhaoling of Emperor Taizong, while there are as many as 61 portraits of ministers in Ganling of Emperor Gaozong, and these portraits still exist today. Gaozong appointed a number of kings, nobles' children and people of the border ethnic groups to hold official posts at all levels, which fully reflected the national situation and influence of the Tang Dynasty during the Gaozong period and also showed the admiration and submission of the border ethnic groups to the Tang Dynasty.
Personal work
Order of Supervising the Country and Seeking Talents?
Order to Set a Bed for Taking a Photographer, Gao Jian
Order to Recommend Blessing for the Empress Wende ]
Order to Build a Great Jionji
Order to Tell the Monks of Puguang Temple?
"Answering Shaman Hui's words to know the appointment of Puguang Temple"
"Answering Zhang Hang's drought and asking him to be an official"?
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Zhi.