Country 2. When Wang Xizhi was about five or six years old, Mrs. Bai Wei studied calligraphy for her teacher. His calligraphy has made rapid progress. At the age of seven, he was famous in the local area for his writing, which was very popular and praised by his predecessors.
When Wang Xizhi was 1 1, he read The Story of the Pen, which only adults could understand. He got up every morning and practiced writing in the dark according to the method described in Pen Shuo, which was simply fascinating. After a while, I looked at my handwriting, and there were some changes compared with what I wrote before. One day, his teacher, Mrs. Wei, was taken aback and said, "The child must have seen the secret of calligraphy. I found that his calligraphy has recently reached the level of an adult. In this way, my child's future achievements in calligraphy will definitely drown my reputation. "
Wang Xizhi was not complacent because of the teacher's praise. He worked harder and harder, even forgetting to eat and sleep.
Once at lunch, bookish, he brought his favorite garlic paste and steamed bread and urged him to eat it quickly several times. He still didn't even look up, as if he didn't hear, absorbed in reading posts and writing. The meal was cold, so Jibang had to ask Wang Xizhi's mother to persuade him to eat. Mother came to the study, only to find Xihe holding a steamed bread stained with ink and sending it to her mouth, making her mouth black. It turned out that when Xi Zhi was eating steamed stuffed buns, he was still looking at the words and thinking about how to write them in his mind. As a result, he mistook the ink for garlic. Mother couldn't help laughing when she saw this scene. Wang Xizhi still doesn't know what's going on Hearing his mother's laughter, he also said, "today's mashed garlic is really fragrant!" " Wang Xizhi persisted for decades, studied hard, kept posting, and practiced very solid kung fu, which laid the foundation and paved the way for his future development.
3。 Wang Xizhi loved to practice calligraphy since he was a child. When he was 7 years old, he learned calligraphy from the calligrapher Mrs. Wei. He concentrates on his efforts and makes progress every day. In less than three years, his pen was heavy and frustrated. In the calligraphy competition held by Langya Taishou, he won the first prize in one fell swoop, which shocked the famous calligraphers in Fiona Fang Baili. For a time, the praise was constant and the guests were full. Wang Xizhi, who just turned 10, can't help feeling proud under such circumstances.
One day, Wang Xizhi passed an alley and saw a group of people making noise in front of a restaurant. Especially the couplets on the shop door are particularly eye-catching. It says: delicious, famous, handsome and loved by everyone.
The horizontal plaque says "Swan Jiaozi". But the words are lifeless, lack of kung fu and plain.
After reading it, Wang Xizhi curled his lips and thought, this kind of word that lacks kung fu can only be used in front of this humble alley shop to make a fool of himself! But he also thought: delicious, famous and handsome, everyone loves it. What's so surprising about jiaozi? Whose shop is this in jiaozi? How dare you be so arrogant!
When Wang Xizhi walked into the shop, he saw four large iron pots filled with boiling water and placed them under a screen. The wrapped jiaozi flew over the screen like white birds, and landed in the boiling pot impartially. The waiter in jiaozi's shop is busy greeting the diners. Each waiter is in charge of a pot. Count off: No.1 pot is half a catty, ok, 1 catty again. ""No.2 pot weighs half a catty. " "No.3 pot is 92 liang ..."
Curious, Wang Xizhi conveniently took out a few coppers, asked for half a catty of jiaozi and sat down. Jiaozi soon served on the table. He looked at it carefully. jiaozi here is really different, delicate and delicate, like a white swan frolicking in the water. Xiang Tiange is really great. He picked up a jiaozi with chopsticks, gently took a bite and sent it to his mouth. Ah, suddenly it's delicious. Before I knew it, I swallowed all the plates of jiaozi. After a full meal, it was really memorable.
Wang Xizhi couldn't help saying to himself, "This swan jiaozi really deserves its reputation." I thought to myself: It's just that the couplet at the door is so badly written that it really doesn't deserve this jiaozi. Why don't I, Wang Xizhi, take this opportunity to write another couplet for the hotel and live up to this delicious meal? Thinking of this, he asked the man, "Where is the shopkeeper?"
The clerk pointed to the screen and said, "Hui Xianggong, the shopkeeper is behind the screen."
Wang Xizhi bypassed the screen and saw a white-haired old woman sitting in front of the chopping board, rolling dough and wrapping jiaozi. Fill in the stuffing, pinch it a few times quickly, and instantly turn into a skilled white swan. To his surprise, after jiaozi wrapped it, the white-haired woman threw jiaozi at the screen. Swan jiaozi flew over the screen one by one and landed in the pot. Every two or five, according to the number reported by the buddy, how much is put in each pot and the weight is exactly the same.
Wang Xizhi was amazed by the superb skills of the white-haired old woman. Quickly asked: "old man, how long will it take to practice your kung fu?" The white-haired woman replied, "To tell you the truth, it takes forty years to master it and a lifetime to practice it deeply."
Hearing this, Wang Xizhi couldn't help thinking silently and savoring the taste of this sentence. Then he asked, "You are so skilled, why don't you ask the people at the door to write better?" Not with this swan jiaozi! "
Wang Xizhi didn't ask how she was, but when she asked, the white-haired old woman became angry. She said angrily, "xianggong" doesn't know. It's not that I'm too old to invite, but it's not easy to invite! Take Wang Xizhi, who just appeared, for example. He was praised! To tell the truth, his little efforts in writing are not as profound as those I threw at jiaozi. Don't learn from him, as the saying goes: learning the sea is endless, and diligence can make up for it. The first row is proud and will eventually fall behind. "
The words of the white-haired girl made Wang Xizhi blush and feel ashamed. He respectfully wrote a couplet to the old woman. Since then, this swan jiaozi shop has hung up the couplets written by Wang Xizhi, and its business is getting more and more prosperous. This incident also changed Wang Xizhi's life and made him attached to geese all his life. Practise calligraphy more humbly and assiduously, learn from others' strengths, study the physical situation intensively, bring forth the old and bring forth the new, and create a vigorous and changeable new body with both form and spirit, which is famous all over the world. Become a famous calligrapher in the history of China.
4。 Wang Xizhi loved writing since he was a child. It is said that when he usually walks, he also practices calligraphy with his fingers at any time. After a long time, even his clothes were cut. After studying hard and practicing hard, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy has reached a high level. Because of his noble background and outstanding talent, all the ministers in the imperial court recommended him to be an official. He is the secretariat and general of the right army (people also call him Wang Youjun). Later, he became an official in Huiji County. He doesn't like living in the bustling capital. He likes the beautiful scenery of Huiji very much. Whenever he is free, he will travel with his friends. On one occasion, Wang Xizhi and his friends gave a banquet in Yinshan Lanting, Huiji County. Everyone writes poems while drinking. Finally, Wang Xizhi wrote an article on the spot to commemorate this banquet, which is the famous Preface to Lanting Collection. Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting Collection has always been regarded as a treasure of China's calligraphy art, but its original work has been lost.
Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is becoming more and more famous. People at that time regarded his calligraphy as a treasure. It is said that once, he went to his protege's house, and the protege warmly received him. Sitting next to a new case, he saw that several cases were smooth and clean, which aroused his interest in writing, so he asked his protege to bring pen and ink. The pupils were so happy that they immediately brought the pen and ink to Wang Xizhi. Wang Xizhi wrote a few lines on several boxes as a souvenir and went back.
A few days later, the protected person was on a business trip. His father went into the study to tidy up, and when he saw that the new book case was stained with ink, he scraped off the words with a knife. When the protected person came back, the handwriting on several boxes had disappeared. The protected person has been worried about this for several days.
Another time, Wang Xizhi went to a village. An old woman went to a charity sale with a basket of hexagonal bamboo fans. That kind of bamboo fan is very simple, without any decoration, which can't attract the interest of passers-by. It seems that it can't be sold, and the old woman is very anxious. Seeing this situation, Wang Xizhi felt sorry for the old woman, so he went up to her and said, "You can't sell this bamboo fan because there are no pictures or words on it." How about I write an inscription for you? " The old woman doesn't know Wang Xizhi. Seeing his enthusiasm, she wrote him a bamboo fan. Wang Xizhi took a pen, wrote five words on each fan and gave them back to the old woman. The old woman can't read, and she feels that his handwriting is scrawled, so she is very unhappy. Wang Xizhi comforted her and said, "Don't worry. You only tell the fan buyer that this is written by Wang Youjun. " As soon as Wang Xizhi left, the old woman did as he said. Collectors rushed to buy Wang Youjun's calligraphy after seeing it. A basket of bamboo fans soon sold out.
Many artists have their own hobbies, some love to grow flowers and some love to keep birds. But Wang Xizhi has his special hobbies. Where there are good geese, he is interested in seeing them, or buying them to enjoy. There is a Taoist in Yinshan. He wants Wang Xizhi to write a moral classic for him. But he knew that Wang Xizhi would not copy scriptures for others easily. Later, he found that Wang Xizhi liked white geese, so he specially raised a number of geese with good varieties. Wang Xizhi heard that there were good geese in Taoism, so he really went to see them. When he approached the Taoist priest's house, he saw a flock of geese floating leisurely on the surface of the river, with white feathers and high red tops. It was really cute. Wang Xizhi watched by the river and was reluctant to leave, so he sent someone to find a Taoist priest and asked to sell him the goose. The Taoist priest said with a smile, "Since the princes love eating so much, they don't have to spend any money. I'll give you all these geese. But I have a request, that is, please write a volume of scriptures for me. " Wang Xizhi did not hesitate to copy a scroll of scriptures for Taoist priests, and the goose was taken back by Wang Xizhi.
Wang Xizhi came to Tiantai Mountain before Lanting was rebuilt, and was attracted by the magical and beautiful scenery of Tiantai Mountain, so he rebelled at home. He enjoyed the sunrise and the wonders of clouds, waves and fog, which polished his calligraphy. He kept practicing calligraphy and washing pens and inkstones, and even dyed a pool of crystal clear water black. This is the origin of Mo Chi's name.
One night, Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy under the lamp and practiced. He wrote one blank sheet after another and spread it all over the floor. Late at night, he looked and thought word for word. He is not satisfied with his own writing, he reads and practices. He was too tired to practice, so he fell down on the table with a pen. Suddenly, a breeze blew and a white cloud floated by. On the cloud, an old man with a silver beard smiled at him and said, "Your handwriting is good!" " "
"Where, where!" Wang Xizhi offered to sit down and answered modestly. Seeing the old man carefully looking at his handwriting, he asked, "Lao Zhang, please correct me."
The old man saw Wang Xizhi's sincerity and said, "You reach out."
Wang Xizhi doesn't know what the old man is going to do. Seeing that the old man was serious and didn't like joking, he slowly reached over. The old man took the pen and said with a smile, "I think you are sincere in learning to write, so that you can understand a pen formula, which will work in the future." When the old man finished, he wrote a word on Wang Xizhi's palm, then nodded and said, "You will make faster progress." Just say it and leave. Wang Xizhi quickly shouted, "Where is your husband's house?" I heard a faint voice in the air: "White clouds on the roof …".
Wang Xizhi saw at a glance that his palm was "forever". He compared, rowed, wrote and practiced, and finally realized that the strokes of the square characters and the tips of the bookshelf structure were all embodied in the word "forever". Teacher Baiyun's teaching is really a good pen! From then on, Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy harder, and his calligraphy was more free and easy, which was wonderful.
Later, Wang Xizhi returned to Shaoxing, met with literary friends in Lanting, and wrote the calligraphy treasure "Preface to Lanting". Wang Xizhi never forgot the word "forever" written by Mr. Baiyun in Tiantai Mountain. He wrote a book "Yellow Seam Cave" in good faith and put it in an abrupt and steep cave on the top of the mountain, which was later called "Yellow Seam Cave". Today, some bold tourists have to climb the Huangjing Cave to see if Wang Xizhi's Huang Ting Jing is still hidden in the cave!
6。 Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi are both famous great calligraphers. There is such a little story between father and son.
On one occasion, Wang Xizhi went to Beijing on business. When he left, he wrote a few words on the wall at home. Wang Xianzhi is also good at writing. He secretly erased his father's inscription and wrote his own. After Wang Xianzhi finished writing, he studied it carefully and thought it was well written, which could confuse the authenticity. When Wang Xizhi came home, he saw the words on the wall and thought they were his own words. He was very dissatisfied and said with a sigh, "I was really drunk when I left home." Wang Xianzhi felt very ashamed after hearing this. From then on, he practiced calligraphy more seriously and assiduously, and became as famous a calligrapher as his father.
7。 Wang Sengqian wrote a good hand when he was young, and he was especially good at official script. As early as Liu and Song Dynasties, Song Wendi came across his white silk fan-shaped calligraphy and praised himself. He said, "This is not only beyond Wang Zijing's contribution, but also more unusual in its bone strength and appearance. Don't underestimate. " Wang Sengqian is the fifth grandson of Wang Dao, the prime minister of Jin Dynasty, and the famous calligraphers Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi are the children and grandchildren of Wang Dao. Wang Sengqian's calligraphy has its family origin. He not only inherited his family style and wrote well, but also had his own unique views on calligraphy theory, and once wrote a book about calligraphy. So Song Wendi said.
By the Qi Dynasty, Wang Sengqian's calligraphy was more perfect, and he became a famous scholar in China. Cat Daocheng is also a good calligrapher. After he ascended the throne, his calligraphy spirit is still very good. During the middle age of Jianyuan (AD 479-482), Taizu called Danyang (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) Yin to come to Korea to compete with him in calligraphy. Wang Sengqian had to do it. Both the monarch and the minister took out their own paper and ink to show off their enthusiasm. After writing the book, Taizu proudly asked, "Who linked or wrote calligraphy first?" Without thinking, Wang Sengqian replied: "The book of ministers comes first, and so does your majesty." Mao knows that his calligraphy is inferior. Does Wang have such a sly expression? So he asked, "The first is the first. How can there be two firsts? " Wang Sengqian said unhurriedly, "My calligraphy ranks first among ministers, and your majesty's calligraphy ranks first among emperors." Mao heard his explanation, which seemed reasonable, and he couldn't help laughing. He said, "Gong Qinggai really knows how to talk, and he will neither lose heart nor be a sinner. It's really selfish! " Wang Sengqian's praise for these changes is evident in his words. The monarch and ministers immediately exchanged their precious ancient celebrity calligraphy books.
8。 Master Zhiyong is good at regular script and cursive script, and can master Wang Xizhi's demeanor. Although he practiced in Yongxing Temple, his calligraphy became more and more famous. Many people ask for his calligraphy works through various relationships. People came and went in an endless stream, and the threshold was trampled, so he had to wrap the threshold with iron sheets. People laughed and called it "iron gate limit".
9。 Zhiyong Zen master, born in Sui and Tang Dynasties, is the seventh grandson of Wang Xizhi. Because he practiced calligraphy very hard, all the broken brushes were discarded in the bamboo basket. After years of life, he accumulated five baskets, so he wrote an inscription and buried these pens, which is called the pen grave. It can be seen that he loves books and treasures things.
10。 The strong stimulation of wine can glow the true nature hidden in people's hearts, and the so-called "telling the truth after drinking" is exactly the case. Some literary and art workers are proud of their talents, and they are even crazier after drinking and behave abnormally. So people call them "crazy people" and they are instantly vivid. But he is not good at drinking, pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity, addicted to drinking and scolding, painting after drinking, and often destroying and cracking. "Rich people want to paint, but they are reviled." People call him a madman, but his name is unknown.
Artists pursue truth, goodness and beauty, and the pursuit after drinking is more intense and unscrupulous, or they despise powerful people or denounce snobs. And the list goes on. After Li Bai's ninth birthday, he dared to let the hot Yang and Gao Lishi sharpen their motuo boots. Such a slave despises the arrogance and affability of powerful people! Cute! Respectable! Kai Liang in the Southern Song Dynasty was even wilder. Liang Kai was a figure painter in the Southern Song Dynasty. He is a heavy drinker and usually entertains himself. "When he was drunk, he was soaked through again." His behavior is wild, and he got the nickname of Liang Crazy. As recorded in Treasures of Painting, when he was in Song Ningzong, he was waiting for a letter from the Academy. The emperor gave him a gold belt, but he didn't accept it. He hung it in the yard with the emperor's reward. In feudal society, what the emperor gave must be preserved and enshrined respectfully. Kai Liang's action is what most people dare not do and don't understand. In the Ming Dynasty, Gui Zhuang (16 13- 1673) could write cursive script and was good at drawing ink bamboo. After the death of Ming Chengzu, he refused to cooperate with the Qing government and often used wine to drown his sorrows. After drinking, he was very sad and there was no one around. Gui Zhuang is as famous as Gu, a great thinker at that time, and is known as "returning to the strange and keeping the strange". Wei Wu, a court painter in the Ming Dynasty, went in and out of the court, but looked down on the powerful. Eunuchs at that time had great power. The autocratic behavior of eunuchs endangering the country is despised by people, while some people are awed by their arrogance and bow to their knees. Tachileik is what he seems, and his love and hate are clear. The attendants wanted to paint, but they never got one. There are also some people who ask Wei Wu to paint. If they are impolite, he will never write. Only when you are drunk will you automatically wipe the paper clean, throw it on the ground after painting and let others take it away.
The works of Dionysian artists are often the embodiment of their own nature and the concrete reflection of their understanding of truth, goodness and beauty. Most of the works are hearty and natural, revealing a true feeling, without the slightest female affectation.
1 1。 At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, a man named Xu, who was afraid of being an official, fled to the mountains. Can't talk because of illness. A few years later, a Buddhist temple will choose a person who is good at calligraphy and write couplets for the pillars in the temple. Xu accidentally crossed the beam on the ground and made a big taboo. The abbot of the temple was very angry and hit him on the back with a cane. He quickly wrote on the ground with his hand: "Although I can't speak, I have learned Chinese calligraphy. I hope I can try it." As a result, let him have a try, and all the monks in the temple are convinced and willing to let him write everything, no matter what his faults are.
12。 One day, Liu Gongquan and several friends held a "reading club". At this time, an old man selling tofu saw his handwriting, "I can write about Feng Fei's family background and dare to boast in front of people." He felt that the child was too proud and frowned and said, "This word is not well written, just like my tofu, it is soft, flat and spineless. Is it worth boasting in front of people? " Hearing this, Hsiao Kung chuan said unhappily, "Write some words for me if you can."
The old man smiled heartily and said, "No, I dare not. I am a clown and can't write well. " However, some people write with their feet much better than you! If you don't believe me, go to Huajing. "
The next day, Xiao Gongquan got a vigil and went to Huajing alone. As soon as he entered the capital of China, he saw many people gathered around a big pagoda tree. He squeezed into the crowd and saw a black and thin old man, without arms and barefoot, sitting on the ground, his left foot pressing paper, his right foot holding a pen, writing couplets freely, and his handwriting was like a galloping horse, while flying while flying, which won applause from the onlookers.
Xiao Gongquan plopped down on his knees in front of the old man and said, "I would like to worship you as a teacher, please tell me the secret of writing ..." The old man quickly pulled Xiao Gongquan up with his feet and said, "I am a lonely man, born without hands, and I can only live skillfully with my feet. How can I be a teacher? " Xiao Gongquan begged, and the old man spread a piece of paper on the ground and wrote a few words with his right foot:
"Write eight cylinders of water, inkstone dyed black; When you win hundreds of parents, you will get a phoenix in Yi Long. "
Liu Gongquan kept the old man's words in mind and worked hard to practice calligraphy. Thick cocoons were ground on the hands and the elbows were patched layer by layer. After hard training, Liu Gongquan finally became a famous calligrapher in China.
Liu Gongquan is a famous calligrapher in China. His calligraphy is clear and straight, which is admired and studied by later scholars. Why did he achieve such success? The above passage answers this question. At first, he thought his handwriting was excellent. He wrote the words "I can write Feng Fei's family background and dare to boast in front of people", which shows his pride. However, when the old man deliberately satirized Liu Gongquan's words as "tofu, soft and flat, spineless" in "Burden", Liu Gongquan was extremely angry. "Write a few words for me if you have the ability." The pride is beyond words. When the old man challenged him with the phrase "Some people write with their feet much better", Liu Gongquan didn't fly into a rage. However, from his action of "vigil the next day and going to Huajing alone", we can also see that he is not convinced, which is the pride of writing Liu Gongquan. When Liu Gongquan entered Huajing, he saw "a black and thin old man without arms", "writing couplets freely" and writing "Like Ma Benteng, flying". So he was dumbfounded. He plopped down on his knees in front of the old man and begged him to be his teacher. Here, a "shock", "kneeling" and "begging" fully show the change of Liu Gongquan's thought, and his pride is swept away. When the old man told Liu Gongquan the "secret" of writing, he suddenly realized that "practicing calligraphy hard from now on" finally became a generation of famous artists. Full-text details are "full of energy", and "writing" is briefly written, which gives us profound enlightenment.