Master Xia Yue (1857- 19 17) was a famous mage in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and he founded Huayan University. He is a native of Huanggang, Hubei, and was once the supervisor of Tianning Temple in Changzhou. For three years, Xuantong gave lectures at Baotong Temple in Hongshan, Wuchang. In autumn, Wuchang new army uprising, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. Li, the leader of the new army association, was appointed as the commander-in-chief, demanding the organization of the monk army and appointing him as the management zone of the monk army. After the founding of the Republic of China, Xia Yue went to Shanghai and gave lectures to Mrs. Luo Jialing at Harbin Garden (also known as Ailiyuan Garden) in Shanghai under the recommendation of Buddhist Di Chu Qing. With the support of Luo Jialing, Huayan University was established in Aili Garden, enrolling 60 students. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Xia Yue was the main lecturer, and his brother Ci was the assistant lecturer.
Huayan University was originally scheduled to have a three-year preparatory course and a three-year full course graduation. Shortly after the school started, Luo Jialing was provoked by pagans, and all monks were required to pay a monthly visit to Luo Jialing's residence-to pay tribute to Luo Jialing. This is an insult to the monk's personality, which is unacceptable to Master Xia Yue and all monks. Master Xia Yue led all the teachers and students to leave the Elysee Garden and move to Chao Hai Temple in Hangzhou. When Chang Xinggang entered Huayan, he was still wearing vulgar clothes. Later, inspired by Master Xia Yue, he thought that becoming a monk had to be ordained before he could practice. During his suspension from school, he returned to Fucheng Temple in Rugao, and asked Zicheng to give him a haircut, just in time for the fasting period of Baohua Mountain in Nanjing, and went to Longchang Temple for a full stop. 19 16 Autumn, the first student of Huayan University graduated. During this period, many talented students appeared, such as Ci Zhou, Guang Zhi, Ai Ting, Chen De, Jie Chen and Shou Song. Later, it was all safflower and virtue.
Chang Xing graduated from Huayan University and later went to Tianning Temple in Changzhou to study meditation, thus finding the religion of the soul. In the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 17), I learned that there was a "religious seminar" at Guanzong lecture temple in Siming Mountain, Ningbo, so I went to Guanzong Temple in Siming Mountain to study the concept of rooftop education. The following year, Master Xian Di changed the Zongxue Society to Guanzong Society, and recruited students outside the monks of the original research society. The club is divided into two subjects, each with 20 people. Chang Xing was chosen as the examiner, and Yu Renshan, Xian Yin, Xu and Bao Jing were classmates. He has been in the society for two years, often getting the first place in the exam, and is highly regarded by wizards.
In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), Master Song Chi, a classmate of Huayan University, founded the Law School in Guangfu Temple, Yushan, Changshu, and hired him to teach. Song Chi, a native of Jingmen, Hubei Province, became a monk at Tieniu Temple in Jingzhou. After graduating from Huayan University, I returned to Hubei. In the sixth year of the Republic of China (19 17), Master Xia Yue went to Guiyuan Temple in Hanyang to give lectures and attend classes with the masses. A few months later, Xia Feng started the life of the old monk, and the abbot Xiaofu Temple in Changshu went to Xiaofu Temple with Yue Lao. In the first month of July, Lao Jinshan was appointed as the secretary. That autumn, Yue Lao was ill in bed in yuquan temple, Hangzhou, and ordered someone to preach the Dharma to Song Chi. In February of the following year, Yue Lao's younger brother should preach the Dharma on his behalf, and Song Chi succeeded him as the abbot of Guangfu Temple. With the assistance of Master Ying Ci, Song Chi founded the Law School. Changxing applied to Gongfu Temple and presided over educational affairs in the law school. After two years in the academy, after teaching, I went deep into the classics, carried out the study of nature, merged with sages and became a school of my own. Since then, he has generously taken Changming Buddhism as his own responsibility.
In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), Zhu An, the abbot of Yingjiang Temple, Anqing, got the support of Ma Jiping, the financial director of Anhui Province, and founded the "Anhui Monk School" in Yingjiang Temple, employing Master Chang Xing as the principal. When the novice teacher arrived at the school, he was invited to teach Zhengde, Huiting and Juesan. In the next two years, he taught Mahayana classics at school, such as Guan Zhong Lun, Bai Lun, Twelve Men Lun, Shi Cheng Lun and Cheng Weizhi Lun. At that time, students at school included Taicang, who later became the abbot of Jinshan Temple, who founded the Nanting of Huayanlian Society in Taipei and went to Ruijin in Honghua, Philippines.
Anhui Monk School was established for two years, but in the spring of 13, the legend that Yingjiang Temple was going to close down due to economic difficulties made the students nervous. At that time, there were two students in Xiamen, one was Ruijin and the other was Guangzhen. They believe that Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen has a beautiful environment and rich economy. If Master Changxing can be invited to run a school in Xiamen, the students in the school will not drop out of school. So they first consulted with Master Changxing and returned to Xiamen from Guangzhen to report to Master Huiquan, the abbot of Nanputuo Temple. Master Huiquan is a great teacher who is enthusiastic about Sangha education. He was very happy when he heard Guangzhen's report. He wrote a personal letter to make Guangzhen and Rui look like Chang Xing, and let Chang Xing go to Xiamen to know the situation first. Due to the contact between Ruijin and Guangzhen, Minnan Buddhist College was born the following year. According to the autobiography of a monk in Nanting, the Anhui Monk School in Yingjiang Temple graduated three to two years ahead of schedule, and a graduation ceremony was held in the summer of 13th year, with both teachers and students leaving school.
In the summer of 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), Master Changxing left Yingjiang Temple and returned to Taixian County, Jiangsu Province. The abbot of Guangxiao Temple in Pei 'antai County taught him Buddhism, and he became the way to cultivate peace. In July of that year, Master Taixu held a joint conference on world Buddhism at LAM Raymond Temple in Lushan Mountain. Participants included representatives from various provinces, such as Chen, Xing Xiu, Zhu An, Li Zhenggang and. Chang Xing also attended the meeting as a representative of Jiangsu. Several Japanese Buddhist scholars and Buddhists from Britain, Germany and other countries also participated. During the three-day meeting, Changxing masters, scholars Huang Jigang, Li Zhenggang and Japanese representative Taixian Kimura all made speeches at the meeting. After the meeting, Chang Xing invited Master Taixu to give a lecture in Taixian County. The master taught Vimalakīrti classics in Guangxiao Temple, which changed the perception of celebrities in Taixian and improved the social status of Buddhism.
The Minnan Buddhist College of Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen was established in the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), and enrolled students in the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), with Master Huiquan as the principal, Master Changxing as the vice principal and Master Hui Ting as the main lecturer. The college started classes, and many of the 70 or 80 students were transferred from Yingjiang Buddhist College. Master Changxing has been in Fujian Academy for more than two years, and has taught students Mahayana, China-Border Debate, Only Understanding, Knowing the Truth, and other courses. In the spring of the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Master Huiquan's three-year term in Nanputuo Temple expired. At that time, during the Northern Expedition of Guangzhou National Revolutionary Army, revolutionary slogans resounded through the sky, and monasteries around the country were often requisitioned by the army. In some areas, the property of temples is often confiscated and schools are changed. Therefore, Master Huiquan invited Chang Xing, Governor of Nanputuo Temple and Dean of Buddhist College, to discuss the selection of the successor abbot and how to protect the temple. During the dinner, Master Changxing proposed that if Master Taixu, the new Buddhist monk leader, was invited to succeed the abbot, the stability of temples and Buddhist colleges would be maintained with the social prestige of Master Taixu. Everyone thought the candidate was suitable, so I invited Changxing to meet Master Taixu in Shanghai with the Second Division of Zhuanfeng and Zhuanhan, and invited him to Xiamen.
Master Taixu has a deep relationship with Huiquan and Zhuanfeng Second Division. At the end of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, they listened to the scriptures and participated in meditation with Tiantong Temple. At the same time, a few months ago, in October of the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), Master Taixu returned from Singapore and passed through Xiamen, Nanputuo Temple and Minnan Buddhist College, where he was warmly welcomed. Taixu also met with all the teachers of Quan Quan, Zhuanfeng and Changxing, so he kept proposing that Taixu continue to live in Nanputuo, and no one objected. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), in mid-April, Master Taixu visited Minnan for the first time. He first went to Fuzhou, where he met with Fang Shengtao, former chairman of Fujian Province, social celebrities and protector Li Zikuan, and talked with Fujian garrison commander Tan and teacher Zhang. Tan and Zhang promised to issue a notice to protect the temple, and then he went to Xiamen. On April 29th, Nanputuo Temple held a ceremony for Master Taixu to enter Jinshan. Chang Xing also resigned from the faculty of Fujian Academy, and went to Kunming to give lectures at the invitation of lord protector Wang Jiuling (former director of Yunnan Education Department Zhu Cun), a lay scholar in Yunnan.
He went to Yunnan by boat from Shanghai via Vietnam. He was warmly welcomed by Buddhists when he arrived in Kunming. He founded the "Four Buddhist Associations in Yunnan" in Kunming and introduced Buddhism there. At that time, the border of Yunnan province was not peaceful, and there was a war between China and France on the border. The Zen master once formed an ambulance team with the goodwill of the Buddhist Association, and it was quite effective to rescue the wounded and sick on the battlefield with the army. In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), the province came to an end in Yunnan and returned to Shanghai via Xiamen. At this time, celebrities in Shanghai such as Zhao, Chen, Dong, etc. Master Chimatsu, who has just returned from Tomi College in Kameyama, Japan, was invited to give a lecture at the opening ceremony. The Buddhist monk originally planned to go to Tibet to learn the secret, but for some reason he couldn't make it. At this point, he pre-listed the altar and studied the secret method with Master Song, which lasted for half a year. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Zhaoqing Temple in Hangzhou opened a "Monk Master Workshop", in which Master Changxing was invited to take charge of educational affairs and train teachers for Buddhism.
In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), Zhu, a Buddhist figure, together with monk Taiyuan, the abbot of Bailin Temple in Beijing, proposed the establishment of the Berlin Institute of Religion, and hired Master Changxing as its president. Bailin Temple, located at Fangxin Bridge in Dongcheng, Beijing, is a famous temple in Beijing. With the virtue of Master Chang Xing in the field of monk education, young monks from all over the world are flocking to it, and there are countless scholars. In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), Master Taixu returned from Honghua, Europe and America. He arrived in Beijing in May and settled in Xibailin Temple. He negotiated with Taiyuan and Changxing to set up a "World Buddhist Academy" in Bolin Temple, and invited Xingshi to be the preparatory committee member of the World Buddhist Academy. Master Taixu also ordered the French side and Chen Kong who were in Wuchang at that time to move the "Preparatory Office of the World Buddhist Academy" and the "Ceylon Research Group" located in Wuchang Buddhist Academy to Beijing Berlin Temple. The Berlin Education Department was changed to the Chinese and Japanese Department at the World Expo, and the Ceylon Learning Group was changed to the Chinese and English Department, so the Berlin Temple became the center of cooperation between Taixu and Changxing Division to promote world Buddhism. Unexpectedly, in September of the 20th year of the Republic of China (193 1 year), the Japanese invaders invaded the northeast of China by force, and the September 18th Incident broke out. In the following year, the situation in North China was tense and the economy was depressed, which affected the funds of the Institute of Education and had to announce its closure.
Master Changxing has been in Beijing for more than a year. Besides giving lectures at the College of Education, he is often invited to give lectures at universities. In the twentieth year of the Republic of China (193 1 year), Mr. Pei 'an, the abbot of Guangxiao Temple in Taixian County, left the temple because of a lawsuit with the local gentry. The Buddhist Association of Jiangsu Province held a meeting and elected Chang Xing as its successor. After becoming a teacher in Jinshan, he found Nanting, a student of Anhui Monk School in his early years, as an auxiliary temple to take care of the income and expenditure of the long-term rental valley. Guangxiao Temple was originally rich in production, but when the teacher took over, Guangxiao Temple was in debt of tens of thousands of yuan. When there was a flood in northern Jiangsu, Guangxiao Temple had to assist the local government in disaster relief and set up a refugee shelter. Lai Xing and Master Nan Ting managed badly and survived. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), the rain was evenly distributed, and there were bumper harvests in spring and autumn. Guangxiao Temple collected four or five thousand stone wheat and rice, and the economic situation gradually improved. In the 20th year of the Republic of China (193 1 year), he entered Guangxiao Temple, founded Xiaoguang Buddhism Research Association in the temple, invited students from Anhui Monk School to teach as teachers in the early years, and recruited monks abroad. During this period, he was invited to concurrently serve as the abbot of Manju Temple.
In the spring of the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), Gu Ming, the founder, was awakened to give a lecture in Guangxiao Temple, which opened on March 1st. There are more than 100 new commandments, and dozens of people have accepted the five commandments. The third division, with lectures, lectures and professors, invited the old monk Shoupei from Chaoan Temple in Zhenjiang, the old monk Renshan from Jinshan Temple and the old monk Rang from Tianning Temple. The founder is Mi Cheng, the supervisor of Baohua Mountain. On the first day of the sermon, thousands of people attended the ceremony, which gave Guangxiao Temple an atmosphere of revival. When the abstinence period ended, Xing Shi taught Buddhism to his three valued disciples. These three people came from Nanting of Anhui Monk School, Zong Wei of Nanjing Hosei University, and were tired of studying at Chikulin Temple Buddhist College. After the lecture ceremony, Master Changxing was elected as the abbot by the second order of Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen. He took his disciple Zong Wei south to Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen.
It turned out that Master Taixu became the abbot of Nanputuo Temple and the dean of Minnan Buddhist College in April of the Republic of China 16 (1927). He has been the fourth abbot of Nanputuo Temple and the dean of Minnan Buddhist College for six years, and decided to retire. The monk was elected as the fourth abbot of Nanputuo Temple (the first master was Huiquan) and concurrently the dean of Minnan Buddhist College. The retired first abbot, Master Huiquan, visited Guangxiao Temple in Taixian in advance, and now he is going to Xiamen as agreed. At the beginning of the monk's visit to Fujian Academy, Master Hongyi, who was in southern Fujian at that time, was invited to Fujian Academy and asked Master Hong Guang to provide suggestions for rectifying the Buddhist Academy. Hong Guang's karma has not been rejected. However, in view of the lack of educational opportunities for the novice monk, it is suggested to make up for this. Later, Nanputuo Temple founded Zheng Yang Correctional Institution, with Master Ruijin, who studied in Anhui Monk School in his early years, as the provost, so that he could do his best to educate Misha. That summer, Awakening the World ordered Zong Wei to teach Cheng Wei's Theory of Knowledge in Fujian Academy. Zong Wei was born in Nanjing Zhina College and was only good at understanding. His teaching is very popular with students. In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), Master Xing invited Master Yin Shun, who was studying at Huiji Temple in Putuo Mountain, to teach at Fujian Academy. This is also a very popular course for students. Master Yin Shun taught in the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935) and returned to Putuo Mountain to study and collect books.
In the spring of the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), the abbot of Changxing Master expired for three years, resigned as the abbot of Nanputuo Temple and the dean of Buddhism, and raised lung diseases in Shanghai. In autumn, I returned to Taixian, where I listened to a classic told by Zen master Lin, and since then I have formed an indissoluble bond with Taixian. At that time, the chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association was Master Yuan Ying, and the venue was located in Jue Yuan. During the meeting, Master Changxing was recommended as the Secretary General of the Chinese Buddhist Association. Over the years, there have been two schools of Buddhism in China, Master Taixu and Master Yuan Ying. Taixu school advocates innovation, Yuan Ying school advocates conservatism, and some celebrities and laymen in Shanghai spread discord from it. The two schools are incompatible. Master Changxing has a gentle personality and no desire to lead, and has friendship with both old and new factions. He hopes to reconcile the two factions and promote Buddhist unity. He ran between the two factions, his tongue was sore and he worked hard, which led to the recurrence of old lung disease and ineffective medical treatment. He died in 2008 (1939) 1 month 14 at the age of 44.
Master Chang Xing's thought is novel and familiar, and he does not stick to the concept of clan pulse. Therefore, it is advocated to study all subjects equally in order to realize the spirit of Mahayana salvation. He has original ideas in Yin Ming, Jue Yuan and letters. In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), he taught the classics in Yingjiang Temple, Anqing, and became a book on the classics. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), he preached in Yunnan and became a book "Introduction to Buddhism". Later, he talked about Mahayana belief in Beijing and became a book "On Outline". He also taught Buddhism in Minnan Buddhist College and became a book "Knowing Right by Being Right". These works are included in the collection of works by Master Changxing.
Biography of the Master is novel in theme, substantial in content and unique in title. The chapters of this book are as follows: 1. The great mystery of the life universe; Second, the trance of religious philosophy; Third, a true interpretation of the origin of asexuality; Fourth, the difference between bitterness and pleasure is different; Fifth, the birth of Sakyamuni's sorrow; Sixth, the way of preaching at five o'clock; Seven, the difference between size and gender; Eight, Zhina heyday; Nine, the needs of people today; 10. Procedures for starting the study. There are two kinds of empty theory:
Generally speaking, Buddhism is boundless and there is no empty door.
Manjusri Bodhisattva is a master of Prajna, who is good at saying empty meanings. Therefore, 700 years after the extinction of the Buddha, Dragon Tree Bodhisattva took advantage of his desire to prosper the world, and together with his disciples Tipo and Manjusri Bodhisattva of Long Shao, covered up the Eight-Road Ceremony, so he said that all Buddhism was asexual. According to his repeated calculations, there is a common truth, and the truth is round. After all, there is nothing. When the ultimate wisdom proves the truth, it can be unique, so the cloud has no wisdom and no income. The Buddha has nothing to ask for, and it is a famous religion.
Maitreya is the master of the secret machine, and it is good to say that it is righteous. Therefore, 900 years after the death of the Buddha, no bodhisattva wishes to prosper in the world, and his brother is in the modern world. Long Shao Maitreya Buddha has a course to explain cause and effect. Therefore, all methods are asexual, vulgar and empty, round and true, and true and good by nature. Therefore, when using double photos to prove the truth, although both can be done, both are equal and equal, in fact, inaction is different and wisdom is natural. Buddha's merits and demerits are endless, and it is a famous religion.
Master Changxing has written a lot, and the book Introduction to Buddhism is the most valued by the Buddhist community.