The word "jing" in "The scenery is about to enter" in "The Return of the Return" is not the word "tongjia", it means sunlight.
"Come Back and Come Back"
Author: Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty
Original text:
The Yu family is poor, and farming is not enough to support themselves. . Childish people have a full room, no grain in the bottle, and no capital for life, but no skills. Many relatives and friends persuaded me to become a long-term official, and I was full of hope and pursued my career in vain. There will be things going on in all directions, and the princes will treat kindness as virtue, and the uncle of the family will be poor, so he will use it in Xiaoyi. At that time, the turmoil was not calming down, and he was worried about the long service. Peng Ze went home hundreds of miles away, and the benefits of the public land were enough to make wine.
So I asked for it. After a few days, the family felt like returning home. Why? It is natural in nature and not obtained through hard work. Although hunger and cold can cut off the pain, it goes against one's own will and causes illness. Taste from human affairs, all food and drink self-service. So I felt sad and generous, deeply ashamed of my life ambitions.
I still look forward to Yimin, when I gather my clothes and the night passes. Xun Cheng's sister died in Wuchang. She was in love with Jun Ben and resigned from her post. From mid-autumn to winter, I stayed in office for more than eighty days. Because things are going well, the fate chapter is called "Go back and come back".
Come back and come back, will the countryside be full of wild beards? Since you regard your heart as a servant, you are ridiculed and melancholy and only sad? If you understand the past, you can't admonish it, but if you know what's coming, you can pursue it. In fact, the lost path is not far away. I feel that what is now is but yesterday was not. The boat is far away, and the wind is blowing. I asked Zheng Husband about the way forward, and I hated the faintness of the morning light. ?
Looking at the house, I am happy and running. The servants welcome you, and the young children wait for the door. The three paths are deserted, but the pines and chrysanthemums still remain. When I brought my child into the house, there was a bottle full of wine. Use the cup to drink for yourself, look at the courtyard to enjoy your beauty. Leaning against the south window to express your pride, it is easy to rest your knees when looking at your appearance.
The garden is surrounded by sunlight to make it interesting. Although the gate is set up, it is always closed. The old man is encouraged to rest, his head straightened, and he looks far away. The clouds have no intention to come out of Xiu, and the birds know when they are tired of flying. The scenery is blurry and the scenery is about to enter, caressing the lonely pine and wandering around.
Come back and come back, please pay attention and never travel again. The world is against my will, how can I ask for my words again? Love words to please relatives, music on the piano and writing to soothe worries. The peasants told me that spring was coming and that something would happen in Xichou. Or a life-carrying carriage, or a solitary boat. It is both graceful and graceful to find ravines, and also rugged to pass through hills. The trees are flourishing and the springs are beginning to trickle. When I get all the good things, I feel grateful for the rest of my life.
That’s it! When will Yuxingyu be restored? Are you willing to stay or leave as you please? Why not, what else do you want to do? Wealth and honor are not my wish, and an imperial homeland cannot be expected. If you have a good time, you can go alone, or plant a stick and work hard. Climb Donggao to soothe the whistle, and compose poems near the clear stream. Talking about the multiplication and returning to the end, Yuefu's destiny returns to ridicule and doubt!
Translation:
My family is poor, and we can’t cultivate the fields and plant mulberry trees to support ourselves. There are many children, there is no food in the rice vat, and there is no solution for everything needed to maintain life. Most of my relatives and friends advised me to become an official. I also had this idea in my heart, but there was no way to get an official position.
It happened that there were officials who were out on envoys. The local officials regarded cherishing talents as a virtue. My uncle also tried to help me because my family was poor, so I was appointed to be an official in a small county. At that time, the society was in turmoil, and I was afraid of becoming an official in a distant place. Pengze County is a hundred miles away from home. The grain harvested in the public fields is enough to make wine for drinking, so I asked to go there.
After some time, I felt nostalgic for my hometown. Why is that? Nature is allowed to take its own course, which cannot be forced; although hunger and cold come urgently, if you go against your original intention and become an official, you will feel pain both physically and mentally. In the past, when working for officials, they all used themselves for food. So I felt melancholy and felt deeply ashamed of my lifelong ambitions.
After waiting only one more year, he packed up and left overnight. Soon, my sister who married into the Cheng family passed away in Wuchang. I felt as urgent as a galloping horse to mourn her, and I asked to be relieved of my official position. From the second month of autumn to winter, I worked for more than 80 days. Because of his resignation, his wish came true and he wrote an article titled "Going Back".
This is November of Yisi year. Go home! The countryside is almost deserted, why not go back? Since my soul is at the mercy of my body, why am I so frustrated and sad alone? Realize that the mistakes of the past are irreversible, and know that there is still time to make amends for the future.
It is probably not too far away that I have indeed gone astray. I realize that what I did today is correct and what I did wrong before. The boat floats gently on the water, and the breeze blows the clothes. I asked pedestrians about the road ahead, but unfortunately it was dawning too slowly. I just saw the door of my humble home. I was so happy that I ran over.
The family children greeted me cheerfully, and the young children were waiting in the courtyard. The path in the yard is almost deserted, but pine trees and chrysanthemums are still growing there; when I take the children into the house, the wine bottles are already filled with wine.
I picked up the flask and glass and poured myself a drink, looking at the garden trees (which made me) look happy; I leaned against the south window to express my pride in the world, knowing that this small place could easily make people uncomfortable. I feel at ease.
Walking in the garden (alone) every day has become a pleasure. The door of the small garden is often closed; I walk and rest with a cane, and always look up at the distance (the sky). White clouds naturally floated out from the mountain peaks, and the tired birds also knew how to fly back to their nests; the sun was dim and the mountains were about to set, but I couldn't bear to leave, and I lingered with my hand on the lonely pine.
Go home! Let me cut off all contact with the outside world.
Everything about them is contrary to my interests, so why should I drive out to pursue them? Talking with relatives and friends makes me happy, playing the piano and reading can make me forget my sorrow; the farmer told me the news that spring is coming, and he will go to the fields in the west to cultivate.
Sometimes we drive a small car with a cloth canopy, sometimes we paddle a small boat, not only to explore the deep ravines, but also to walk through the rugged hills. The trees are flourishing and the springs are flowing slowly. I envy all things in the season of prosperity and growth, and lament that my life is coming to an end.
Forget it! How long can you live in this world? Why not just do whatever you want and let nature take its course? Why are you so restless and where else do you want to go? Wealth and honor are not what I seek, and there is no hope of ascending to the immortal world. Cherishing the beautiful scenery in those good times, I went to appreciate it alone, sometimes holding on to a cane to weed and cultivate seedlings.
When I climbed up the eastern hillside, I screamed loudly and sang poems by the clear stream; I just followed the changes of nature until the end of my life. With the destiny of Le'an firmly in mind, there is nothing to hesitate about!
Extended information:
The language of this article in "Come Back and Come Back" is very exquisite. The poems are mainly six-character sentences, with three-character sentences, four-character sentences, seven-character sentences and eight-character sentences in between. They are catchy and have melodious rhythm. The sentence is lined with the words "zhi", "yi", "er", etc., which is soothing and elegant. Sometimes words with overlapping sounds are used, which has a strong sense of music. For example, "The boat is far away with lightness, the wind is fluttering and the clothes are blowing", "The wood is blooming with joy, and the spring is trickling and starting to flow."
Use more dual sentences, whether they are positive or negative, they are just right. The description is combined with lyricism and discussion. Sometimes it depicts scenes, sometimes it is lyrical, and sometimes it is discussion. It has scenery, emotion, reason, and interest.
Although Tao Yuanming retired to the countryside, regardless of whether his approach was positive or negative, he was different from the working people after all. Whether he wrote "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" or "Returning to the Fields", it was actually a phenomenon of that era, and he was not the only one to retreat to the countryside.
However, his seclusion created a writer and formed a literary style that will shine brightly in the history of Chinese literature and illuminate for thousands of years. Ouyang Xiu said: "There are no articles in the Jin Dynasty, only one piece of Tao Yuanming's "Return and Come Back"." Although this is an exaggeration, it can show its status in the history of literature.
The creative background of "Returning to Come and Come Back":
In the first year of Yixi, Emperor An of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming abandoned his official position and returned to his fields, and wrote "Returning to Come and Come to Come". Tao Yuanming began to serve as an official at the age of 29. He served as an official for thirteen years. He always hated officialdom and longed for the countryside. When he was 41 years old in the first year of Yixi, he served as an official for the last time. After working for more than 80 days, Peng Zeling resigned and returned home. He never became an official again.
According to "Song Book·Biography of Tao Qian" and Xiao Tong's "Biography of Tao Yuanming", Tao Yuanming returned to seclusion out of dissatisfaction with the decadent reality. At that time, a postal supervisor from the county came to Pengze for inspection, and the officials asked him to greet him with a belt as a sign of respect.
He said angrily: "I don't want to bow down to a village boy for five buckets of rice!" He immediately resigned from his post and wrote "Come Back and Come Back" to clarify his aspirations.
Tao Yuanming started offering wine to the state in the 18th year of Taiyuan of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty, and then served as Peng Zeling in the first year of Yixi. During these 13 years, he served as an official several times and went into seclusion several times. Tao Yuanming had political ambitions, but the political society at that time was extremely dark. In the second year of Emperor Yuanxing's reign in Jin'an, the warlord Huan Xuan usurped the Jin Dynasty and called himself Emperor Chu.
In the third year of Yuanxing, another warlord Liu Yu launched an army to attack Huan and invaded Jiankang, the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. By the first year of Yixi, Liu Yu completely controlled the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At this time, it was only fifteen years since Huanxuan usurped the Jin Dynasty. Along with these usurpations came countless massacres of dissidents and unjust wars.
Tao Yuanming loved freedom by nature, but the officialdom at that time was extremely corrupt, flattering superiors and arrogant subordinates, doing random things, and losing all integrity. An upright scholar had no place in the political society at that time, let alone realizing his ideals and ambitions.
After thirteen years of twists and turns, Tao Yuanming finally understood this completely. The fundamental opposition between Tao Yuanming's character and political society destined him to make his final decision - to retire into seclusion.
After thirteen years of twists and turns, Tao Yuanming finally understood this completely. The fundamental opposition between Tao Yuanming's character and political society destined him to make his final decision - to retire into seclusion.
About the author of "Come Back and Come Back":
Tao Yuanming, a poet, poet, and essayist of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. A Qian, with the courtesy name Yuan Liang, and his private nickname Jingjie. A native of Chaisang, Xunyang. Both "Book of Jin" and "Book of Song" claim that he is the great-grandson of Tao Kan. He once served as Jiangzhou Jijiu, Zhenjun, Peng Zeling, etc., but later resigned and returned to seclusion, abandoning his official career. Good at poetry and prose.
The poems mostly describe pastoral scenery and scenes of life in rural areas, which often contain aversion to the dirty officialdom and the spirit of unwillingness to be complicit, as well as the yearning for a peaceful society; they also write about the short life. The anxiety and the concept of life of conforming to nature and being happy with life have more philosophical elements.
The artistic characteristics are both plain and hearty; the language is simple and natural, but also quite concise, with a unique style. There is "Tao Yuanming Collection".
Baidu Encyclopedia-Return and Come Back