Common sense and skills of cursive script in Tian Cao 20 1. Characteristics of cursive script, cursive script, official script and seal script.
Regular script is also called regular script, original script and official script. It gradually evolved from official script and became more simplified. The font is changed from flat to square, and the wave potential of Han Li is omitted in the strokes, which is horizontal and vertical. Running script is expensive, that is, the pen is running regardless of the paper, resulting in the joint relationship between strokes, that is, there is a clear or dark connection between the closing of the previous stroke and the beginning of the next stroke. This not only speeds up the writing. It also brought about changes in font structure. The brushwork of running script is natural and smooth, cohesive and echoing, and plain. It has great practicability and high appreciation value. Because running script is a kind of calligraphy between regular script and cursive script, it has no relatively fixed structural strokes like seal script, official script and regular script, and can be divided into running script and cursive script according to the degree of brevity and cursive script. If it is based on cursive script, but only a few strokes of regular script are kept, it can be called cursive script or cursive script. Cursive script is further simplified than running script, which is called "a kind of calligraphy". It has the skeleton of regular script, but the structure and form of the word "simplify by deleting complexity and change complexity into quickness" have changed greatly. In order to make writing simple and convenient and speed up writing, it adopts the following methods. The first category is that regular script takes seven strokes to complete, and cursive script can be simplified to one stroke. Another example is the word "Dong", regular script 18, three cursive scripts, and so on. Therefore, the shape and structure of characters have completely changed their original appearance because of planting grass. Symbols with more strokes become symbols with fewer strokes. The second category is to save similar strokes that appear repeatedly in regular script, such as ". It is convenient for the operation of brush strokes, such as the cursive writing of the word "knot". Through the above three changes, writing is convenient, simple, fast and smooth. Sun's "Book Score" says: "Grass flows like clouds and flowing water". It has brought characteristics to the cursive brushwork, and changed the brushwork of regular script, such as turning in and out, returning to the peak and so on. Or take one stroke after another, or hook it, or thread it, or brush it continuously. Cursive brushwork can't be completely turned around with a fast pen tube belt, but it should be combined with stippling and circulation, and combined with brushing, dragging and turning. That is, Sun said that "grass takes stippling as its temperament and stippling as its form" to achieve both. Where there is a circle around the stippling, the strokes are mostly centered and smooth, which makes the cursive script have the beauty of combining rigidity with softness. The cursive script is reduced and the writing method is simple, but the writing requirements are standardized and cannot be fabricated at will. Many words are subtle. If you don't pay attention, you will lose a thousand miles. Write other words, such as "Hui", "Nian", "Dun" and "Mo", and you should master them when you study. In this way, when you encounter several identical words in a work, the style of writing will change and the similarity will be reduced. The style of official script is flat, split and symmetrical. The brushwork of final contact is a combination of square and Fiona Fang. The typical brushwork is "silkworm head swallow tail", and the basic brushwork is: side. Everything else is straight or curved. The horizontal, vertical, left-off, left-off, hook and point of regular script and official script are all changed from the curved pen and straight pen of seal script. The straight strokes of seal script can be divided into horizontal strokes and vertical strokes. Arc strokes can be divided into arc, compound arc and ring. The strokes of seal script are relatively simple and are mostly used by the center. There are fewer strokes in the front and middle, and the strokes are even and round. The roundness is even, the thickness is basically the same, and the third is balanced symmetry. The balanced symmetry of spatial division is the unique charm of seal script. The fourth is to tighten and loosen the seal script. Most of the seal script is in the upper part, and the lower part is telescopic and vertical.
2. Specific definitions of running scripts, running scripts and running scripts.
Semi-cursive/running/calligraphy (China's calligraphy)
Running script is developed and originated on the basis of official script, which produces a font between regular script and cursive script to make up for the slow writing speed of regular script and the fuzziness of cursive script. "Go" means "go", so it is not as scribbled as cursive script, nor as straight as regular script. Whether it is cursive or cursive in essence.
cursive script
Cursive script is a font of Chinese characters, which is characterized by simple structure and continuous strokes. Formed in the Han Dynasty, it evolved on the basis of official script for the convenience of writing. There are Cao Zhang, modern grass and weeds, and it feels beautiful in madness.
Running script/script
Running cursive is a writing style and style between running cursive and cursive, which can be said to be cursive or cursive. It is to make up for the rigidity of regular script and the fuzziness of cursive script. Running script was produced in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
abstract
There is no strict distinction between cursive script and cursive script, and the font of calligraphy is not static, mainly because of the pondering of writing and the appreciation experience of the appreciator.
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4. How to write the word Lei in European regular script, running script and cursive script respectively?
Characteristics of running script 1 Running script is different from regular script in that it is faster.
Because most of the running scripts are used in drafting and writing letters, they are written while conceiving articles, and they are written quickly when they are ready, so the writing of regular scripts can't keep up with the ideas. Some letters and manuscripts handed down from ancient times were written under such circumstances.
The effect of stroke speed makes strokes smooth and sometimes fly white. 2. Hook improves the speed of calligraphy, and brings out a small hook at the joint of strokes, which makes the strokes smoother and more lively, reflect each other, take care of each other, and make the momentum more coherent.
Use hooks around the running script, and sometimes you can use hairspring to implicate it, but it should not be too much. Between the upper and lower words, meaning can be broken, which is different from writing cursive script.
(fig. 82) 3. There are hooks and a few lines in the cursive strokes, and cursive script and cursive script in the text appear alternately. The proportion of cursive script may not be certain. Most cursive scripts are called cursive scripts, and most cursive scripts are called cursive scripts. Generally speaking, there are three kinds of changes: (1) Characters with regular script as the main body posture are basically regular script, which is slightly more inclined than regular script in body posture, and some tick marks are added to the strokes.
(2) Structurally, most characters are regular script, and some are simplified running script. For example, the word "flower" uses the grass head of cursive script; The word "de" is a cursive script, but it is actually a folk custom. Now we should use simplified words.
(3) In terms of layout, some words with alternating capital letters and cursive scripts have a straight structure, and some cursive scripts change vertically and horizontally, staggered together, and look tight and loose, positive and oblique, and uneven. Cursive scripts can be written in easily recognizable fonts, and it is not advisable to use wild cursive scripts and obscure cursive scripts.
Characteristics of regular script (1) Regular script is also called official script, or real book. Its characteristics are: square shape, straight strokes, can be used as a model, hence the name.
Began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are many famous regular script writers, such as Ou Ti (Ou Yangxun), Yu Ti (Yu Shinan), Yan Ti (Yan Zhenqing), Liu Ti (Liu Gongquan) and Zhao Ti (Zhao Mengfu).
Generally speaking, writing small characters is very different from writing big characters. In principle, writing big characters should be close and seamless, and writing small characters should be more spacious. In other words: writing big characters should be as accurate as writing small characters; Writing small characters is as cramped as writing big characters, so the ancients said, "Writing big characters should be like small characters, and writing small characters should be like big characters."
There is not much difference between the center of gravity of writing fine print and the coordination of strokes. As for the pen, it is slightly different.
Small print should be round, beautiful, straight and neat; Big characters should be magnificent and heavy. Use the back front (hidden front) to write big characters and the back front to receive pens; You don't have to use sharp edges to write fine print, but use sharp edges to collect pens.
The characteristics of cursive script: cursive script is to connect words with dots according to certain rules, with simple structure and borrowing, not scribbling at will. The feature of cursive script is that the artistic appreciation value is greater than the practical value. Generally speaking, there are two kinds: Cao Zhang and Cao Jin.
Cao Zhang is a simple and quick official script style, and the characters are independent and unconnected. Nowadays, Cao Cao is a quick writing style of regular script, and there is often a connection between strokes. The characteristics of seals in different times are different, and the flavor of the times can be distinguished from the shape, seal characters, texture and printing color of seals.
Most of the paintings and calligraphy in the Song Dynasty were not stamped with the author's name, and the materials were mainly copper and jade, which was different from other dynasties. Lithography was only used in the Yuan Dynasty, and "seal oil" was used in the Ming Dynasty, which is said to be represented by Shen Zhou.