White clouds naturally float out of the mountain peaks, and tired birds know to fly back to their nests.
Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds fly wearily. It also comes from Tao Yuanming's "Return" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty: the garden day is interesting, although the door is always closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.
Come back, say something, and merge.
Author Tao Yuanming, Wei Jin,
My family is poor and I am not self-sufficient in farming. Naive and full of room, no millet in the bottle, born and endowed, not seen its skills. Some relatives and friends even advised Yu to be an officer, but he was pregnant and asked for the Tao. There will be things in all directions. The princes take love as their virtue, and my uncle is poor, so I use it in a small town. At that time, the wind and rain were not calm, and he was afraid to go far. Pengze went home for a hundred miles, and the benefits of the commons were full of wine. So I asked for it. And after a few days, there is a feeling of returning to China as soon as possible. What is this? Nature is nature, not obtained through revision. Although hunger and cold cut, but it is against their own diseases. Everyone who tastes from personnel is selfish. So I was disappointed, generous and deeply ashamed of my lifelong ambition. I still look forward to a glimpse, when I put away my clothes and die overnight. Sung Hoon's sister died in Wuchang, and she was relieved of her post. Mid-autumn festival to winter, more than 80 days in the official. Because things are going well, Life is called "Back to Xi". B I'm four in November.
Back in Xi, will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? Without remonstrating with the past, you can pursue what you know. Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.
It looks forward to Yu Heng and runs with joy. Servants are welcome and children are waiting for the door. The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room, there will be wine bottles. Lead the pot to think for yourself and make the court happy. Leaning against the south window to send lofty sentiments, judge your knees to be comfortable. Garden Day includes fun, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.
Come back, please rest assured that you will never travel again. The world is against me, what can I ask for? Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that he wanted to do something with Xichou. Or a towel cart, or a boat This is not only a gentle and elegant road to find ravines, but also a rugged road through hills. Wood is thriving and spring is blooming. When everything is fine, I feel that my journey of life is over.
I don't hold grudges anymore! How long does it take to get back into space? Do you want to stay? What does Hu Wei want? Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. When you are pregnant, you can go alone or plant a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. Chatting until the end, Loew's fate is ridiculous!
translate
The family is poor, and farming and mulberry are not enough for their own living. There are many children, there is no food in the rice jar, and everything needed to maintain life has not been solved. Most of my relatives and friends advised me to be an official, and I had the same idea in my heart, but I lacked access to officials. Just in time to catch up with the officials who sent envoys, the local officials took love as their virtue, and my uncle was appointed as the official of the small county because his family was poor (trying to help me).
At that time, the society was in turmoil, and I dared not go to a distant place to be an official. Pengze county was a hundred miles away from home, and the grain harvested by the farm was enough to make wine, so he asked to go there. After a few days, I began to feel homesick. Why is this? Nature is allowed to be natural, which is reluctant; Although hunger and cold are urgent, it is against the original intention to be an official, and it hurts both physically and mentally. In the past, when I was an official, I always treated myself to dinner. So I am disappointed and deeply ashamed of my life wishes.
Wait another year, then pack up and leave overnight. Soon, my sister who married the Cheng family died in Wuchang. She was anxious to be removed from her official position. From the second month of autumn to winter, I worked for over 80 days. I resigned and got my wish, so I wrote an article entitled "Looking Back".
At this time, it was November of the third year of B (the first year of Jin 'an Emperor Yi Xi). Go home! The countryside is going to be deserted, why not go back? Since my mind is enslaved by my body, why am I so depressed and sad alone? Recognize that past mistakes are irreversible and know that there is still time to remedy them in the future. It was probably not long before I went astray and realized that what I did today was right and what I did before was wrong. The boat floated gently on the water, and the breeze blew the clothes. Ask pedestrians the way ahead, but it's too slow in the morning. Just seeing my humble home, I ran over with joy.
The servants greeted me cheerfully, and the children were waiting at the door. The path in the yard is going to be deserted, and pine trees and chrysanthemums are still growing there; I took the children into the house, and the wine bottle was full. I picked up the hip flask and poured it myself, looking at the court tree and showing a happy look; By the south window, I trust my pride and know that this small place is easy to reassure me. Walking in the garden every day (alone) becomes fun, and the door of the small garden is often closed; Walking on crutches, always looking up into the distance.
White clouds naturally float out of the mountain peaks, and tired birds know to fly back to their nests; The sun is dim, and the sun is about to set. I can't bear to leave, and my hands are lonely and loose. Go home! Let me cut off my friends from the outside world. Everything about them doesn't suit my interest. What do you want to pursue when you drive out? Chatting with friends and relatives makes me happy, and playing the piano and reading can make me forget the sorrow; The farmer told me that spring was coming, and he was going to farm in the west. Sometimes driving a tarpaulin car, sometimes rowing a boat, not only to explore deep valleys, but also to walk through rugged hills.
Trees are thriving and springs are flowing slowly. I envy everything in the prosperous season and sigh that life is coming to an end. Forget it! How long can I live in this world? Why not follow one's inclinations and let nature live and die? Why are you unhappy? Where else do you want to go? Wealth is not what I want, and there is no hope of ascending to heaven. I cherish the beautiful scenery, enjoy it alone, and sometimes weed and raise seedlings with rattan. Climbing up the eastern hillside, I screamed at the edge of Qingxi and recited poems; Let's follow the changes of nature and reach the end of life. If you stick to your destiny, there is nothing to hesitate about!
To annotate ...
(1) Farming is not enough for self-sufficiency. Planting: Planting mulberry trees. To: Come. Give: supply. Self-sufficiency: Self-sufficiency.
(2) Innocence is full of room, and there is no millet in the bottle: innocence: refers to children. English: I'm full. Bottle: refers to ceramic containers for rice, such as [bèng] and urn.
(3) Life is what you have, but you haven't seen it: life is what you say to make a living. The former word "sheng" is a verb and the latter word is a noun. Endowment: by virtue. Skills: This refers to the ability to make a living.
(4) Chief: a county official with a higher position. Refers to a small official.
(5) Absence: Casual appearance. Pregnancy: I'm heartbroken.
(6) Road: There is no road.
(7) There will be four things: things that happen to be sent to other places. Yes: it coincides with mine. Sifang: It means going anywhere.
(8) The rulers take care as their virtue: local officials take care of talents as their virtue.
(9) Jia Shu: refers to Tao Kui, that is, Tai Changqing at that time. I: because.
(10) See: Bei.
(1 1) storm: refers to the melee between warlords. Jing: Ping.
(12) fear: fear. Service: service.
(13) Pengze: County name. In today's east of Hukou County, Jiangxi Province. Public field: salary field.
(14) As soon as possible: homesickness. The feeling of going home: the feeling of going back.
(15) Ho: What? Then: the truth.
(16) Qualitative: nature. Correction: People are forced.
(17) cut: urgent. Against yourself: against your heart. Disease: refers to mental pain.
(18) Taste: Once. From personnel: engaged in personnel exchanges in the official career. Refers to an official.
(19) self-help: drive your own car to meet your needs.
(20) disappointment: frustration.
(2 1) Jude: Hesitate. Hope: Wait and see. One barnyard [rūn]: the field gains once. The grain is ripe.
(22) folding clothes: tidy up. Night: starry night. Death: Leave.
(23) Search: Soon. Sister Cheng: Marry the sister of the Cheng family. Wuchang: Sun Yicheng County, Hubei Province.
(24) feelings: the mood of mourning. Now: I like it. Junben: I'm in a hurry to attend the funeral.
(25) Mid-Autumn Festival: August of the lunar calendar.
(26) Matters: Resignation. Shun: smooth. Heart: Wish.
(27) Yisi years old: the first year of Yi Xi, Emperor of Jin 'an.
(28) Go home and come back: it means "go home". Please, auxiliary words, nonsense. Hey, modal particles.
(29) The countryside will be ruined. Hu Bugui: The countryside will be deserted. Why not go back? Weeds and fields were abandoned. Hu, use "he", why.
Since the mind is the form of service, let the mind serve the body. I didn't want to be an official, but in order to avoid hunger and cold, I became an official against my original intention. Heart, will. Shape, shape, refers to the body. Slavery, slavery. That is to say, the actions and behaviors have been completed, so we can solve them once.
(3 1) Xi Melancholy alone: Why sadness and depression. Xi, he, why. A melancholy and depressed look.
(32) Recognizing the past and not remonstrating: Recognizing the past mistakes (pointing out the official position) is irreversible. Protest, protest, dissuade.
(33) Those who know can be traced back: knowing the future (referring to seclusion) is still in time to remedy. Persuade, stop and save. Chase, remedy.
(34) Not far from getting lost: probably not far from getting lost. Get lost, point it out and be an official.
(35) Yes: Correct. True or false: wrong.
(36) The ship is far away [yáng]: The ship floats gently on the water. Far away, swaying, releasing. For decoration, It's embarrassing, flying, to describe the ship's brisk running.
(37) Ask the recruiter for directions: Ask the pedestrians for directions. Husband, pedestrian.
(38) Hate dawn: It's a pity that it's just dawn. Hate: regret. It's dawn and it's dark.
Nejan Yuheng: I just saw my own house. Yes, then, then. Look ahead, see far away. Yu Heng, a house with a crossbar as the door, refers to a simple house. Balance, pass "horizontal". Yu, this refers to the eaves of houses.
(40) Run with joy [à i]: Run with joy.
(4 1) baby: baby.
(42) The three paths are deserted, and the pine chrysanthemums still exist: the path in the yard is going to be deserted, and the pine chrysanthemums are still growing there. Mitsui, Nakahiro II. After Jiang () lived in seclusion in the Han Dynasty, he opened three paths under the bamboo in the yard and had few friends. Later, the Three Classics became synonymous with hermit residence. Almost.
(43) Ying Zun: Full cup.
(44) citation: bring it. Hey [shāng]. Looking at the trees in the yard, I feel very happy. Look sideways. It means "look around" here. Ke, zhi. To: For the sake of. Yi Yan makes this face look happy.
(45) Pride: Entrust a feeling of complacency. Pride means pride in the world.
I am comfortable with my knees: I feel comfortable living in a humble hut. Check, feel. A hut that can only accommodate knees is extremely narrow.
Life in the garden is interesting: it is fun to walk in the garden every day. Get involved, get involved, move towards.
(48) Help the elderly to rest [Qi]: Go out for a walk with crutches and rest anytime and anywhere. Policy, tilt. Help the old and take care of the young. Rest, rest. Rest, swimming, that is, there is no fixed place, walking around to have a rest.
(49) Keep your head straight and look far: always raise your head and look far. Correct. Lift it up. Far away, far away
(50) Clouds come out of the hole unintentionally [show]: Clouds naturally come out of the mountain. Unintentionally. A cave, a mountain with caves, here refers to a mountain peak.
(5 1) Jing Yi [y] Yi Yi will enter: The sun is dim and the sun is about to set. Scenery, sunshine. Mimi has a gloomy face.
(52) Caress loneliness and vagrancy: embrace loneliness and vagrancy. Wander: Wander, wander, wander, wander.
Please stop making friends with others. Means no longer have anything to do with officialdom.
(54) The world is at odds with me, and I can't ask: The world is at odds with what I think, so what can I try to explore? Driving, driving, here refers to driving out to pursue what you want. Words and auxiliaries.
(55) Love words: words of confidence.
(56) Spring and: Spring has arrived.
(57) There must be something in Xichou: farming began in the field of Xichou. Something, refers to farming. Things, here refers to farming. Domain, field.
(58) or life towel car: sometimes called curtain car. A towel cart, a car with curtains. Or, sometimes.
(59) or [Zhao] Rowing: Sometimes rowing a boat. Ba, the original meaning of paddle. Here nouns are used as verbs, meaning to paddle.
(60) Valley search: Go through a deep and tortuous valley. Gentle and graceful, deep and tortuous. Gully gully.
(6 1) is also rugged, crossing hills: crossing rugged mountain roads.
(62) Muwang: lush vegetation. Prosperity, prosperity, refers to the lush growth of vegetation.
(63) trickle: the subtle phenomenon of water flow.
When everything is fine, I feel that my life journey is over: I envy everything in nature and grow luxuriantly in time when spring comes, lamenting that life is coming to an end. Kindness, joy, envy. Take a rest and it will be over soon.
Enough: Forget it! The auxiliary words "one" and "Hu" are used together to strengthen the tone.
How long will you stay in space? How long can you live in this world? Why not obey your own wishes and care about life and death? Morphology and parasitism. Within space, between heaven and earth. Dee, he. Do whatever you want. Whether to stay or not is a matter of life and death.
67. What does Hu Weiwei want? Why are you distracted? Where do you want to go? Wandering, uneasy. Go ahead, go ahead.
(68) The imperial realm cannot be expected: the fairyland cannot be reached. Dixiang, Xianxiang, the place where immortals live. Stop, hope, achieve.
(69) Good times are not lonely: cherish good times and go out alone. Be pregnant, miss, cherish. Its beautiful moment refers to the spring when everything is suitable as mentioned above. Lonely, go out alone.
(70) Or plant a sugarcane to weed: sometimes hold the sugarcane to weed and raise seedlings. Plant, stand and keep. Weeding, weeding. Cultivate soil.
(7 1) Climb the East High [gāo] to ease the noise: climb the east highland and scream loudly, high, high. A long, clear sound made by smacking. Shu, put it on.
(72) Talking about riding to the end: Just let nature take its course and finish the journey of life. Chat: Let me put it this way. Multiplication changes with the operation of nature. The end: Don't rest until you die. To do means to die.
(73) Re-questioning the fate of love: What is there to doubt about the fate of Le 'an? F: There are many more. Doubt: Doubt.
Make an appreciative comment
The language of this article is exquisite. Poetry is mainly composed of six sentences, including three, four, seven and eight-character sentences, which are catchy and melodious. The words "zhi", "one" and "two" in the sentence are soothing and elegant. Sometimes with overlapping words, there is a strong sense of music. For example, "the boat is swaying, the wind is fluttering and blowing clothes" and "Mu Xinxin, spring water begins to flow". Use more antithetical sentences, no matter right or wrong, they are just right. Description is combined with lyricism and discussion, sometimes writing scenery, sometimes lyricism and sometimes discussion, which is scenic, affectionate, rational and interesting.
Creation background
In the first year of Yi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (405), Tao Yuanming abandoned his official position and returned to the field, and wrote "Returning to the Ci". Tao Yuanming became an official at the age of 29 and has been an official for thirteen years. He has always hated officialdom and yearned for the countryside. At the age of 4 1 in the first year of Yixi, he became an official for the last time. After more than 80 days in Pengze County, he resigned and went home. I never came out to be an official again. According to Tao Qian Biography of Song Dynasty and Tao Yuanming Biography of Xiao Tong, Tao Yuanming retired out of dissatisfaction with decadent reality. At that time, the county tour visited Pengze, and officials asked him to greet him with a belt to show his respect. He said angrily, "I don't want to bend over to the children in the village for five buckets of rice!" " "On the same day, I hung up my crown and left my post. I gave the word" come home to Xi "to clarify my thoughts.
In 393, in the 18th year of Taiyuan, Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming offered a state, and in the first year of Yixi, he was appointed as Pengze county magistrate. During these thirteen years, he became an official several times and retired several times. Tao Yuanming had political ambitions, but the political society at that time was extremely dark. In the second year of Emperor Yuan Xing of Jin 'an (403), Huan Xuan, a warlord, usurped Jin and called himself Emperor Chu. In the third year of Yuanxing (404), another warlord, Emperor Wu of Song, set out to beg for Huan and entered Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the first year of Yixi (405), Emperor Wu of Song completely manipulated the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At this time, it was only fifteen years since Huan Xuan usurped Jin. Along with these usurpations, there are countless massacres of dissidents and unjust wars. Tao Yuanming loves freedom by nature, but at that time, the official atmosphere was extremely corrupt, flattering his superiors, arrogant and arrogant, rampant and shameful. An upright scholar had no place in the political society at that time, let alone realize his ideals and ambitions. After thirteen years of twists and turns, Tao Yuanming finally realized this completely. The fundamental opposition between Tao Yuanming's character and political society doomed his ultimate choice-seclusion.
Brief introduction of the author
Tao Yuanming (about 365 ~ 427), with a clear word, changed his name to Qian in his later years, and his word was profound and clear. Mr. Wu Liu, nicknamed Mr. Jingjie, is called Mr. Jingjie. Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. An outstanding poet, lyricist and essayist at the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Liu Song Dynasty. Known as "the Sect of Hermit Poets" and "the originator of pastoral poetry". He is the first literary master in Jiangxi. He served as Jiangzhou Wine Sacrifice, Jianwei Army, Zhenjun, and Pengze County Order, and the last official position was Pengze County Order. He left his post for more than 80 days and retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China, and is known as the "School of Ancient and Modern Hermit Poetry", with a collection of Tao Yuanming.