have a meal
After being seated, the host greeted him and began to eat. Don't overeat when eating. Finish the food on the plate. If it is not enough, you can take it again. If the waiter divides the dishes, if necessary, the waiter will take them when delivering them. If I can't eat or don't like the food, don't refuse it when the waiter serves it or the host takes it. Put a small amount on the plate and say, "Thank you, that's enough." Don't look embarrassed about those bad dishes. Eat gracefully. Shut up and chew, don't drink soup, and don't make any noise when eating. If the soup and vegetables are too hot, wait until they are cold. Don't blow them with your mouth. Don't spit out the fishbones and bones in your mouth directly. Cover your mouth with a napkin and take it out by hand (chopsticks can be used to eat Chinese food), or spit it gently with a fork and put it on the plate. Leftovers and used tableware toothpicks should be put on the plate, not on the table. Don't talk with food in your mouth. Cover your mouth with your hand or napkin when picking your teeth.
Talk to each other
No matter the host, guest or guest, you should talk to the people at the same table, especially the neighbors. Don't talk to only a few acquaintances or only two people. If you don't know your neighbor, you can introduce yourself first.
take a drop
As a guest of honor, when attending a banquet held in a foreign country, you should know each other's toasting habits, that is, why and when to toast, so as to make necessary preparations. When clinking glasses, the host and guest touch first, and many people can raise their glasses at the same time, not necessarily clinking glasses. Be careful not to cross glasses when toasting. When the host and guest make speeches and toasts, they should stop eating and talking, pay attention to listening, and don't take this opportunity to smoke. Stand still while playing the national anthem. After the host and guests talk and clink glasses with the distinguished guests, they usually go to other tables to propose a toast. In this case, they should stand up and raise their glasses. When clinking glasses, greet each other visually. It is friendly and lively to toast each other at the banquet, but remember to drink too much. Drinking too much is easy to get rude, even rude, so I must control it within one-third of my alcohol consumption.
Take off your coat.
In social occasions, no matter how hot the weather is, you can't unbutton your clothes in public. At an informal small dinner party, if the host invites the guest to take off his coat, the male guest can take off his coat and put it on the back of the chair.
tea
If you want to drink tea or coffee, you can add milk and sugar to the cup yourself. After stirring with a small teaspoon, the teaspoon is still put back in the saucer. Usually, milk and sugar are put in different containers. When drinking, hold the cup handle in your right hand and the saucer in your left hand. When drinking coffee, you will add a liquid coffee partner to the coffee. If you don't want to waste it, you can pour a little coffee into the cup with your coffee partner and stir it again. Don't drink the coffee partner's leftovers by mistake.
eat soup
You can't smoke and drink. Scoop the soup from back to front with a spoon, put the bottom of the spoon on the position of the lower lip, and send the soup to the mouth. The angle between the spoon and the mouth is preferably 45 degrees. The upper body leans forward slightly. There is not much soup left in the bowl. You can raise the bowl a little with your fingers. If the soup is in a bowl with a grip, you can drink it directly with the grip.
fruit
When eating pears and apples, don't bite them whole. First cut them into four or six petals with a fruit knife, then peel and core them with a knife, and then eat them with your hands. When peeling, the knife edge goes inward and cuts inward from the outside. Peel the banana first and cut it into small pieces with a knife. Oranges are cut into pieces with a knife, and oranges, lychees and longan can be peeled and eaten. The rest, such as watermelon and pineapple, are generally peeled and cut into pieces, and can be cut into small pieces with a fork when eating.
Hydroponics
At the banquet, when chicken, lobster and fruit are served, sometimes a small water bowl (copper basin, porcelain bowl or crystal glass jar) is served, with rose petals or lemon slices floating on the water for washing hands (someone once mistakenly thought it was a drink and made a joke). When washing, wet your fingers with your hands in turn, rinse them gently, and then dry them with napkins or small towels.
Commemorative items
Some hosts will give each attendee a small souvenir or a flower. At the end of the banquet, the host asked the guests to bring it over. In this case, you can say a word or two of praise to this small gift, but you don't have to express your gratitude seriously. Sometimes, foreign tourists often take away banquet menus as souvenirs, and sometimes ask guests to sign the menus as souvenirs. Don't take away all kinds of entertainment items, including candy, fruit, cigarettes, etc. Unless the owner specially indicates it as a souvenir.
Express gratitude/gratitude
Sometimes, after attending a private banquet, I often send a memo or business card to express my gratitude. Take food from a buffet dinner or cocktail party. When the waiter serves the food, don't rush to get it. Send it to me and get it again. When people around you don't get the first copy, don't rush to get the second copy. Don't stand around the food table, just stand back and let someone else take it.
Use of tableware
Chinese tableware is mainly bowls and chopsticks, while western food is knives, forks and plates. Foreigners are usually invited to eat Chinese food, which is mostly eaten in the west. Chopsticks and knives and forks are set. The use of a knife and fork is to hold a knife in your right hand and a fork in your left hand, cut the food into small pieces and then send it to your mouth with a fork. Europeans don't change hands when using, that is, they hold the fork in their left hand from cutting to feeding. After cutting, the Americans put down the knife and took the fork in their right hand to the food entrance. Take it from outside to inside in the order of knife and fork when eating. After eating each dish, put the knife and fork together on the plate to show that you have finished eating. If you haven't finished eating, put it in a figure of eight or a cross, and the knife edge should be inward. When eating chicken and lobster, the host indicated that you can tear it with your hands, otherwise you can cut the meat with a knife and fork and cut it into small pieces to eat. When cutting meat with bones or hard shells, the fork must firmly hold the meat, and the knife should be cut close to the fork edge to avoid slipping. When cutting vegetables, be careful not to hit the plate too hard and make a noise. Foods that are not easy to fork, or foods that are not easy to fork, can be gently pushed onto the fork with a knife. Eat without a spoon except for soup. Soup is served in a deep plate or a small bowl. When drinking, scoop it up from the inside out with a spoon and put it in your mouth. When you finish eating, you can lift the plate out slightly. Eat fishy food, such as fish, shrimp, game, etc. Add lemon. You can squeeze out the juice by hand and drop it on the food to remove the fishy smell. The basic principle is to hold a knife or spoon in your right hand and a fork in your left. If there are more than two, you should take them from the outermost one in turn. The way to hold a knife and fork is to gently hold the tail end and press the index finger on the handle. The spoon can be held with a pen. If you feel inconvenient, you can change your right hand to hold the fork, but it is impolite to change it frequently. When eating big vegetables, you can fold and cut them with a knife and fork. Soft food can be put on a fork and arranged with a knife.
Encounter an unexpected situation
In the banquet, if something unusual happens due to carelessness, for example, the knife and fork hit the plate too hard and make a noise, or the tableware fell to the ground, or the drink spilled, and so on. You should be calm and don't worry. When the tableware makes a noise, you can gently say "sorry" to your neighbor (or your host). If it is dropped, the waiter can send a set of tableware. Apologize if the wine spills on the neighbor and help dry it; If the other person is a woman, just hand me a clean napkin or handkerchief and dry it yourself.
Share share
Whether vegetarians like it or not, according to research, in ancient times, people shared meat together to share food together. When eating, if it is only plants-vegetables, fruits, etc. He can enjoy it by himself and won't worry about other creatures coming to rob him, so everyone won't get together. Only meat as a staple food will attract many people together. At this point, there is not much difference between human and animal worlds. And as long as there is meat to eat, people will not give in to each other, and everyone will definitely compete with each other, so they will share from sharing. Of course, this is also inseparable from everyone hunting together at that time and sharing the fruits of victory after returning. Therefore, eating meat is an important event for us human groups to sit together and share the fun of life together. After mankind mastered the use of fire, history turned a new page. Man and beast are completely separated. Everyone faces each other in a circle and enjoys eating together. In the long years, people have gradually mastered some skills, cooking techniques have been continuously improved, the means of enjoying food have been continuously increased, and the ways and means of eating have begun to be further understood and improved. This socialization caused by eating has gradually transformed into sharing delicious food, which has become a common form of people's communication and one of the necessary contents of life. People don't just eat to eat. Gourmet parties have become a common way to contact, get together and talk about friendship. This form of eating together has promoted the development of interpersonal relationships. Every time we eat, we share our fun and consolidate our collective life. After dinner, they went back to their respective homes, that is to say, the table and bed began to separate obviously. If anyone is not invited to a family gathering, a family gathering or a village gathering, it is like being expelled from school. Therefore, dinner is not only to understand hunger, but also to prove that you belong to this group, and more importantly, to promote communication between people in the group. No one can make a living just by eating. Everyone needs to get in touch with others, whether they are relatives, friends or business partners. Therefore, ancient festivals were not just about distributing food to hungry people to tide over the difficulties. On the contrary, wealth enables us to hold festivals and parties. Over time, eating together also urges everyone to abide by certain rules. Etiquette has gradually formed into a norm and discipline that everyone must abide by, and the birth of table manners is not difficult to understand. If everyone wants to have the opportunity to share with others in the group, he must also find his own suitable position in this group, that is, he is qualified to share. In a group, there are phenomena of different ages and sexes. We can say that there is no other communication occasion that pays more attention to social status than the specific environment of the dining table. Everyone sitting at the table should properly show the behaviors and practices required by his position and status, so as to be accepted by the society and be called a "civilized" person. It is precisely because of the existence of discipline and rules that it brings stability and security to society. In other words, everyone should act according to the wishes of society and accept the constraints of etiquette. Treat people according to social norms, that is, if he is civilized and polite, he will be accepted by society. Mr. Koenig *(Knigge, 1752 ~ 1796) said in his book Communicating with People that personal expression is not a private matter, but the expression of human nature in social ethics. Etiquette is not an empty rule, but a kind of respect for others and a manifestation of human civilization. Some table manners now mainly come from his theory or the norms and etiquette established in his thoughts. * Keniger Adolph (Friedrich Ludwig) Freiherr von Knigge1010/6 was born in a small town near Hanover, Germany, and17 died in Bremen on May 6, 1996. From 65438 to 0769, he began to study law in G? ttingen. Working in different departments of state organs, especially in the National High Court, provided him with opportunities and conditions to further explore the relationship between people and provided many valuable materials for his writing. He has devoted himself to writing since he was a young man, among which his masterpiece "Communicating with People" (published by 1788) and his novel "A Journey to Brunswick" (1792) have great influence on later generations.
sitting position
For ordinary people, they will pay more attention to the basic etiquette in life, and people will converge in public out of politeness to prevent themselves from showing impoliteness. Then in fact, the static beauty of public places-sitting etiquette is the most test of people, and it can also best reflect temperament and beauty. Correct and standardized etiquette sitting posture requires dignity and elegance, giving people an elegant, steady and natural aesthetic feeling. Sitting, as a kind of etiquette, is divided into beauty, ugliness and elegance. Correct etiquette sitting posture requires "sitting like a bell", that is to say, the person's sitting posture should be as straight as a bell, of course, the end here is straight at the end of the upper body. (1) Sit quietly and sit slowly. Go to your seat, turn around and sit down gently. If the chair is in the wrong position and needs to be moved, you should first move the chair to where you want to sit, and then sit down. It's against social etiquette to move around in a chair. (2) The expression is calm and comfortable (lips are slightly closed, the jaw is miniature, and the face is calm and natural). (3) The shoulders should be flat and relaxed, and the arms should be naturally bent on the legs, or placed on the armchair or sofa armrest, with the palms down. (4) When sitting in a chair, stand up straight and chest out, and the upper body is naturally straight. (5) Knees are naturally close together, legs are upright or placed sideways, and feet are close together or overlap or form a small "V" shape. A man's knees can be separated by one punch or so, and his feet can be slightly stepped or slightly divided to show the beauty of natural freedom, but he can't open his legs and feet at will, which will appear vulgar and arrogant. If you sit up for a long time, your legs can cross and overlap, but pay attention to the recovery of the upper thigh, with your toes down. (6) Sitting in a chair, at least 2/3 of the chair should be filled, and the sofa with a wide seat should be at least 1/2. Don't lean back in the chair for at least 10 minutes after taking a seat. After a long time, you can lean back gently. (7) When speaking, according to the direction of the speaker, turn the knees of the upper body to the speaker and keep the upper body straight, so as not to show inferiority, compliment and please. Pay attention to manners and respect others, but don't lose self-esteem. (8) When leaving the seat, naturally and safely, step back half a step with your right foot, and then stand up. (9) When a woman is seated, if it is a skirt, it is not elegant to slightly close the skirt by hand and then pull the skirt after sitting down. It is polite to sit on the left side of the chair in formal occasions and leave it when you leave your seat. The lady should sit gracefully, quietly and gently, with her legs together, her feet on the left or right at the same time, and her hands folded on her left and right legs. If you are sedentary, you can cross and overlap your legs, but you should pay attention to the recovery of your thighs. The toe down gives people a noble and generous feeling. (10) When men and women need to sit sideways, they should turn their upper body and legs to the same side at the same time, but keep their heads forward. (1 1) As a lady, the choice of sitting position depends on the height of the chair and whether there are handrails and backrest. There are many ways to swing your hands, legs and feet, but it is not advisable to cross your legs or cross your legs. (12) The most suitable way to sit in a restaurant is to sit on the left. When the chair is opened, the body will stand up straight at a distance that almost touches the table. The leader pushes the chair in, and the legs bend and touch the chair behind, so you can sit down. After sitting, sit upright, and your upper body can lean on the back of the chair. Don't put your cheeks or elbows on the table with your hands. Don't often leave the table or move your seat. When eating, your upper arms and back should lean on the back of the chair, and your abdomen should keep a fist distance from the table. It is best to avoid sitting with your feet crossed. (13) Sitting in jeans, sit sideways first, with one foot supporting the body weight and the ankle of the other foot resting on the toe of this foot. You can also sit cross-legged, with your toes up and your hands naturally on your knees. If you sit on the sofa, you don't have to be too restrained, just sit naturally and keep an elegant sitting posture. After sitting, sit upright, but not stiff. Don't put your cheeks or elbows on the table with your hands. Don't tamper with tableware and napkins at will, and avoid some impolite behaviors, such as taking off your coat, tie and sleeves at will; Speak with lively gesticulations, often leave the table, or move your seat; Headrest, yawning, stretching, rubbing eyes, scratching hair, etc.