Monarchs and title editors in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Northern Dynasties and the Northern Qi Dynasty. Posthumous title name and use time.
-Wenmudigao-
Beiqi Gaozu
Emperor SHEN WOO (early Taizu)
(The first emperor offered martial arts) Gao Huan-
Gao Cheng, Sejong Wen Xiang of the Northern Qi Dynasty-
Ancestors of Northern Qi Dynasty
(ancestor)
(Later changed to Wei) Wen Xuandi
(Later changed to Emperor Jinglie) Gao Yang
(Gao Huan's second son) Natural forest protection 550 -559.
-Jinan mourns the king
(Gao Yang's eldest son)
Ganming 559 -560
Su Zong's Filial Piety and Zhao Di's High Performance in Northern Qi Dynasty
(Gao Yang's younger brother, Gao Huan's sixth son) Imperial architecture in 560 years -56 1 year.
Wu Chengdi Gao Zhan, the ancestor of the Northern Qi Dynasty.
(Gao Yang's brother, Gao Huan Jiuzi) Daning
(or Taining) 56 1 year -562 years
Heqing 562 -565
Andy Gao Wei, Queen of Northern Qi Dynasty
(Gao Zhan's eldest son) Tiantong 565 -569
Wuping 570 -576
Longhua in 577
-Gao Yanzong
In 576 AD (formerly King Andrew), Dechang.
Beiqi Shaozhu Peak.
(Gao Wei's eldest son) In 577, Cheng Guang, Hu (5 15-572), whose real name was a Chilean in Shuozhou, China (now northwest Shanxi) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, was a famous soldier in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Hu is not good at riding and shooting, but he is famous for his martial arts. At the age of 65,438+07, he was appreciated by Gao Huan and was appointed as the trusted commander-in-chief of Prince Gao Cheng. At that time, he was nicknamed "Commander-in-Chief of Falling Eagle". In the third year of natural forest protection (552), Hu began to levy blockades, and the pioneers defeated the enemy, with many gains. After the transfer, he was appointed as the secretariat of Jinzhou. Later, he repeatedly attacked and destroyed nomadic tribes around him, made meritorious military service, and moved to Shuozhou as a secretariat. The tenth year of natural forest protection (559) was awarded the special participation and opening ceremony. In the first year of Huang Jian (AD 560), he entered Julu County. In the first month of the third year of Daning (562), the Northern Zhou sent Daxi Chengxing and others to attack Pingyang, and Hu rode 30,000 soldiers and was defeated. He chased around and won more than 2,000 people and was promoted to Stuart. In April, he rode north to beg Turks and won more than a thousand horses. In the same year, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty sent Wei Chijiong and Yu Wenxian, claiming that 100,000 troops attacked Luoyang, and Hu led 50,000 cavalry to break it and won 3,000 heads. Taking the accumulation of death as the concept of Beijing, he was promoted to Qiu, and he was also named the top county magistrate. In the second year of Wuping (57 1), Pu Tunwei, Wei Xiaokuan and others of the Northern Zhou Dynasty led more than 10,000 troops to attack and fought Hu in the north of Fenshui. Hu Luguang broke it, captured more than a thousand, and sealed Zhongshan Gong. Li Hou led 50,000 troops out of Pingyang Road and attacked Yao Xiang and Baiting City, all of which were defeated, except Changle Gong. Later, he defeated the Northern Zhou invasion many times. After the first world war, he thought that soldiers had many merits, but they didn't get any comfort. Instead, he refused to disband the army. Instead, he led the army to March into the main Gaowei station after the Northern Qi Dynasty and asked for a reward. After Gao Wei was forced to agree, he became the left prime minister and did not seal Qinghe County. After Hu entered the court, he often sat behind the curtain of the court. The right servant of Shangshu shot the ancestor god, but he rode by and said angrily, "How dare this man!" The late Zuzan said arrogantly when he was introspecting, Hu happened to pass by. He was very angry when he heard that. The ancestor god knew that he had offended him, so he bribed his servant and asked, "Does Wang Xiang really hate me?" The servant replied, "Since you took office, Wang Xiang has been kneeling and sighing every night, saying,' If the blind enter, the country will be broken!'" "Mutipo, the son of Gao Wei's wet nurse, asked to marry an ordinary woman and was rejected. Gao Wei gave Jinyang's land to Tipo, but Hu refused it in public. So Zu and Mu hate him even more. Wei Xiaokuan, a general of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, was jealous of Hu's heroism, so he spread rumors in the Northern Qi Dynasty. "A hundred liters fly into the blue sky, and the bright moon shines on Chang 'an", and it is said that "the mountain will collapse if it is not pushed, and the oak tree will stand if it is not supported." After listening to this, Zuzan thought it was a good opportunity to bring down Hu, so he continued to write: "The blind man has a big axe on his back, and his mother can't get around his tongue. "Let the children sing on the road. Soon, Mudipo also heard about it. After consulting with her mother, she slandered her late master Gao Wei: "Hulushi is a general of several generations, and its reputation shocked Kansai and influenced Turks. His daughter is a queen and his son is a princess. The rumor is terrible. " Gao Wei didn't believe it at first, but he also became suspicious. Later, he was moved by Zulu's visit, so he recruited Hu into the temple and plotted to assassinate him. When Hu arrived, he was introduced to Liangfengtang and stabbed in the back by Liu. He is 58 years old. Gao Wei, the former master, wrote a letter calling him a traitor, but now he has fallen into law and destroyed the whole family. Xu Xianxiu, secretary of Taiwei Taibao of Beiqi regime. Ming Ying, born in Zhong Yi County, Hengzhou (now northern Hebei), is a young hero, brave and good at fighting, and has repeatedly made meritorious military service. In the third year of Hejing (A.D. 564), he was named King of Wu 'an for his bravery and good fighting. At the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, he first joined Er Zhurong's team. After failing, Er Zhurong returned to Gao Huan, and then he gradually entered the top of the Eastern Wei regime. He died in Jinyang City Mansion in 57 1 year.
Historical sites:
The tomb of Xu Xianxiu in the Northern Qi Dynasty is located in Wangjiafeng Village in the southeast suburb of Taiyuan City. With its important archaeological value and artistic achievements, it was named as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China in 2002 in April 13.
Hundreds of square meters of painted murals in the whole tomb are basically well preserved, magnificent, vivid and colorful as new. Together with the murals of Lou Rui's Tomb and Zhang Wan's Tomb, they are called masterpieces in China's art history, representing the highest level of painting at that time. However, Xu Xianxiu's tomb is different from them in painting style and technique, showing unique artistic charm. The mural pen is concise and quick, the dynamic modeling of the characters is vivid, and the meaning of perspective is faintly visible. It seems that they have mastered the method of sketching and have the essence of sketching, especially for tomb murals. On the rough wall, the pen runs like water, and it is in place without making a draft. It is easy to write and there are almost no traces of modification. The painter's grasp of modeling and control of lines cannot but be amazing. Another feature is that the painter did not use the usual method at that time to describe some decorative patterns, first outlined the outline and then filled in the color, but directly formed with colored pens, which achieved unusual visual effects.
Wang Jiafeng's tomb of Xu Xianxiu in Northern Qi Dynasty contains a lot of historical and cultural information, which is of great value and significance for studying and understanding all aspects of social life in Northern Qi Dynasty, especially cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. The mural of the whole tomb is divided into two parts: the tomb door and the tomb, with a total area of more than 360 square meters. There are more than 200 figures, including eight kinds of horses, ox carts and monsters, as well as various ceremonial weapons, musical instruments and living creatures. The image of an object is as big as the real thing.
Although the ancient tomb was stolen five times and the funerary objects suffered heavy losses, there were still some gratifying gains. First, basically complete tomb murals; Second, a considerable number of low-temperature porcelain; Third, exquisite painted pottery figurines; Fourth, the precious testimony of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries; Fifth, exquisite painting skills; Sixth, the discovery of epitaph provides valuable information for studying the history of the late Northern Dynasties.
Warrior Lan Ling Warrior Lan Ling, one of the great generals of the Northern Qi Dynasty, is a very legendary name. Legend has it that he is very handsome and brave in the three armed forces. He is afraid that the enemy will look down on him when he goes to the battlefield, so he wears a fierce mask and is invincible every time he goes out. The "Lanling Warriors" ensemble handed down from ancient times is also called "Qin Wang Ensemble". According to textual research, its mask is the origin of Tang Dynasty musical and even later Peking Opera masks. There is also a Song Warrior Lan Ling in the epitaph. There are many legends and stories about the warrior Lan Ling, either romantic or brave. Today, I will talk about the warrior Lan Ling in history-Gao Changgong.
At the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties were divided into the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty, both of which were seized by the powerful ministers. Gao Huan was in power in the Eastern Wei Dynasty. Gao Huan passed the throne to his eldest son, Gao Cheng, who was assassinated. His younger brother, Gao Yang, succeeded to the throne, seized the Eastern Wei Dynasty and established the Northern Qi Dynasty. Gao Changgong is Gao Cheng's fourth son. When he was born is not recorded in history. But Gao's family is short-lived. According to records, except Gao Huan, all men could not live past forty, and Gao Changgong died before his brothers. Based on this calculation, he died around the age of 30, that is to say, when his father died, the future soldier Lan Ling was still a child. When Gao Changgong grew up, he was named soldier Lan Ling-a title much louder than his real name.
Gao Huan, the ancestor of the Northern Qi Dynasty, was known as SHEN WOO. During the Western Wei Dynasty, he fought fiercely with Yu Wentai for a long time and gained the upper hand. When the third emperor, Gao Zhan, was in chaos, the country was in great decline. In the past, the Yellow River would freeze every winter. It was the people of the Western Wei Dynasty (later the Northern Zhou Dynasty) who cut the ice to prevent the people of the Eastern Wei Dynasty (that is, the Northern Qi Dynasty) from stepping on the ice and invading. Now it's the turn of Beiqi people to chisel ice every year.
In the first month of 564 AD, the Northern Zhou Dynasty joined forces with the Turks to attack the Northern Qi Dynasty. The soldiers marched directly to Jinyang (at that time, the capital of Northern Qi was in Ye Jun County, but traditionally all the elite soldiers were in Jinyang, and the emperor was always here half the time every year). At that time, it was snowing heavily, and the Northern Qi army, with Duan Shao as the commander in chief, fought back fiercely against Zhou Jun relying on the fortified city and won a great victory. The Turkic army was frightened by the momentum of the Qi army and dared not take part in the battle. Finally, I plundered outside the city and was trapped in heavy snow on the way back, which caused heavy losses. This battle should be the first battle of the warrior Lanling. History book: "Zhou Jun and the Turk Kou Jinyang (warrior Lan Ling) tried their best to attack it". At this time, the soldier Lan Ling was not the commander in chief of the army. But what is certain is that he will emerge in the battle, because he will soon lead the army alone and become a general of the Northern Qi Dynasty.
In December of the same year, Zhou Jun launched another 200,000 troops to attack Qi. The focus of this campaign is Luoyang-Zhou Jun's whole army besieged Luoyang for nearly two months. During the Northern Qi Dynasty, Duan Shao, Hu and Gao Changgong led the troops to save Luoyang. The total strength is about 80 thousand. The Qi army set out from Jinyang and soon arrived at the gates of Luoyang. The two armies met in Mangshan, Luoyang, and fought. At that time, the Qi army seized the hillside highland, Duan Shao was on the left, Hu was on the right, and the warrior Lan Ling led it. At the beginning of the campaign, Zhou Jun took the marching army as the pioneer and stormed forward. The Qi army contracted step by step and retreated to the mountain. When Zhou Jun's front gradually stretched and his momentum began to decline, the elite after Qi Jun's battle began a fierce counterattack from the two wings, and Zhou Jun suddenly failed and collapsed. At this time, the warrior Lan Ling led 500 elite fighters into the enemy line, penetrating many enemy troops and reaching Luoyang at the gates. The defenders in Luoyang city don't know who is coming, and they dare not open the city. The soldier Lan Ling took off his helmet and showed it on his back. The city recognized the warrior Lanling and cheered loudly, so Kaicheng and the reinforcements outside the city jointly attacked Zhou Jun. Under the attack of internal and external forces, hundreds of thousands of troops of Zhou Jun were all defeated and out of control. The battle of Mangshan in Luoyang ended with a great victory in the northern Qi Dynasty. The warrior Lan Ling became famous in the First World War. "One of the songs of the samurai is" The Song of the Warrior Lan Ling Entering the Array. "
In fact, the legendary warrior Lan Ling always wore a mask when he joined the army. I don't think this is true. Because at that time, generals were all dressed up, and helmets could cover most of their faces. It seems unnecessary to wear a mask. For example, Xue Xizheng in the Tang Dynasty, three arrows set Tianshan Mountain, which made him famous at the foot of Tianshan Mountain. Later, when Tiele's ministries rebelled again, Xue came to beg again. The enemy said, "We heard that General Xue was dead!" Xue avoided showing his true colors. When the enemy stepped forward, he saw that it was Xue, and he was shocked for a moment. I can't see clearly without taking off my helmet. However, the legend is so legendary. Imagine: when the warrior Lan Ling took off his fierce mask at the foot of Luoyang, it was unparalleled, with a towering wall in front and an endless army behind him. The wind blows, and that long hair flutters with the wind, beautiful and brave. How fascinating.
In 57 1 year, the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty repeatedly saw each other along the Yellow River in Henan Province, and Zhou Jun captured several cities in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Warriors Lan Ling and Duan Shao jointly led the troops to help. Duan Shao fell ill in the army, and Lanling, who fought bravely with the governor's army, went to Jack and won the siege battles of Cooper and Ding Yang. On the way back to the army, Duan Shao died of illness. The martial arts of Master Lan Ling's life ends here.
As a general, the soldier Lan Ling took good care of his foot soldiers. "Although melons count their fruits, they will be divided with soldiers." He has high prestige in the army. But he later became an official but was famous for his greed for money. Isn't that weird? A Ministry will come and ask him, "Do you want to avoid the emperor?" Sure enough! One day after Mangshan's great victory, the soldier Lan Ling, the emperor asked him: "You only dared to go deep into the enemy's rear with 500 people at that time, wasn't it dangerous?" The soldier Lan Ling said, "Although the family affairs are good, I have no feelings"-I want to defend my home! The emperor immediately changed his face! The warrior Lan Ling, the emperor's cousin, takes the gain and loss of the world as a "family matter". Is he interested in taking the throne? The warrior Lan Ling probably saw the emperor's jealousy. But this recruit can be used by Wang Jian of Qin Dynasty and Xiao He of Han Dynasty, but Gao Changgong can't, because his surname is Gao! As the Ministry will analyze: "The emperor wants to kill you, and your greed for money is an excuse!" The soldier Lan Ling shed tears when he heard the news. He followed the advice of the Ministry. From then on, he said that he was ill and stopped treatment. He's probably lucky to be dead. After a year, the Chen Dynasty in the south of the Yangtze River marched northward, and the warrior Lan Ling was afraid that the court would send himself as a general again. He sighed. "My face was swollen last year. Why didn't I get sick this year?" So sad! He is not afraid to go to the battlefield, but to return home in triumph!
Is it lucky or unlucky for a soldier like Lan Ling to be born in such troubled times? There are many reasons and wars in the world. It's time for the samurai to gallop on the battlefield and make a name for the future. Kites are soaring in the sky, and birds are fluctuating, but when birds occupy the throne, what should the eagle do with itself? Maybe soldiers like soldier Lan Ling should only belong to the battlefield. Soldiers come back from the battlefield, and they want a place to live!
Rao retreated repeatedly, but the emperor spared him. In May 573, the Emperor of Qi sent someone to send poison to the warrior Lan Ling. The wife of Master Lan Ling also went to see the emperor to complain, and Master Lan Ling sighed, "How can I see the light of day!" So I took the medicine and fell ill. Just the year before last, the general Hu, who could shoot an eagle with one bow and swing a thousand miles with one whip, was wiped out by his father, son and brothers.
Four years later, the Northern Qi Dynasty perished and the Gao family was killed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. It's probably lucky that the great warrior Lan Ling didn't live to that time.
Before the warrior Lan Ling died, he burned all the debts owed by others in his family. At the same time, all his hopes and enthusiasm and his brilliant but short life were reduced to ashes.
Before his execution, Li Si, the prime minister of Qin Dynasty, wanted to be an ordinary person and walk out of the East Gate of Shangcai with his son and yellow dog at ease. Before being killed, Lu Ji, a famous Eastern Jin Dynasty star, thought about raising a glass in the wind at the Huating in Songjiang when he was young and listening to the sound of flying cranes in Qingyuan. And the soldier Lan Ling went to the end of his life at the last minute. I don't know how this happened. Is it the moment when he rushed to the enemy's gun like a forest with 500 fighters at the foot of Mangshan Mountain?
Su Shi, the most talented scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem in his later years: Life begins with worry and accomplishment. For Gao Changgong, a natural warrior in Lanling, perhaps the moment when his father put him on horseback and galloped in the turbulent suburb of Jinyang was the beginning of his life troubles.