Analysis of Chen Shaoyou's Life

Chen Shaoyou was born in Boping, Bozhou (now Boping County, Shandong Province). Grandfather Chen Yan, deputy director Tang Anxi; Father, it was Cao's right guard who joined the army. Chen Shaoyou was clever and articulate since childhood. Studying Zhuangzi, Liezi, Laozi and other books, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Chongxuan Museum during the years, and was promoted to "give lectures" by Confucian scholars in the museum, giving lectures and answering questions at regular lectures held in the museum. Some people in the same column secretly prepared many difficult questions, such as "it is difficult to ask each other the next day." On the day of "sitting on the ground", Chen Shaoyou's "sound and rhyme are clear", and his answer is like a spring. His words are all quoted, and "seeking for more than poverty" is full of admiration. Chen Xilie, a contemporary college student, appreciates him very much. Because of the same surname, they "know each other very well." Later, the imperial examination, "Zhuo Di", was supplemented by the county magistrate of Nanping County (now Banan District, Chongqing). As a result, Chen Shaoyou entered the official career. When he was appointed as the county magistrate of Nanping, his wisdom as a student was transformed into good governance, and he was smart and capable, which was quite praised by people at that time. However, it didn't take long for Chen Shaoyou to join the ranks of corrupt officials in the officialdom of the landlord class, and his shrewdness changed into "being good at coping with emergencies". He played politics, embezzled and accepted bribes, "accumulated wealth and goods, and made a fortune, so he moved frequently." From Tang Suzong to Dezhong (756-758), he moved to Dali and served as director, supervisor, judge and judge.

In the first year of Baoying (762), he served as Foreign Minister of the Ministry of Finance. Soon after, he was awarded the position of imperial adviser and returned to Uygur as an ambassador and proofreader of food and materials. In the second year, Pugu Wynn was appointed as the deputy marshal of the Ministry of War in Hebei Province, and concurrently served as an imperial advisor. Later, it moved to Jinzhou (now Linfen, Shanxi) and Zhengzhou (now Henan). Soon, Li Baoyu, the festival ambassador of Lu Ze (now Yangcheng and Changzhi County), played, and asked Chen Shaoyou to be the deputy ambassador of the festival. Chen Shaoyou was appointed to stay behind Chen (Huaiyang, Henan) and Zheng Erzhou. Chen Shaoyou has not been an official for a long time, and his post has also moved to many places. Every time he changes jobs, he tries to give generously, and then draws some money from the search to make friends with powerful people, so that he can move to the official position. His official characteristics are six words: accepting money, bribing and moving officials. In this cycle, the bigger the official, the more greedy the money.

In the second year of Yongtai (766), Chen Shaoyou was appointed as the secretariat of Guangxi (now Guangxi) and the secretariat of Guangxi Guan. Although the official position is not low, Guizhou is located in a remote place. Chen Shaoyou is "unwilling to go to a distant place and move to the town" and hopes to change another official position. So Chen Shaoyou skillfully used his old trick and continued to pay bribes in order to change his residence. Cunning Chen Shaoyou saw that Dong Xiu, the eunuch of North Korea, was in charge of the important affairs of the DPRK, so he tried to make friends with Dong Xiu. Chen Shaoyou visited Dong Xiu's residence and lived near Dong Xiu's residence. When Dong Xiu came home from work, he met Dong Xiu in the evening.

As soon as Chen Shaoyou saw Dong Xiu, he put on airs and respectfully asked about Dong Xiu's life story, called Dong Xiu "air billow (ranked seventh)" and flattered Dong Xiu with vulgar language: "What's the number of air billow's house? What is the monthly fee? " Dong Xiu thanked him: "I have endured my recent work for a long time. My family was very tired, and it was expensive at that time. It costs more than 1000 yuan a month. " Seeing the heavy burden on Dong Xiu's family, Chen Shaoyou took the opportunity to say: "At this rate, the salary is not enough for a few days, and the rest often need help from outsiders. If a person loses sincerity and pays a hundred million yuan, but be careful to cover it up, because it is easy to help. Although it is incompetent to travel less, please pay for air billow and donate 50,000 yuan every year. Please accept more than half (cash) today. I will continue to send it to the official. " Chen Shaoyou's salary is much lower than that of Dong Xiu, and he freely promised to contribute 50,000 yuan per year, which is equivalent to five times Dong Xiu's annual income, and he can immediately deliver half of the cash. How can there be so much money if it is not corruption? Dong Xiulian dare not think. After hearing this, Chen Shaoyou greatly exceeded his original wish and was very happy. Therefore, he and Chen Shaoyou had an intersection. Chen Shaoyou immediately said with tears: "There are boils in Lingnan, so I'm afraid I won't live to see the color. So when I went to Lingnan this time, I was really worried that I couldn't come back. " Dong Xiu listened, understood, and expressed his willingness to come to their senses. He said, "You are a fair and talented person. Please treat me less." Chen Shaoyou is full of joy. Afraid of Dong Xiu's weak strength, he secretly gave it to Yuan Zai, the minister of the North Korean regime, and gave it to his son Wu, and promised to "give it to Yuan Zai every year". In this way, Yuan Zai cooperated with Dong Xiu inside and outside. Within a few days, Chen Shaoyou changed to worship Xuanzhou (now Xuanzhou, Anhui Province) as a secretariat, and Xuan, Yu and Chi all practiced and observed.

In the fifth year of Tang Daizong Dali, Chen Shaoyou was promoted to the governor of Yangzhou Doudufu, and the observation of Huainan Road made the doctor named Qing Guanglu and named him the founding son of Yingchuan County. Wherever Chen Shaoyou went, he was "careful and restrained" to appease the local people, and then he played politics. "Let a few officials take care of it, be kind and trivial, and get a small official position." Junior officials worked for him, and at the same time, he used his power to try his best to enrich himself. At that time, Xuanzhou (Xuancheng, Anhui Province), Yuezhou (Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) and Yangzhou were all rich places in the southeast and also famous rich states in China. After the Anshi Rebellion, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in the north, the buffer region became a soldier, disobeying the orders of the central authorities and ignoring reason. The central government has to rely on the vast areas of Jianghuai and Jiangnan, among which the Southeast Eighth Route: Xuanwei, Fujian, East Zhejiang, West Zhejiang, Huainan, Jiangxi, Hunan and Jiangdong are the main pillars of national wealth. Under the protection of Dong Xiu and Yuan Zhen, Chen Shaoyou has been working in this field. "For more than ten years, the three generals and great princes are all in the world." Chen Shaoyou occupies this treasure land, "soliciting business, no empty days, accumulating wealth, accumulating 100 million." Every year, in addition to abiding by the agreement, Dong Xiu and Yuan Zai were given "50,000 kronor" and "100,000 kronor" respectively, and "more bribes were paid to dignitaries", so the goods were shipped widely. Everywhere I go, I use bribes to open the way, and I use money to protect my position. After a long time, I look down on those who lead an honest and clean life. "Look at those elegant and clean ones. It's a shame." He greedily devoured the people's fat and paste, and became a god of wealth with a huge sum of money around his waist in ten years. Chen Shaoyou earned enough money in the southeast, but his greed has not been curbed. Instead, it began to pursue a new cycle of promotion and wealth. Self-desire is constantly expanding, and its ambition is constantly exposed. His tentacles further extended to the harem to explore the emperor. In addition to bribing eunuch Dong Xiu, he also "bribed officials such as Luo Fengxian, Liu Qingtan and Wu Chenggan. , because bel canto is forbidden in China ",was introduced to the emperor's ears. Chen Shaoyou learned from the eunuch's eyes and ears that Yuan Zai, the prime minister, was gradually suspected by the emperor, so Chen Shaoyou alienated Yuan Zai. Yuan Zai's son, Yuan Bo, and the demoted official went to Yangzhou. Chen Shaoyou happened to be in Yangzhou at this time, but he took the opportunity to play two-faced. "yang is good" and "the outside world makes friends with him, while yin makes people care about his mistakes, which is more confidential." Tang Daizong received a secret telegram from Chen Shaoyou, thinking that he was loyal and "treated him well".

Tang Dezong ascended the throne, and in the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of China (780), the court was short of funds and the financial situation was very difficult. After learning this information through eunuchs, Chen Shaoyou took the opportunity to curry favor with him and invited him to visit Huainan, where he governed. "The tax money will increase by 200 yuan, and the salt bucket will increase by 100 yuan." Originally, after the Anshi Rebellion, taxes to the south of Jianghuai were very heavy. Yuan Zai once ignored the life and death of the people. During the Anshi Rebellion, he collected an eight-year tax that was out of control and missed. Jiangnan groaned and complained bitterly. Now the tax is increased at the rate of 20%, and the price of salt has soared, which has deepened the hardships of the broad masses of people. Chen Shaoyou's self-interest is not counted, but he also viciously offered a new tax system and a new salt law to the rulers, which fully exposed his vicious face of corrupt officials who only care about their own promotion and wealth. The imperial court was really grateful to receive Chen Shaoyou's lecture. According to Chen Shaoyou's proposal, the education department also asked Tang Dezong for approval, and implemented it nationwide according to Chen Shaoyou's tax increase and salt price. "Please increase in all aspects." When we were in Ziqing, we were "rejected" by Li Na and transferred troops to revolt. Chen Shaoyou set out to discuss and recover Xu (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province), Hai (now Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province) and other States, and then led the troops to retreat (now Shexian East, Anhui Province).

As a result, Chen Shaoyou gained more trust from Tang Dezong. He also checked the left servant of Shangshu and gave a strong seal to 300 families. After three years of construction, the promotion of officials is a matter of a book. At that time, the broadcasters in North Korea and Qilu were old friends of Chen Shaoyou, and Chen Shaoyou was good at making friends with them, so his rank rose sharply. However, Chen Shaoyou is a nurse and a mother. He is constantly pursuing profits. Once there is no profit, even the emperor Lao Tzu will not buy it. Four years after the founding of Tang Dezong, the rebellion in the buffer region intensified, which led to the "Jingyuan mutiny" and forced Tang Dezong to woo (now Xi 'an Gan County). At this time, Du Zhi's subordinate officials made a guarantee in Yangzhou, holding about 8 million yuan in newly collected tax money and silk in the southeast. Someone disclosed this economic information to Chen Shaoyou. Chen Shaoyou is greedy and politically short-sighted. He believes that "the thief took his property after he got it back from the capital."

Chen Shaoyou first sent a judge (Ping and Ping) to see Bao, asked for a tax book, and offered to lend two million yuan to help the army. Bao Yi disagreed and replied, "All the money used should be paid." The implication is that no one can tamper with the state treasury without the emperor's order. Cui Jing flew into a rage and threatened Baoqi: "You are good to Liu Changqing, but not to Cui Zhong!" Liu Changqing, a former transshipment envoy, and Bao Bao were both tax transshipment envoys, and Wu Zhongru, a vassal general, returned to him. Cui Zhong was mean and embezzled when transferring property to the army, and was killed by Li Guangbi. Baoqi was so scared that she couldn't keep going. She went directly to Chen Shaoyou, trying to explain the truth and dissuade him, but Chen Shaoyou ignored him. "So he learned that the money had been robbed by Shaoyou." Fearing for his life, Bowie fled to Baisha (now Yangzhou East, Jiangsu Province). By the time Chen Shaoyou sent someone to chase him, Bao Yi had fled to the other side of the river, and his wife was hiding in the box to avoid suffering. Bao Huan's 3,000 soldiers who specialize in guarding the goods were all taken by Chen Shaoyou. In this way, Chen Shaoyou swallowed up the rich of 8 million yuan. On the way to flee for life, Baoqi wrote a play table, telling the story of Chen Shaoyou plundering goods, sealing them with wax pills, and sending his client to Tang Dezong to play Tang Dezong.

At that time, Tang Dezong was in exile, which was difficult to control. In order to stabilize Chen Shaoyou, Tang Dezong deliberately said, Tao; "Travel less to defend the country and take (package) the wealth of the country to prevent it from stealing. There is no harm! " When Chen Shaoyou got the news, he was "full of confidence" and thought that he had long planned. He continued to make a fortune in the southeast, robbing people and goods and extorting money to fill the huge gap of animal desire that he could never fill. Four years after the capital was established, the war between the Tang government and local warlords reached an unprecedented climax. Ziqing Town and Li Xilie joined forces with Lina and Huaixi Town to advance to the southeast canal, forcing the Tang government to divert water transportation. In October this year, Chang 'an, Zhu Ju proclaimed himself emperor. In December, Li Xilie conquered Bianzhou (now Kaifeng) and became emperor on his own. The Tang government lost control of the canal, the water transportation was interrupted, the material supply was in a dead end, and the Tang government was in jeopardy. Faced with the sudden change of the situation, Chen Shaoyou was armed to the teeth and occupied the gate of Yangzhou, an important export of southeast wealth. His first consideration is not how to stop the war and calm the war disaster, but how to worry about his future security and property gains and losses, from greed to fear of death. When Li Xilie "said that he would attack the Jianghuai region, fearing to swim less", he flatly adopted the attitude of betraying the Tang government. Chen Shaoyou sent staff to send money to Li Xilie from Shouzhou (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province), indicating that Shouzhou, Shu (now Anqing City, Anhui Province), Lu (now Hefei City), Hao (now Bengbu City, Anhui Province) and other places have received orders to prepare for deployment. Chen Shaoyou sent another governor, shēn, to Yunzhou (now Yuncheng, Shandong Province) with the goods, and made good relations with Li Na. Li Xilie established himself as emperor, and after receiving Chen Shaoyou's surrender, he immediately pardoned and surrendered as emperor, and appointed Chen Shaoyou as his original post.

In the first year of Xingyuan in Tang Dezong (784), the situation changed again. Li Sheng, the general of the Tang Dynasty, regained the capital Chang 'an. 1 1 month, Liu QIA repelled Li Xilie and recaptured Bianzhou. The town navy made Han Wei (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) escort a large amount of grain transportation materials to Beijing, and the Tang government weathered a dangerous storm, and the situation gradually eased. At this time, Chen Shaoyou, who is good at observing the wind direction and steering, is at both ends of the first mouse. He heard that Han Kun lost "Gong Mi" and went to Beijing. He also collected people and sent "200,000 people from Gongmi" to the capital to help Julian Waghann put down the rebellion and try to protect his position. At this time, Bao Huan went to the DPRK and personally presented Tang Dezong with the story of Chen Shaoyou grabbing wealth. The cunning Chen Shaoyou also denied it on the table, saying that all the goods he took were for the urgent needs of the army, which was urgently needed at that time to pacify the war, and now he is willing to repay them in full. At that time, the southeast region was in a state of "broken state capital" and the economy was depressed because of the war in the buffer region, and the local finance was simply unable to repay the "eight million" money, grain and silk materials.

However, in order to protect officials, protect positions and protect Paul, Chen Shaoyou kept the huge assets he plundered, but "together with concerned officials, he tried every means to impose heavy taxes on the people in charge." Trying to repay his huge wealth swallowed up by heavy taxes and taxes in his jurisdiction. Once again, Chen Shaoyou ignored people's lives and shifted the burden to the people. "All people suffer", and all people hate him. Numerous historical facts have proved that anyone who plays politics cannot succeed forever. Chen Shaoyou made up for the loss of plundered materials by paying heavy taxes, and new problems were exposed. It was revealed that he betrayed the court, surrendered to the rebels Li Xilie and Li Na, and sent the seized evidence to the court. Among them, the most powerful evidence is that after the defeat of Li Xilie and the recovery of Bianjing, Li Xilie proclaimed himself the emperor in the pseudo "Ju Ju Zhu", which recorded the terms of Chen Shaoyou's daily report. Hard evidence is like a mountain. Chen Shaoyou can't deny it, but he is anxious and afraid. "He fell ill in shame and died a few days later", ending a shameful life.