According to the old custom, the Spring Festival begins at 0: 00 on the first day of the first lunar month. In all parts of Shandong, parents usually get up first to "hand out paper" and put a fire whip before opening the door before speaking. Men worship the god of heaven and earth under the guidance of their parents. The first meal of the Spring Festival is jiaozi. When cooking jiaozi, set off firecrackers. In order to drive away evil and seek good luck, jiaozi is cooked with sesame stalks in some areas, which means that the new year is like sesame blossoms and the days are getting better and better. Jiaozi has to cook more, which is definitely more than enough. After dinner, steamed bread should be put in the pot, which means more than enough. Jiaozi cooked, first hold a bowl of respect for heaven and earth, and then hold a bowl of respect for the kitchen god. When eating, in addition to one bowl per person, one or two bowls should be served in order to prosper the population. Eating jiaozi is full of festive atmosphere.
During the Spring Festival, jiaozi is full of money, dates, chestnuts and so on. Eating red dates means getting up early in the new year and trying to get rich; Eating chestnuts means that you can make great efforts and sweat in the new year; Eating peanuts can prolong life; If you eat money, you can get rich. No matter who eats one of them, everyone sincerely congratulates. If the child gets the money, the parents will be happier. They think the child has a bright future. In addition to encouragement, they should also be rewarded with money to show their congratulations. Many places eat vegetarian stuffing in jiaozi on the first day of the first month, which means "a quiet year". In Linqing, we eat all kinds of buns, jujube cakes, sticky nests and so on. Breakfast on the first day of junior high school, supplemented by various balls, vermicelli and Chinese cabbage, is called "eating all the year round".
The custom of greeting the New Year during the Spring Festival has a long history and is still enduring. First, the family pays New Year greetings. In a family, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders and the peers pay New Year greetings to each other. Later, the New Year greetings were for elders who did not take five clothes. Finally, I paid a long visit to Five Blessingg's elders, relatives and friends to pay New Year greetings. In the past, I had to kowtow to pay a New Year call, but now I usually just say hello. Businessmen should not only say hello, but also congratulate each other on their wealth. The younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders, and the elders give them lucky money. On the first day of Linqing New Year's Day, men and women are married to attend New Year's greetings. Men and women are separated, and they worship their elders first, and then all the elders in the family. This is called "New Year greetings from family".
Later, the patriarch led them to worship the gods in temples and ancestral halls with different surnames, which was called "Year of Worship to the Village". Finally, the village head commanded the whole village to worship each other at the crossroads in the village to settle disputes and grievances in previous years. This year was called "Worship for Unity". Yuncheng and other places have the custom of "begging for a long time during the Spring Festival". After getting up, the children silently embraced Ailanthus altissima and sang "King Ailanthus altissima, you grow thick and I grow long, you grow thick and make materials, and I grow clothes". Zoucheng, on the other hand, has a special custom of tamping rat holes. The first morning, he pounded the mouse hole with a flour stick and said, "Poke, poke, poke, nine of the ten mice are blind, and one is not blind, so I will poke" to ensure food security.
There are many taboos in the first grade, and the places are similar. In Junan, it is forbidden to push the mill (it was closed years ago, and it was only allowed to be used on the fifth day of the fifth year), to carry water, to sweep the floor, and to hit people and swear. Linyi, on the other hand, avoids spending money, including jiaozi, eating meat and mashing garlic. Yiyuan Garden doesn't light on the first night. It is said that if you light a lamp, rats will be overrun. Breaking things on the first day is the most taboo in Jiaodong. In case you break something, you should take the chess piece, don't look back, don't talk, go straight to the well and throw the chess piece into the well, otherwise you will be the "main murderer". In some places, after breaking utensils, read the auspicious words of "Peace through the years" to crack them. On the first day of cooking jiaozi, you can't say "broken" when it is broken, but "earned". When I ate garlic at the same time in jiaozi during the Spring Festival, I changed my name to "Yihe Cuisine" because it was homophonic with "three".
Regional Customs The customs in southwest Shandong are chickens, ducks and geese. I couldn't let it out the first morning. Some people go around for a day, or at least half a day, afraid of disturbing the New Year (because firecrackers are everywhere, poultry will be scared to fly around). Other domestic animals, such as cattle, horses, dogs, cats, etc. Receive preferential treatment. Some eat jiaozi, others chew meat and bones. Some people feed their animals with whole grains. When the animals are full, they sweep their heads with a broom, indicating a bumper harvest of this kind of food. On the morning of the first day of Jimo, chickens are fed every other year. It is said that a chicken can lay an egg by eating a grain of rice, and all kinds of food are for dogs. It is said that what dogs eat first is bound to have a bumper harvest.
On the first morning, there were some special activities in Longkou and Penglai in Jiaodong. First, taking pictures is a waste. As soon as she got up, the hostess held a red candle, opened the kang mat to take pictures, and then photographed all corners, which meant to drive away darkness and all evils and vices with light. The second is to press the windowsill, and put all kinds of flour noodles on the windowsill on the morning of New Year's Day, which is very beautiful. The third is "swinging". As soon as the child got up, he climbed the latch and played three swings according to the instructions of his parents years ago. It is said that this can grow fast.
The fourth is to put money in a jar and throw some coins into the jar. It is said that if you put money in a jar, there will be no drought for a year, and there will be more money when you harvest. The fifth is to throw insects (dragons). On the first morning, the hostess must first put the worms steamed with flour years ago into the grain depot and noodle jar. Sheng is the homonym of surplus, and throwing sheng bug means "surplus". In Nanyang Town, Weishan County, which is located in the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, on the first day of New Year's Day, children took to the streets with lanterns, jumping and cheering and singing auspicious songs, commonly known as "receiving and sending". There are many auspicious songs sung by children: "Get rich! Fat! Buy land! Build a house! " , "This year is a good year! Row a big boat next year! Pack red dates, go down to Jiangnan, pack one, unload 10 thousand, sweep the warehouse and sweep 800 loads! " , "From! Come here. Yuanbao is going home! "
Laiwu and other places have the custom of sending their families home on the first day. People go to graves, burn paper, shoot guns, kowtow and send their ancestors back to their graves. After returning home, I put away my genealogy, and the ancestor worship ceremony of the Spring Festival was over. However, some areas are the second day of school, and some areas are the third day, which is different from place to place.
Visiting relatives is an important activity in the Spring Festival. The order of visiting relatives varies from place to place. Linqing is: the second day, my aunt's house, my newly married sister's house, and my grandson's home; On the third day, I worshipped my father-in-law, commonly known as "leaving my husband's family"; The fourth day, menstruation and distant relatives. In eastern Jiaodong and Laiwu, the second day of junior high school, unmarried young men and women can visit their grandparents instead of their parents.
During the Spring Festival, family members should bring some gifts. The gift given by the newly-married son-in-law to his father-in-law is very particular. Laiwu is generally four-color, six-color, and some even eight-color and ten-color. The four colors are wine, meat, cake, steamed stuffed bun, chicken, fish, sausage, canned food, dried noodles and fried dough sticks. In addition, cigarettes and candy bars are essential, but they are not the same color. Bring two chickens, two fish, and all kinds of gifts, all in even numbers, and avoid being singular. Jimo pays New Year greetings to his parents-in-law on the third or fourth day, but he can't go to the fifth day. As the saying goes, "worship four, not five, and worship five to death."
The order of Lacey's relatives is "seeing her aunt first, then her uncle, and her parents-in-law later". The Yue family should be enthusiastic about their children, especially the newly-married children. At banquets in Laiwu and other places, besides chicken, fish, meat and eggs, there are generally "four tops and four", that is, four fruit plates, four fried plates, four small bowls, four large bowls and four large plates. Accompanying guests should take turns toasting the children. Yue's family gave his uncle a big bun and a big cake of about 10 Jin in return.
In the first year, the new wife in Jiaodong will visit her husband's grandparents' house, which is called "taking root". It is said that when she arrives at her grandparents' house, she can take root, and there will be no divorce and early widowhood. When taking root, grandpa, uncle, menstruation, etc. Give the bride lucky money. Newly-married couples in southwest Shandong usually string relatives on two days, indicating that they are lucky in pairs. In the old days, Linqing generally did not string relatives before the fifteenth day of the first month, but could string relatives after the fifteenth.
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