The Xi'an Incident, also known as the "Double Twelve Incident". On December 12, 1936, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a "military remonstrance" in Xi'an in order to persuade Chiang Kai-shek to change the established national policy of "reconciling the internal situation before resisting foreign aggression", stop the civil war, and unite with the goal of resisting Japan.
On December 12, 1936, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a military revolt in Xi'an, forcing Chiang Kai-shek to end the civil war and unite to resist Japan. This was the Xi'an Incident, also known as the Double Twelve Incident.
The occurrence of the Xi'an Incident and its peaceful resolution finally ended the civil war, achieved domestic peace, promoted the re-cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front, and achieved the final outcome of the Anti-Japanese War. victory. Therefore, December 12th every year is designated as the anniversary of the Xi'an Incident.
Inspired by the Communist Party of China's anti-Japanese national united front policy, the patriotic generals Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng reconciled and ceased war with the Red Army, asking Chiang Kai-shek to unite with the Japanese to resist Japan. In 1935, Chiang Kai-shek transferred Zhang Xueliang to Shaanxi to "suppress the Communist Party." On the battlefield, nearly three elite divisions of the Northeast Army were wiped out and suffered heavy losses. Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to cancel the designations of these three divisions.
The Communist Party of China put forward the national salvation slogans of "The Chinese will not fight the Chinese" and "Fight the people back home", which were deeply welcomed by the lower-level officers and soldiers of the Northeast Army. They voluntarily stopped fighting the Red Army and celebrated with the Red Army. In December 1936, Chiang Kai-shek went to Xi'an and threatened Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to implement the "suppression of ***" plan.
Zhang Yang repeatedly persuaded Chiang Kai-shek to stop the civil war and unite with the Japanese to resist Japan, but he was always reprimanded unreasonably. They detained Chiang Kai-shek on the 12th and carried out "military remonstrance" to force Chiang to resist Japan. This was the Xi'an Incident that shocked China and foreign countries, also known as the "Double Twelve Incident".
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Historical significance:
The Xi'an Incident and its peaceful resolution occupy an important historical position in the development of Chinese society and played a role in the development of Chinese society. Irreplaceable role.
Its occurrence and peaceful resolution basically ended the ten-year civil war, began the second cooperation between the two parties of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and a new stage of unified resistance against Japan, and promoted the formation of the Anti-Japanese National United Front. The establishment of the Anti-Japanese War greatly inspired the Chinese people's anti-Japanese enthusiasm, laid the foundation for the entire nation's anti-Japanese war, became a turning point from the civil war to the anti-Japanese national war, and became a hub for the change of the current situation.
It was a turning point in the change of contradictions in Chinese society. The national contradiction between China and Japan became the main contradiction in Chinese society, and China entered a state of war with Japan ahead of schedule. It was a turning point for China from civil war to the Anti-Japanese War, a turning point for China from division to reunification, and a turning point for Chinese social politics from autocracy to gradual democracy. This series of turning points laid the foundation for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.
At the same time, the Communist Party of China has gained the opportunity to legally survive, recuperate, and grow, opening up prospects for the development and growth of the revolutionary force of the Chinese people led by the Communist Party of China and establishing the The leadership and core position of the Communist Party of China in the development of Chinese society. Just after the Xi'an Incident, Mao Zedong said at a meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: "We actually obtained a leadership position in the Xi'an Incident."
Baidu Encyclopedia-Xi’an Incident