Reasons: ① The completion of the first five-year plan laid a preliminary foundation for industrialization. ② The Great Leap Forward Movement directly promoted the growth of industrial national income. (4 points)
1960- 196 1 year shows a downward trend. (2 points)
Reason: In view of the imbalance of national economy caused by the Great Leap Forward, the CPC Central Committee began to implement the eight-character policy and adjust industries. (2 points)
(2) From 1976 to 1987. (2 points)
Reason: All work is centered on economic construction and reform and opening up are implemented. (2 points)
(3) Enlightenment: Economic policies should follow objective economic laws. (or the adjustment of production relations and the formulation of policies should be adapted to the level of productivity) (2 points)
Test analysis: (1) 1956 The socialist transformation of private ownership of the means of production in China has basically been completed, and the basic socialist system has been established. At the same time, 1957 successfully completed the first five-year plan and began to enter a new era of building socialism in an all-round way. The socialist revolution and construction can be described as a great victory. The Great Leap Forward Movement pursues the high speed of production development, aiming at achieving the high index of industrial and agricultural production. The output of major industrial and agricultural products is required to increase several times or even dozens of times. The Great Leap Forward movement pursued large-scale construction and put forward various slogans of "doing great things" and "doing special things" by the whole party and the whole people.
1960 proposed that we should keep the Great Leap Forward for a long time, continue to demand that industrial and agricultural production reach unrealistic high goals, or unfairly criticize the goal of 1959' s compression in the first half of the year, blindly emphasize the opposition to Right Deviation, and put all our energy into it. In the case of food shortage in various places, we will continue to increase infrastructure investment and infrastructure projects, and the annual output of steel should not be less than one ton. High indicators, blind command and boasting are rampant again. The three-year "Left" deviation from the Great Leap Forward in 1958 led to a great imbalance in the proportion of the national economy and caused serious economic difficulties. /kloc-in the winter of 0/960, the CPC Central Committee began to correct the "Left" mistakes in rural work, and the "Great Leap Forward" movement was also stopped. 1962 After the 7000-member conference, the experience and lessons of the Great Leap Forward were preliminarily summarized and a comprehensive national economic adjustment was started.
(2) After the Cultural Revolution, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee summed up the experience and lessons of economic construction since the founding of the People's Republic of China, resolutely abandoned the "Left" wrong policy centered on class struggle, comprehensively corrected the "Left" wrong during and before the "Cultural Revolution", and shifted the focus of the whole party's work to the strategic decision of socialist modernization. To implement the grand strategy of reform and opening up and take economic development as an important task.
(3) Economic construction must proceed from China's national conditions, seek truth from facts and act according to objective laws. We must put the development of social productive forces in the first place and persist in taking economic construction as the center.