Emperor Gaozu-Liu Bang
Date of birth: 59th year of Zhou Nanwang (256th BC).
Sacrifice Day: April 25th, Gaozu 12 (formerly 195).
Gender: male
Height: 7 feet 8 inches, about 1.78 meters today.
The founding emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. Pei County, Qinshui County (now Pei County, Jiangsu Province). He proclaimed himself emperor in 202 BC and reigned for seven years. He is posthumous title of Taizu Gaozong. After his death, he was buried in Changling, Shaanxi.
★ Peasant Uprising in the Late Qin Dynasty
Gaudi was born in a peasant family and worked as a curator in his early years. He was generous and unproductive. He once worked in Xianyang (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi). At the end of Qin Dynasty, he was the curator of Surabaya Pavilion in Pei County. Send criminals from this county to Lishan (now southeast of Lintong). Because some criminals fled one after another on the way, they released the rest and hid in mangshi and Dangshanze (now northeast of Yongcheng, Henan).
In July of the first year of Qin Ershi (209 BC), Chen Guang set out to attack Qin. In September of that year, with the support of Xiao He and Cao Can, they gathered in Peixian County to fight against the State of Qin, called Pei Gong, and gathered 3,000 soldiers. In April of the following year, he joined Xiang Liang and won many battles with Xiang Yu. After Xiang Liang's death, Liu Bang was appointed as the marquis of Wu 'an and the party and county magistrate. In September, Chen Sheng and Xiang Liang were ordered to retreat and attack Qin in the west. Only a few thousand people set out from Dangxian, fought for half a year, and the number of soldiers began to exceed 10 thousand. In July of three years, he attacked Vanke City (now Nanyang). After that, he continued to attack and caress, and successfully advanced to Bashang (now southeast of Xi 'an). In October of the first year of Hanwang (206 BC), he entered Xianyang to destroy Qin (see the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty). When Xiang Yu led the Rebel Army and Qin Jun in a decisive battle against Julu, Liu Bang was sent by (Xiong Xin) and led his troops into Guanzhong. Forced landing in Wancheng, captured Wuguan, and proclaimed himself emperor in 206 BC 10. Zi Ying, the king of Qin, surrendered and the Qin Dynasty perished. Liu Bang abolished the harsh laws of Qin, and reached an agreement with the elders in Guanzhong: "The murderer dies, and the wounded steal to apologize", and divided his troops to guard the pass, hoping to be the king of Guanzhong. Therefore, it is welcomed by the people.
Achievements in office
After Liu Bang ascended the throne, he took many important measures, such as reducing rent, paying 15% tax, and "sharing interest with the people". All people who sell themselves as slaves because of hunger are exempt from being Shu Ren, and soldiers are demobilized and go home without taking corvee. He continued to implement the system of dividing fields and houses according to military service in the Qin Dynasty, stipulating that businessmen were not allowed to travel by car and increasing taxes. In order to restore the broken social economy and stabilize the feudal ruling order. He also cut down governors with different surnames to strengthen a unified centralized country. He thought that Qin failed to enfeoffment his children, which led to loneliness, so he divided the land and enfeoffment nine princes with the same surname. He also accepted Lou Jing's strong and weak suggestions, and moved 65438+ Wan Qiang heroes from the six Kanto countries to settle in Guanzhong.
After Qin's death, Xiongnu in Mobei took the opportunity to go south and reoccupy Henan (now Hetao area in Inner Mongolia). At the beginning of Han Dynasty, Xiongnu invaded the border counties of Han Dynasty. In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu (20 1), Han Wangxin surrendered to the Huns. The following year, Liu Bang personally led the troops to conquer, and was besieged by more than 300,000 tarkan for seven days and nights in Deng Bai (now northeast of Datong). After using Chen Ping's scheme, he bribed E Shi of modu chanyu to get him out of danger. Since then, for the sake of the stability of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang had to adopt a pro-Xiongnu policy, open the market between Han and Xiongnu, and ease the relationship between the two sides.
When Liu Bang was young, he was bohemian and looked down on unrealistic Confucian scholars. After he proclaimed himself emperor, he thought that he could win the world at once, and his poems and books were useless. Lu Jia said, "I'll get it soon. Why not treat it immediately?" Liu bang ordered Lu Jia to write a book to discuss the reasons why Qin lost the world for reference. He ordered Xiao He to re-enact laws and regulations, namely "Nine Chapters of Han Law". In his later years, Liu Bang fell in love with the Prince of Zhao and his son Liu Ruyi, alienated him, and tried several times to depose Hui Di, who was born to Empress Lu. However, due to the minister's opposition, I had to give up. In the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, Liu Bang was killed by a flowing arrow because of his crusade against Ying Bu rebellion. He died of destiny, and later became seriously ill.
The Historical Significance of the Unification of Han Dynasty
After Liu Bang destroyed Xiang Yu, he unified China and established the Han Dynasty. Since then, the Chinese empire has been reunified geographically, which has opened a powerful prelude to the Han Dynasty and established our title of "Han", which is the arrival of a new era.