No bathing for a month. If it is really dirty, you can wipe it with a warm semi-wet towel. You can take a bath once a week in summer and once every half month or month in winter. Because dogs have no sweat glands, it is not good for dogs to bathe frequently, so even if they are dirty, it is ok to wipe them with dry washing powder or wet cloth.
The puppy just bought from the dog dealer has weak resistance, bad environment, improper care and poor physical foundation. After returning home, you should first inject serum into a reliable animal hospital to enhance your resistance. The effective time of serum is only 7 days. Don't let it go out, don't take a bath, and dogs and their owners don't touch other dogs for 7 days. Use this time to observe its appetite, defecation and body temperature, mental state, whether its nose is wet, etc. Put the thermometer on the hairless part of the inner thigh for 5 minutes, and the temperature above 39 degrees is fever. Dogs with fever, runny nose, cough, diarrhea and other symptoms should seek medical attention immediately without delay.
If your puppy is healthy and lively, congratulations. After 50 days, you can take it to the hospital for the first dose of imported canine six-vaccine. The vaccine can prevent canine distemper, canine parvovirus, leptospirosis, infectious hepatitis, infectious bronchitis and parainfluenza. Inject three times in the first year, with an interval of 2 1 day, and inject 1 time in the following year. The imported six-vaccine for dogs has good quality and high protection rate.
When your puppy is three months old, you should get rabies vaccine once a year 1 time. Vaccination of rabies vaccine is the obligation of dog owners and the content of dog-raising regulations, and it must be vaccinated.
If you want to have a dog, I can introduce you to some common sense of raising a dog first!
Are you willing to marry your dear dog, and from then on, regardless of poverty, disease and disaster, will you do us part until death? I think I know.
Get ready for the puppy
There will be a new dog in the family. Everybody ready?
mental preparation
We need to reconfirm: Is it our impulse to have a dog? Is there anything you haven't thought about? Before making a final decision, please answer the following questions in your mind.
1. How old will an adult dog be?
Know the standard of your dog, follow the principle of safety first, and prevent your dog from crying and grabbing the land when it is confiscated.
2. How much will the family budget increase?
Dogs need to eat dog food, get vaccinated, play with toys, buy leashes, register and get sick. Feel the money in your pocket and see if you need to sell iron.
3. How much exercise do you need?
If you are lazy, don't choose a dog that needs a lot of exercise. The consequence is: either you become extremely hardworking from now on, or the dog becomes extremely plump.
4. Do other family members agree to have a dog?
If a person disagrees, there will be many contradictions in the future. It is you who quarrel, and the dog who suffers. Do you understand the truth that "the family has made progress"?
Do you have any plans to go abroad after ten years?
If there is, don't keep it. The procedure of taking pets abroad can torture normal people silly, so I'd better have an eye addiction with dog fans.
6. Do you know the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii and pregnancy?
When you are pregnant, do you listen to people around you saying that you can't have a pet when you are pregnant, or do you resist the pressure and pick up a scientific weapon and say, "I want both dogs and children!" "
7. What health problems does it usually cause?
Understand the level of local veterinarians, consult experienced friends, and establish contact with reliable hospitals and veterinarians to avoid being caught off guard and delaying treatment when dogs are sick.
8. Do you spend some time on it every day?
If you often work overtime, you can't cure Dai Yue's separation anxiety even if you have the money to give him the best material life.
material preparation
Now that you have passed the psychological test above, you can book your little guy in a regular kennel. He misses you so much and fascinates you so much. Don't be caught off guard by buying some necessary things before the little guy goes home.
1. Food basin.
Food is the most important thing for people, let alone dogs. But those bowls at home are not suitable for small ones, and they will turn over with one paw. The rice bowl specially designed for dogs avoids this problem, and it is also very thoughtful to consider very detailed issues: for example, dogs with big ears should use pots with high mouths, dogs with beards should use pots with water dispensers, and big dogs should use pots with shelves. ...
2. Nest.
Soft nests will make dogs feel very comfortable, small wooden dog houses will make big dogs feel very safe, nests that can be folded into puppy sofas can bring highlights to the living room, various detachable cushions can make dogs rest at any time, and bellows can easily take dogs out.
3. Dog food.
Say hello to the dog food ordered by the puppy in the kennel and buy the dog food of the same brand at home. If you want to change brands, you should also buy a small bag of original brand dog food. In order to prevent the puppy from being upset, you need to make a transition slowly.
4. Dedicated toilets.
If someone tells you that their dog can hold back urine for a long time and only excrete it when going out, you can laugh at him, because holding back urine for 10 hour will seriously endanger your health, not to mention a puppy that has just been immunized. Buying a special toilet for the puppy and training it to go to the toilet at a fixed point are absolutely beneficial to its health and good habits.
5. Pet dry cleaning powder.
Although most kennels sell immunized dogs, in theory, dogs can take a bath after they are fully immunized 10 days, but dog fans definitely don't recommend taking a bath for dogs that have just arrived home. In addition to reducing immunity, it is easy to cause colds, and accidents may occur due to stress reactions. Clean owners should prepare special dry cleaning powder for cleaning.
6. Small toys.
What child didn't have small toys when he was a child? When the older generation was young (such as my parents' generation), adults had to work in the fields and give their children a small potato to play with before leaving. Therefore, it is much better to let the new puppy get rid of nervousness and strangeness and give him a small toy than to chatter around you.
7. Traction belt with telescopic function.
It is a necessary step to let the dog adapt to the leash from an early age and establish the life law of the little dog. Although the newly arrived puppy can't go out immediately because of some problems such as skeleton, stress reaction and immunity, getting familiar with the leash as soon as possible will help to establish a good life rule and be conducive to future training.
8. Some magazines for dog fans.
For friends who have never had a dog, or have a dog, but don't know what scientific breeding is, keeping a dog fan at hand will make you feel at ease. There is a lot of maintenance and training knowledge to learn. At least make sure that when the puppy comes home, you won't be in a hurry and say more than 20 "What should I do?" An hour on average.
Maintenance and training of puppies
The puppy has officially checked in! With the previous preparations, the owners are full of confidence. However, the baby dogs of 3 ~ 6 months grow fastest, during which many things happen, such as changing teeth, growing up quickly, establishing early family rules and so on. Dogs of 6 ~8 months begin to mature sexually, male dogs have to lift their legs, and female dogs have their first period ... It is also a great test for dog owners to take good care of these puppies! Come and study!
roar
Dogs that have just left their parents and siblings feel scared and lonely. Howling is the dog's nature. At this time, you should prepare enough food and water, prepare a warm and comfortable nest or mat for it, put your soft old clothes on it, and put something with regular sound, such as a thermos or an alarm clock, and put the nest where it can see you at any time (such as the bedside and bedroom wall), so as to reduce its fear. If it is still howling, don't turn on the light to comfort you at once, just comfort it twice, and it will be quiet naturally in a few days.
In order not to make it afraid of howling, many owners simply sleep with it in bed. Dog fans do not advocate this practice. The new puppy may be unclean, parasitic and unsanitary. Besides, the puppy won't hold his urine, maybe it will be in your bed. Moreover, after forming such a habit, it is difficult for him to sleep in the nest, which is very unfavorable for future training. Once the habit of sticking to people is formed, dogs are easily spoiled and may have "separation anxiety", which is not conducive to the physical and mental development of puppies.
fodder
Probably the puppies in this period were born to be reborn as "hungry ghosts", as if their stomachs were bottomless and they could not be filled. Just finished eating, looked at the owner piteously. So some soft-hearted car owners can't help it. They are afraid of starving their baby, and as a result, they are kind enough to spoil the baby, from going to the hospital to death. For dogs of this age, eating less and eating more is the most basic principle. Don't be fooled by its "hungry ghost" appearance! Generally, there will be a detailed feeding table on the packaging bag of dog food, and it is enough to feed the puppies quantitatively according to their age and weight.
Another situation is that some introverted dogs just enter the door without eating or drinking. Let's not worry too much, because it's just afraid. If you don't eat it, you can mix some puppies in the dog food. Remember, it must be less. If you don't drink water, you can feed it with your hands. While nursing, gently touch and comfort. If you don't eat dog food just because you are picky about food, give food regularly every day, whether you eat it or not,/kloc-take it away after 0/5 minutes, and don't give it anything during the period. Put the grain for the second time, you 15 minutes and continue to take it away, and so on. Puppies are not so stubborn as to make fun of their lives. When giving it again, he will learn a lesson, eat it immediately, form a habit, and then slowly lengthen the time to put the food and let him chew it slowly.
Don't eat soft dog food when puppies are 3 months old, because the hardness of dog food is very good for tooth health and can prevent oral diseases such as bad breath and periodontitis. It can also alleviate the discomfort when teething to a certain extent. Puppies under half a year old should not be fed meat food, so as not to cause gastrointestinal discomfort.
Tips:
Many owners think that puppies should drink some milk to be nutritious. This is actually a wrong idea. Milk contains a lot of lactose, and puppies are mostly lactose intolerant. Feeding milk at this time will only cause diarrhea and reduce immunity. If the vaccine has not been finished by this time, the consequences will be really serious.
Excretion training
It's normal for a puppy to be "convenient" everywhere. Do humans go to the toilet by themselves when they are babies? The puppy won't hold his urine. He may miss NNBB and go anywhere at any time. Since we support him and love him, we must tolerate him. He's still a child! Teaching it to go to the toilet is our master's business.
First, we have to decide where to put the dog's toilet. This place should not be too close to the place where it eats and sleeps, and it is best to be in the toilet. As soon as the puppy gets home, he should first tell him the location of the bedpan and let him excrete there once. At first, puppies defecate in different places. At this time, take the dog to another room, out of sight, clean up the dirty place and spray some deodorant. Slowly, the puppy can remember the position of the bedpan, and after two weeks, the puppy can defecate in the designated place by himself. Dogs barking and smelling the ground are signs of going to the toilet. Take them to the toilet as soon as possible. Generally, this happens after a meal or when you wake up. More observation can sum up the rules. If you can go to the toilet according to the rules without the owner's belt, please be sure to show it our joy.
Tips:
The puppy excretes in the wrong place. Don't blame it unless you are caught red-handed, because it will think you are ridiculous and have no idea what you are doing. If the puppy makes a mess when excreting, don't press its nose in the excrement, because it will make it panic and fear.
In addition, there are some excretory inducers on the market, so try it.
Immune deworming
Dogs bought from regular kennels are generally healthy, and immunization has already been completed, so owners hardly have to worry about this. But puppies bought from dog dealers are generally unhealthy. Take it to the hospital for examination first, and get a serum if you are too weak. This is a normal immunization procedure. For example, it is absolutely forbidden to vaccinate sick dogs. Vaccines are attenuated vaccines, which may cause short-term discomfort and fever in dogs. It is normal to have a fever for a short time. If you have diarrhea and vomiting, you need to be sent to the hospital immediately.
After 42 days of birth, the first dose of combined vaccine was inoculated (the following are all imported from the Netherlands)
60 days after birth, the second dose of six vaccines.
78 days after birth, the third dose of six vaccines.
After 90 days of birth, take a dose of rabies vaccine (Interway imported from Holland).
Warm tip: "two links" refers to the vaccine to prevent canine distemper and canine parvovirus disease. "Six-link" refers to the vaccine for preventing canine distemper, canine parvovirus disease, canine infectious hepatitis, canine parainfluenza, canine bronchitis and canine leptospirosis.
The drugs in brackets are all of high quality. According to statistics, puppies that have been injected twice with six doses still have the possibility of being infected with canine parvovirus 10%, so it is safer to inject three times. Of course, these are just suggestions. You can choose according to your own economic conditions. Once the dog is found to have symptoms such as listlessness, loss of appetite, diarrhea and vomiting, and fever in the nose, it is very likely that it is infected with the virus. Should be sent to the hospital in time to strive for the best rescue opportunity.
Puppies will repel intestinal worms at the age of 20 days. Most puppies have intestinal parasites, which are infected by bitches through placenta or milk. After the first deworming at the age of 20 days, once a month until half a year old, once every quarter after half a year old and once every six months after adulthood.
have a bath
Veterinarians advise that puppies under half a year old should not be washed to prevent immune decline.
Never take a bath before the immunization is completed. Because if you catch a cold in the shower at this time, it will cause many virus attacks and eventually hurt the dog. Dirty enough to see, short-haired dogs can wipe it with a wet towel and then dry it; Long-haired dogs need dry cleaning. If the dog gets wet accidentally, be sure to dry it immediately. Don't blow the air conditioner and electric fan. Once you catch a cold, the consequences are unimaginable. You should take the first bath after complete immunization 10, because the vaccine will reach the best protection state after 10.
Dogs that have just come home should never take a bath, even if they have completed immunization, to prevent stress response from causing rapid decline in immunity. The so-called "stress response" refers to the imbalance of electrolytes in small animals under the influence of living environment changes, diet changes, weather and temperature changes, excessive excitement or fatigue, long-distance transportation and other factors, which leads to adverse reactions in the body.
Don't bathe your dog with human toiletries. The skin pH value of human and dog is completely opposite, and the skin structure is also very different. Dog skin is much more fragile than human skin. Choosing a bath suitable for them can ensure the health of the skin and prevent skin diseases. The frequency of bathing should not be too frequent. Generally, three times a month in summer and two times a month in other seasons is enough.
Grow permanent teeth
3~6 months old dogs, because the deciduous teeth are falling off, new permanent teeth are about to appear. Biting is often used to relieve the discomfort of changing teeth and help teeth grow gums smoothly. Therefore, dogs will like to knock on things these days. Please don't be too surprised if you come home and find your home in a mess.
However, if you come home in a mess every day, you think generously every day, "I'm still young, so I don't care." Anyway, the old ones don't go, and the new ones don't come. " That is undoubtedly conniving at the puppy, raising it instead of teaching it. It's father's fault!
There is a way to train dogs not to bite. First of all, the owner can prepare one or two cute pet toys for them in advance, which should be moderate in size so that they can have something to bite. Clear rewards and punishments are necessary. Once the owner finds that the pet is biting something that should not be bitten, he should stop it immediately. If you see them biting toys, you should also encourage and praise them.
Secondly, the owner can let the dog bite some small pieces of ice when changing his teeth. These things not only have a crisp feeling, but also a cold feeling can temporarily anesthetize the pain of long teeth. Or prepare a wet towel with a knot at the end, put it in the freezer, and then give it a bite to play with.
It is also a good idea to prepare some professional dog gum for dogs. These things made of bone glue and skin are hard enough and taste good, and dogs will shift their energy to chewing gum.
Finally, don't tempt our puppy with plush slippers, because they are too similar to its toys!
Tips:
Biting dogs are always full of curiosity. In the meantime, they should tie wires to the floor and collect all chemical cleaning supplies.
Obedience training
Puppies are usually considered to be six months old before they can start formal training. But in fact, half a year ago, the little guy had learned some bad behaviors, and his practical jokes gave you a headache.
There are no stupid dogs, only lazy owners. Therefore, in the task of training dogs, you should neither expect dogs to "turn over a new leaf" nor "learn" by themselves. For puppies before 1 year old, 9 points reward 1 point blame is the degree of training. When the dog does the right thing, praise "good" or "very good" directly, with a gentle tone and appropriate reward (a biscuit or your gentle caress); When doing something wrong, say "no" or "no" sternly and quickly to show your unhappiness. If you talk too much, you will only make your puppy confused and don't understand whether it is right or wrong.
Dog fans disapprove of corporal punishment, but they can use small tools for auxiliary training, such as watering can filled with pure water, which is quite useful in stopping barking for no reason. The barking dog was startled by the water and immediately shut up. After several times, he formed a conditioned reflex that he would be stimulated by water as long as he barked, and finally became a quiet good dog.
Tips:
Remember the "3 seconds" principle: No matter what the dog does right or wrong, you should show your attitude, praise or blame within 3 seconds, and you must seize the opportunity. Beyond this time range, it is very likely that the dog doesn't know what you praise him or blame him, which leads to the failure of training.
Happy adult dog
The little guy soon became a handsome boy or a big girl. Although his body shape has not changed significantly in the past eight months, and the dog food has gradually changed from puppy food to adult dog food, we seem to see his maturity from his talking eyes.
Pay attention to walking the dog.
First, dogs should avoid biting people. Dogs like to be close to people, like to play with people, and sometimes "make out" with people who are interested. This is the normal social behavior of animals. But in the eyes of people who don't understand the dog's behavior, it is similar to aggressive behavior, so they will become nervous and afraid, and some people will even scream and dance to defend themselves. In the dog's eyes, this "defense" is like an "attack", and it will immediately enter a state of preparing for an attack. Therefore, the owner should tie the leash when walking the dog, avoiding the elderly, the disabled, pregnant women and children.
Stopping barking in time is also a basic content of civilized dog raising. If you want to have a good neighborhood, it is necessary to stop barking.
After the dog defecates in public, the owner should wrap it in a bag or paper prepared in advance and throw it into the trash can, preferably without leaving a trace. If there is a public toilet for dogs in the community, dogs can be trained to use it.
It is dog's nature to like freedom and sports. Adequate exercise can make them relax, enjoy happiness and relieve loneliness, which is not only beneficial to their physical and mental health, but also can cultivate good character. We can choose an empty place where there are no pedestrians and let them run and play with their partners. If there is a dog walking area in the community and there is a closed fence around it to prevent dogs from running out of the circle, that would be great. If not, please ask the owner to grasp the leash to prevent injury and terrible events. Besides, it's also a good idea to take it to the suburbs on weekends.
Four seasons maintenance
Spring is the season of estrus, mating and reproduction for dogs. If there is no plan to "increase the number of dogs" for the time being, then the owner should take corresponding protective measures. Mature male dogs often fight for their spouses in this season, and owners should try to avoid such injuries. Spring is also the season for dogs to change their hair. Thick hair will fall off in winter. If it is not combed in time and often, dirty hair will cause itchy skin, and dogs will scratch on their bodies to eliminate itching, which will easily break the skin, further cause bacterial infection, provide favorable places for the reproduction of ectoparasites and fungi, and cause skin diseases.
The summer climate is hot, so we should pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling. When dogs are found to have symptoms such as dyspnea, increased skin temperature, and rapid heartbeat, they should quickly compress their heads with wet and cold towels, move them to a cool and ventilated place, and immediately ask a veterinarian for treatment. In addition, dog food is easy to ferment and deteriorate in this season, which is easy to cause food poisoning. Usually lazy owners must be diligent, often observe the dog's food intake, and resolutely dump the spoiled food. If you find that your dog has vomiting, diarrhea and general weakness, please consult a veterinarian immediately. In addition, in the southern region, due to the humid weather, dogs should always pay attention to cleaning their eyes and ears to prevent skin eczema.
Autumn is the season of dog's vigorous metabolism. People often say "putting on autumn fat" also applies to dogs. Generally speaking, their food intake will greatly increase, so it is necessary to strengthen nutritional supplements in moderation. In late autumn, the temperature difference between day and night is large, so keep the kennel warm at night to prevent colds. At the same time, autumn is the second breeding and molting season in a year, and its management and nursing methods are similar to those in spring.
The weather is cold in winter, and the management focus is on cold and warmth and prevention of respiratory diseases. The effective measures to prevent colds are to prevent cold and keep warm, thicken the mattress, replace it in time and keep it dry; When the weather is fine, both the owner and the dog should strengthen outdoor exercise, strengthen their physique and improve their disease resistance. Often let the dog bask in the sun, which can not only keep warm, but also play the role of disinfection and sterilization, and also promote the absorption of calcium, which is conducive to the growth and development of bones and prevent rickets in puppies.
Estrus, pregnancy, nutrition, sterilization
Our little handsome dog and big girl dog have reached the right age, and their physiology has begun to change. Therefore, parents who plan to have children or sterilize their dogs should start preparing.
Pregnant
The estrus of dogs is generally more obvious in bitches. Bitches in estrus will be restless, make turbid courtship calls, lose appetite, swollen genitals and frequent urination. The most striking feature is bloody mucus in the genitals, which is what we usually call "the official festival of bitches". About a week after estrus, the labia began to swell and the amount of bleeding decreased. If you touch its hips, it will bend its tail to one side, indicating that it has begun to ask for mating.
Tips:
Bitches usually have their first period of 7-8 months. At this time, because their bodies are not fully developed, they are not suitable for mating.
When breeding, it is best to bring the bitch to the male dog's house, because the male dog will feel at ease in his own territory. A few days before mating, the "prospective father" should be given proper nutrition to keep him energetic, and it is best to choose the morning time. The mating process is about 15~30 minutes. The best mating period is from day 8 to day 12 after estrus begins. Usually, it must be supplemented every two days after the first mating to improve the success rate of conception. If the pregnancy is successful, from the estrus of 12~ 13, the bitch doesn't want to be near the "boy". If the vagina continues to discharge red and black liquid after pregnancy, it will attract attention. It is best to consult a doctor in a pet hospital.
The average bitch's "expectant mother" period is about 63 days. About 20 days after mating, there will be no appetite and vomiting. Then the appetite returned to normal and the breasts gradually swelled. After about the fourth week, the experienced owner can touch the tire number by hand. During pregnancy, the "expectant mother" eats much more than usual, and her abdomen will increase rapidly. At this time, we must pay attention to foods with high nutrition, and some nutrients such as calcium powder and cod liver oil can be added to the foods. At the same time, let it do enough exercise and often bask in the sun to promote the development of fetal bones. Ensure that the "parturient" has good physical strength, so that dystocia will not be caused by lack of physical strength during production. With the growth of the fetus, the stomach of the "expectant mother" will be oppressed by the uterus, so we must take the method of eating less and eating more meals, which can be fed 5~6 times a day. In the late pregnancy, don't let it do strenuous exercise, especially jumping and climbing. In the meantime, you should stop bathing them.