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1. Basic concepts
Water conservancy and hydropower projects are generally divided into several unit projects, which are divided into several sub-projects, and the sub-projects are divided into several unit projects, and the quality control is carried out according to the third-level projects.
1. 1 unit project
Refers to a project that can function independently or has independent construction conditions, usually a project that can not run or function until several subprojects are completed. A unit project is usually an independent building (structure), and it can also be a part or a component of an independent building (structure) under special circumstances.
2.2 Division Project
Refers to all parts of the unit project. Sub-projects are often the structural parts of buildings (structures), or installation projects that cannot play a single function.
3.3 unit project
Refers to the smallest complex composed of one or several types of work, and is the basic unit of daily quality assessment. According to the design structure, construction deployment or quality evaluation requirements, it can be divided into layers, blocks, areas and sections. The concept of unit engineering is different from that of sub-projects in national standards. Generally speaking, sub-projects can be divided into unit projects with the same big process according to the main types of work, such as earthwork, concrete engineering, formwork engineering, steel structure welding engineering, etc. , the physical quantity of the project may not be formed after completion; The unit project is the smallest synthesis of one type of work or several types of work, and it is the project that forms the physical quantity of the project or is installed in place. (It is a project that the state or industry formulates acceptance standards)
The ecological project of soil and water conservation, that is, the comprehensive management project of small watershed, has its particularity, but it is still a water conservancy project in the final analysis, and its quality evaluation project division should follow the principle of water conservancy and hydropower project division in combination with its own characteristics.
2. The principle of project division
The general guiding principle for the division of quality evaluation projects is: the standards and specifications officially promulgated by the state shall be implemented, and the water conservancy projects shall be based on the water conservancy industry standards, with other industry standards as reference. For example, housing construction and installation projects are divided into unit projects, sub-projects and sub-projects; Hydraulic construction and installation projects are divided into unit projects, sub-projects and unit projects.
2. 1 division principle of unit engineering
2. 1. 1 Hub project is divided according to design structure and construction deployment. Take each independent construction project or independent installation project as the unit project. Such as factory (station) building, management (living and office) building, spillway, water conveyance (flood discharge) tunnel, earth (stone or concrete) dam, intake (branch) sluice, control sluice, intake (outlet) pool, traffic engineering and other construction projects are unit projects respectively, and independent installation projects such as metal structure, electromechanical equipment, electricity and communication are unit projects respectively.
2. 1.2 The channel project is divided according to the channel grade (main channel and branch channel) or the construction period and section (bounded by sluice). Take a main (branch) canal or a project with the same construction period and cross section as the unit project, and buildings with large investment or large quantities as the unit project.
2. 1.3 dam project is divided according to design structure and construction deployment. The dam, dam foundation, revetment and cross building are taken as the unit projects respectively.
2. 1.4 Soil and water conservation projects are generally divided into an independent small watershed or a larger independent building (Dagufang Dam). It consists of several channels or regions or category numbers.
3. The principle of engineering division
3. 1 Hub Project
According to the main components of the design structure. Such as foundation engineering, dam body, seepage control engineering, metal structure, electric power, dam crest, sluice at the head of the canal, sand sluice at the head of the canal, diversion dam, etc.
3.2 Channel engineering, dam engineering and soil and water conservation engineering
According to the design structure and construction deployment:
3.2. 1 Canal works: large shaft, sluice or branch canal mouth, control sluice and canal section.
3.2.2 Dam engineering: foundation engineering, revetment engineering, dike body engineering, slope protection engineering, dike top engineering, seepage control engineering, biological protection and road engineering, etc.
3.2.3 Soil and water conservation projects: gully or area or class number control, terrace leveling, small water storage and drainage projects, soil and water conservation projects, artificial grass planting projects, closed control, water source and water-saving irrigation projects, etc. Dam foundation treatment, dam filling, dam slope protection, overflow gate, dam body and dam foundation seepage control engineering, etc.
3.3 Note:
In order to prevent the arbitrariness of project division, in the same unit project, the quantities of each division project of the same type should not be too different, the investment of each division project of different types should not be too different, and the maximum difference between division projects should not exceed 1.5 times.
The number of sub-projects of each unit project should not be less than 5.
4. The principle of unit engineering division
4. 1 Hub Project
According to the design structure, construction deployment or quality evaluation requirements. Construction projects are based on layers, blocks and segments; The installation project adopts the type of work, process, etc. As a unit project.
4.2 Channel projects
Open (underground) canal excavation and filling are divided according to the construction site, and lining seepage control (flushing) works are divided according to deformation joints or structures. Channel project: when asked
4.3 Dam Project
According to the construction method and workload. For embankment filling projects with small cross section, unit projects are generally divided according to length (200~500m) or engineering quantity (1000~2000m3).
4.4 Soil and Water Conservation Project
Drawing lessons from water conservancy and hydropower projects, it is divided according to working procedures, engineering measures or structural components.
4.4. 1 Horizontal terrace: ridge, ridge;
4.4.2 Afforestation: horizontal furrow land preparation, fish scale pit land preparation, seedling raising and hole sowing;
4.4.3 Planting grass: soil preparation, sowing and management;
4.4.4 Reservoir and dry water cellar: water collection yard, foundation pit excavation, grit chamber, cellar body and manhole cover;
4.4.5 Water source and water-saving irrigation project: According to the structural composition of water source project, water conveyance project, surge tank, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, pipe irrigation, anti-seepage canal and other projects, further detailed planning will be carried out;
4.4.6 Earth dam and ancient dam: foundation, dam body, dam body surface protection overflow and energy dissipator;
4.4.7 Fence management: tending, replanting, fencing, signs, etc. ;
4.4.8 Gully head protection ridge: soil ridge body, intercepting ditch and soil ridge plant protection.
4.5 attention
In order to prevent the arbitrariness of project division, the engineering quantity of the same type of unit project should not be too different, the investment of different types of subprojects should not be too different, and the maximum difference between unit projects should not exceed 1.5 times. .
The number of unit projects in the same branch project should not be less than 3.
4.6 Intermediate products
Refers to concrete, mortar, stone, cement and other raw materials. Seedlings and grass seeds must have production license, appearance certificate, transportation license, emergence rate test report, etc. The equipment to be installed must be qualified and have the factory certificate or bill of materials. Intermediate products must be inspected by the supervision engineer before they can be used to participate in the acceptance of the corresponding branch projects.