There are many vital parts in the human body, some of which can be killed with one blow, and some of which can make their physiological functions or mechanisms disappear temporarily or permanently. Therefore, knowing and being familiar with these key parts, coupled with accurate and powerful strike techniques, can effectively subdue the enemy in the battle. In addition, we must protect these important parts of ourselves to prevent them from being attacked by the enemy.
1 eye
Because it can guide people's actions, it is one of the most important parts of the human body.
Strike method: this part can be attacked with a finger.
2. Temples
This part belongs to the temporal region of the head, and there are superficial temporal arteries, veins and temporal nerves passing through it. Moreover, the bones in this part are fragile, which will cause temporal bone fracture, damage the middle meningeal artery, lead to poor blood flow, cause cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and make people die within 3 seconds.
Hitting method: you can hit the fist face and elbow joint when attacking.
3. Ears
Auricular nerve is close to the brain. After being hit or squeezed, it will damage the branches of arteries and veins leading to meninges and hinder blood circulation. Moreover, the ear is located on the upper edge of the mandible, behind the lower auricle, and there is an acupoint as deadly as the temple. Call bone points, hit bone points in the ear and behind the ear, and then puncture the eardrum or ear bleeding, even concussion or death within 5 seconds.
Strike method: You can attack both sides with both fists.
4. Xia Qin
Because the position of mandible is easy to be hit, it is easy to cause skull base fracture and intracranial hemorrhage after being hit, and the pain is unbearable after being hit, and the coma or shock is serious.
Strike method: When attacking, you can impact or swing your elbow with a straight fist.
5, Adam's apple
Because the larynx has trachea, carotid artery and vagus nerve. Therefore, chopping with the outer edge of the palm or strangling with the forearm from behind can kill the enemy. Of course, you can also hold the Adam's apple with your fingers and let it suffocate or even die in a short time due to lack of oxygen.
Strike method: you can attack directly or use elbow or hand card when attacking.
6. Face
The face is where important organs such as vision, smell and mouth are located. Because there are abundant nerves and blood vessels here, it is extremely sensitive to pain. When it is hit, the pain is unbearable and even it will lose its combat effectiveness.
Strike method: When attacking, you can strike with fists, knees and feet. In this way, the enemy can faint or go into shock within 3 seconds.
7, outside the neck, back
Both sides of the neck are covered with deadly blood vessels and nerves. Carotid artery and vagus nerve are also distributed along both sides of the neck. If you slash the outside or back of the enemy's neck with the outer edge of your palm, it can compress the carotid sinus, causing severe arrhythmia and heart failure, and you will die within 2 seconds.
Strike method: When attacking, you can chop with the outer edge of the palm or smash with the elbow joint.
8. Heart socket
This is a "fatal" place, with phrenic plexus, gastroesophagus, aorta and inferior vena cava. If hit by violence, blood vessels will expand due to external pressure, leading to the acceleration or stop of heartbeat and suffocation, and death within 3 seconds.
Strike method: to strike this part, it is best to kick it with your feet, because the attack with your feet has strong penetration.
9. abdomen
The abdomen includes the human chest, navel and its surrounding parts below the xiphoid process. The right upper abdomen is the liver and gallbladder, the left upper abdomen is the stomach and spleen, the kidneys are on both sides, and the lower abdomen is the intestine, bladder and other organs. These organs are arranged on the abdominal wall, pressing vertically on the pelvis, close to the heart, with mesentery and nerve nodes. Therefore, after being violently impacted by external force, visceral blood vessels will expand due to external pressure, resulting in blocked blood circulation. At the same time, because there are abundant peritoneal nerve endings in the abdominal wall, people will feel unbearable pain. If the liver, spleen and kidney rupture and bleed, the enemy can die within 5 seconds.
Strike method: When attacking, you can give the enemy a fatal attack by kicking and hitting the knee.
10, ribs
There are 12 pairs of ribs, and the bones are thin and long, and the muscles attached to the surface are also very thin. Therefore, hitting any part of the ribs with your knees or kicking with your feet may lead to the fracture or death of the enemy's ribs. And it will shake the internal organs after being hit. After fracture, the sharp part of the broken wound will puncture the internal organs, causing massive bleeding in the body.
Strike method: boxing, knee bump or kicking can be used when attacking. If the attack is strong, you can kill the enemy in 3 seconds.
1 1, crotch
The crotch is the key to a man. This part can make any strong man yield even if it is attacked by women and children. If attacked by violence, people can go into shock or die within 3 seconds.
Strike method: kick this part. If the distance is very close, you can use the top knee instead.
L 2, knee joint
It is the largest and most complicated joint of human lower limbs. It consists of lower femur, patella and upper tibia. Because this part is exposed, there is less subcutaneous fat. If it is hit hard, it can tear the ligament or break the patella, making it unstable or unable to move.
Strike method: you can kick with the outside of your foot or sweep with the instep.
13, instep
The dorsal nerve is dense and the muscles are few. It consists of cuboid bone, three cuneiform bones and five articular surfaces at the bottom of metatarsal bone. The metatarsophalangeal joint consists of the distal metatarsal and the proximal first phalanx. Therefore, dislocation and dislocation will occur when crushed by external force. Moreover, the range of motion of the ankle joint connecting it is also small, such as hard hitting or twisting, which will cause ligament tearing.
Strike method: When attacking, you can stomp down with your heel or crush your instep.
14, hemp tendon
The main tendons of human body are elbow tendon, bowl tendon, tiger's mouth tendon and back tendon. But these parts are hidden, and it is not easy to control them accurately.
Second, the key to the human body-eyes
Eyes are human visual organs, which have certain particularity in organizational structure and physiological function. The outer wall of eyeball consists of three layers of capsule. Inside the eyeball are aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body, all of which are colorless and transparent colloidal liquids and are refractive devices of the eye. At the bottom of the eyeball, near the bridge of the nose on both sides, there is an optic nerve connected to the brain.
The eyes have visual function, and when the eyes are hit by violence, people are easily blind. Because visual function plays an important role in people's daily life, eyes are often listed as one of the key parts of the human body. Not only is there a record in the folk boxing spectrum handed down from generation to generation that "the clear breath fades in the dark", but in the contemporary American combat troops, punching eyes has also been included in the teaching mode of individual combat training.
There are many methods of blinding, such as direct blunt force, sharp instrument stab, high-speed splash and so on.
1, why is it easy to have hematoma under the skin of eyes?
Violent hitting of the eyes with blunt objects such as fists and palms can lead to rapid bleeding and edema of eyelids. This is because the skin of the upper and lower eyelids is thin, the subcutaneous tissue is loose and easy to accumulate blood, so congestion and edema are more likely to occur when being hit by violence than other parts. Simple extraocular contusion can cause a large amount of intraorbital hemorrhage, leading to exophthalmos and serious damage to visual function.
2. The eyeball is a fragile organ of human body.
When the eyeball is hit by a blunt force or scratched by a blunt object, the cornea on the outer layer of the eyeball may rupture or fall off. There are abundant peripheral nerves in the cornea, which makes the cornea extremely sensitive to external foreign body stimulation, even a slight stimulation will cause a strong physiological response. After corneal injury, people will have severe eye pain, photophobia, inability to open eyelids and serious visual dysfunction.
After the eye is hit by a blunt object, in addition to severe pain, it can also reflexively cause a decrease in heartbeat due to external force or swelling of the eyeball, resulting in weakness of limbs and a decrease in response ability and adaptability. It often leads to a passive situation in the battle.
In addition, the eyeball texture is fragile, and slight violence is enough to rupture the eyeball.
Hitting the eye with a fist blade or poking the eye socket with a sharp instrument such as a fingertip can lead to eyeball rupture, massive bleeding in the eye, content prolapse and complete loss of vision.
Although poor eyesight is not life-threatening, it will directly affect people's mobility. Therefore, in hostile violence, eyes are often the focus of attack.
Third, the key to the human body-the temple
The temple is in front of the auricle, on both sides of the forehead and above the extension line of the outer corner of the eye.
Temples are called "strange points outside meridians" in the study of meridians in traditional Chinese medicine, and they are also one of the "dead points" that were first listed as key parts by various martial arts boxing scores. It is recorded in Shaolin Boxing that once the temple is clicked, "it will faint lightly, but it will be fatal". Modern medicine has proved that hitting the temple can cause death or concussion, making people unconscious.
1, the temple is the weakest part of the skull bone plate.
The position of the temple is the intersection of parietal bone, zygomatic bone, sphenoid bone and temporal bone, which is called "pterygoid point" or "pterygoid suture". This is the thinnest bone plate of the skull and the weakest part of the bone. The skull is a hard bone plate that protects the brain. The thickness of skull bone plate varies from place to place, the average thickness is 5 mm, and the thickest part is 1 cm. The thickness of the bone plate at the temple is only 1-2 mm, which is the weakest part of the skull. When it is hit or squeezed, it is easy to form a fracture. Fracture will directly affect the function of the brain.
2. There are many bleeding sources in the deep skull of the temple.
In this part of the brain, blood vessels are quite abundant, which constitute many sources of intracranial hemorrhage. The middle meningeal artery originates from the internal maxillary artery and goes up along the epidural temporal bone scale, and some branches of the temporal bone scale at the temple are the anterior and posterior branches of the middle meningeal artery. At the same time, the middle meningeal vein is accompanied by middle meningeal artery. There are cortical arteries and veins in the temporal lobe of the brain under the deeper dura mater of the skull.
Violent attack on the temple can not only damage the middle meningeal artery due to the fracture of the temporal scale of the skull, but also often damage the middle meningeal artery and vein when the skull is intact, forming an epidural hematoma at the bottom of the middle cranial fossa. The rupture of middle meningeal artery to form hematoma is not only very rapid, but also very serious. Rupture of middle meningeal artery can make people fall into coma immediately. The intermittent waking period after coma is extremely short, ranging from less than 1 hour to as little as 10 minute. After two hours of injury, it is often completely unconscious. If the bleeding cannot be stopped effectively within 6 hours after the injury, it may be fatal.
The injury of two branches of the middle meningeal artery and the injury of the artery in the cerebral temporal cortex sulcus will form a huge intracranial hematoma centered on the temporal region in the deep meninges. Because the bleeding point is deep and dangerous.
3. The temporal artery groove and bone canal at the temple constitute obvious weak zone.
Because the middle meningeal artery is close to the skull, it forms a very special anatomical feature in the temporal bone scale. The middle meningeal artery in the deep tissue of the temple forms a deep bone groove-temporal bone artery groove on the bone plate in the temporal bone scale. This bone groove forms an obvious weak area on the thin bone plate. When you hit the temple, it is often easy to cause a fracture on the bone sulcus from the beginning. The fracture at the temporal artery sulcus is easy to involve the injury of the middle meningeal artery in the bone sulcus, resulting in intracranial hematoma.
The anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery completely passes through the bone plate, forming a bone canal about 2 cm long on the inner surface of the temporal bone. Due to the existence of bone canal, a section of the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery was completely fixed. When the temple is impacted by external force, the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery is easy to tear the bone canal. At the same time, temporal bone fractures are also easy to form at the bone canal. When the fracture line crosses the bone canal, the damage to blood vessels and the intracranial hematoma caused by it are often more serious.
Therefore, the temples on both sides of the head actually constitute a fatal danger zone, that is, skull fracture's multiple areas centered on the temporal bone of the skull and the multiple areas of intracranial hematoma centered on the temporal lobe of the brain.
4. Why is it easy to destroy people's balance function by hitting the temple?
The brain tissue deep in the temple is the temporal lobe. The temporal lobe is the auditory pathway of the cerebral cortex. Auditory pathway dominates people's auditory nerve, and can feel the changes of hearing and external sounds through the middle ear. At the same time, we can also feel the change of the body's spatial position through the vestibular device of the inner ear, so as to adjust the tension of the whole body muscles and maintain the balance of the body. So this area of the cerebral cortex not only feels hearing, but also controls people's sense of balance.
In addition, the subcutaneous part of the temple is the intersection of trigeminal nerve and ciliary ganglion. The trigeminal nerve conducts facial sensation and is the most sensitive brain nerve to pain. Ciliary ganglion is an important ganglion that regulates visual activities.
Once the temple is hit by violence, it will first shake the auditory pathway in the temporal lobe of the brain, so that the auditory nerve is strongly stimulated, resulting in temporary loss of balance and disorder of muscle tone adjustment. At the same time, it will stimulate the nerves under the skin of the temple, making people dizzy, dizzy and black after taking it twice, and the balance cannot be maintained. Therefore, the general violent beating of the temple will not cause craniocerebral injury, but it is easy to knock people down. In the past, there was a record in folk martial arts that "one punch hit the sun and one punch fell to the ground".
Fourth, the key details of the human body-ears
The ear is both an auditory organ and a sensory organ. In addition to hearing, it also has the function of feeling the change of human body's spatial position and maintaining the balance of the body. The root of the ear is the root behind the earlobe, behind the earlobe, above the mandibular angle and below the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Folk also call it "Puyin point" or "Houer point".
Ears are divided into inner ear, middle ear and outer ear. The external ear includes auricle, external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. When sound waves enter the ear canal, they first pass through the eardrum. The middle ear is located between the inner ear and the outer ear and plays the role of conducting sound waves. The inner ear is composed of bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth, which is divided into two parts: the part that senses hearing and the part that senses spatial posture change. The part that feels the change of spatial posture is also called "inner ear vestibular analyzer", which includes an oval capsule, a balloon and three membranous semicircular canals with different orientations. A large number of ciliated cells were born on the walls of oval sac and balloon and on the ampullary ridges of three semicircular canals, and a solid particle called otolith was inserted into their hair bundles. Under normal circumstances, otoliths give a uniform pressure to the capillary brain, which makes people feel habitual balance. In addition, three semicircular canals are filled with lymph. When a person's normal posture changes, the lymph in the semicircular canal will inevitably flow, which will cause the otolith to tilt and the cilia to bend, thus generating new stimulation to the peripheral nerves. After the peripheral nerve is stimulated, it will transmit the excitement to the center of the brain, making people feel the change of spatial posture, and at the same time readjust the muscle tension of the whole body to adapt to the change of body posture and maintain the balance of the body. People who are allergic to vestibular organs will have a strong reaction when their posture changes greatly, resulting in dizziness, nausea, even vomiting and sweating, which is called "carsickness".
For the ear, the eardrum is broken, which destroys the balance function. In addition, it makes people unconscious or causes cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, leading to death.
1, eardrum rupture, inner ear labyrinth oscillation
Hitting the ear with fists or palms can rupture the tympanic membrane of the middle ear due to external force impact and air waves impact, causing ear bleeding, pain, tinnitus and hearing loss. Sometimes accompanied by dizziness, nausea, shock and other symptoms.
When the blow is severe, the air forms strong pressure in the narrow ear canal, which can cause inner ear labyrinth shock, inner ear labyrinth bleeding, dizziness, nausea or temporary coma, destroy the balance function of vestibular organs, and lead to sensory deviation, instability and falling for no reason. Coma caused by inner ear labyrinth shock is different from concussion. Not only is consciousness easy to recover, but the function of vestibular organs is also easy to be compensated. Therefore, the coma after inner ear labyrinth shock is only temporary and transient.
2. Why does ear thumping lead to cerebrospinal fluid leakage?
When gravity hits the external ear, it will not only damage the eardrum and cause labyrinth vibration of the inner ear, but also often cause cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which is the direct result of temporal bone fracture. After the temporal bone fracture, the leaked cerebrospinal fluid will enter the ear canal from the fracture site and flow out from the ear canal. Temporal bone fracture is also a part of craniocerebral trauma. Therefore, when cerebrospinal fluid leaks, symptoms such as coma, facial paralysis and brain injury often occur, and even cause death in severe cases.
3, pinching the roots of the ears will make people faint.
There are many nerve branches such as the greater auricular nerve and the lesser occipital nerve under the skin of the ear root. Therefore, the root of the ear is an extremely sensitive part. Squeezing the root of the ear will produce a severe pain, and squeezing it hard will make people faint.
4. A heavy blow to the root of the ear can cause immediate death.
The root of the ear is under the mastoid of the temporal bone, near the bottom of the skull cavity and the junction of the skull base and the spine. Deep in the cranial cavity of the ear root is the junction of brain stem and spinal cord. It's called medulla oblongata There is a lack of subcutaneous tissue below the root of the ear, and the muscles and skin are extremely thin. The root of the ear is from the weak part of the side of the head, just near the skull base and medulla oblongata. Therefore, in the traditional folk acupuncture theory, there is a description that "the ear tendons lead to the brain, but they are very close".
Medulla oblongata is the center of human life, and its functional activities control all basic life activities such as heartbeat, blood pressure and respiration.
It is easy to shake the skull base by hitting the root of the ear. The shock of the skull base will inevitably spread to the medulla oblongata, causing the brain stem to swing, pull or shift sideways, leading to sudden weakening and slowing of the heartbeat, blood pressure drop, shortness of breath and difficulty, leading to death. Even severe coma or cardiac and respiratory arrest can cause immediate death. Severe vibration of skull base sometimes leads to skull base fracture, which usually leads to coma and cerebrospinal fluid leaking from ear canal.
V. Detailed explanation of human body-Ministry of Spirit
The chin is also called the submandibular triangle. Chin is a triangle between the lower edge of mandible, the front edge of mandibular branch and the upper cervical root. The chin is connected with the neck downwards, and is connected with the bottom of the cranial cavity upwards through the mandibular head. The mandibular head on both sides of the mandible and the temporomandibular fossa at the bottom of the skull jointly form the mandibular joint. Because of the existence of mandibular joint, submandibular angle is closely related to the bottom of cranial cavity in bone structure.
In the middle of the submandibular triangle, there is an important meridian point, that is, Li Anquan point of Renmai. Since ancient times, people have regarded it as a key acupoint, and there is a description of "striking Li Anquan's point and dying". Because hitting the Li Anquan point often makes people fall down due to the swing and impact of the head, some people call it "landing point".
Impacting the chin will directly cause skull base damage. The whole chin is located at the bottom of the mandible, and you can only get hurt by boxing from the bottom up or hitting the palm root. Simple jaw injury is not very important. What can really pose a serious threat to life is the skull base injury caused by chin impact.
When the chin is hit by fists and palms, the violence can be transmitted to the skull base along the mandible through the stress surface, which makes the mandibular joint head violently hit the middle cranial fossa, leading to the fracture of the skull base.
The skull base fracture caused by hitting the chin is more serious than that caused by other reasons. Because of the special structure at the bottom of the cranial cavity, there are many nodules and ridges on the bone surface, and the resistance varies from place to place, so a long fracture line can often be formed at the skull base after the middle cranial fossa is hit by chin. The fracture line wound around the bony tuberosity and crest, extending from the middle cranial fossa to the weak area of skull base.
The skull base fracture caused by hitting the chin often leads to oral and nasal bleeding, cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea without direct injury. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage is mostly mixed with blood, so foreign bodies in ears and noses are generally milky yellow or pink. Severe skull base fractures are often accompanied by severe brain contusion and laceration, so there will be dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting and coma in different degrees. Because skull base fractures are difficult to find, most serious skull base fractures die quickly.
Six, the key to the human body-throat
The key to the throat is mainly the throat and Adam's apple.
There is a depression on the medial side of the anterior clavicle and the upper edge of the sternal stalk, and there are branches of the descending innominate vein, trachea, esophagus, phrenic nerve and vagus nerve in the depression. The trachea is located in the outermost layer of the skin. This sunken part is commonly known as the throat, and it is also called "Tiantu point" in the study of meridians in traditional Chinese medicine. The "natural disaster point" has been regarded as a key part since ancient times, and Shaolin Boxing also has a martial arts song formula of "stabbing the sudden point twice and locking the throat to make you dumb".
Punching Tiantu with your fingers can violently compress the trachea, stimulate vagus nerve and phrenic nerve, cause reflex dyspnea and severe cough, and even cause suffocation. The vagus nerve of the lung is directly distributed in the trachea and bronchial tree in the lung, which dominates the breathing of the lung, while the phrenic nerve is directly distributed in the center of the diaphragm, the most important respiratory muscle of the human body, which dominates the movement of the diaphragm. When the phrenic nerve is strongly stimulated, it will inevitably cause diaphragm spasm, severe cough and dyspnea. When the vagus nerve is strongly stimulated, the respiratory function of the lung will be reflexively inhibited through the vagus nerve center of the medulla oblongata, which will easily lead to suffocation.
Holding Tiantu point with fingers continuously and forcefully can compress trachea, innominate vein, vagus nerve and phrenic nerve at the same time, and may cause suffocation or coma due to respiratory obstruction, venous reflux obstruction, cerebral hypoxia and nerve reflex.
Generally, hitting or pinching Tiantu point will not cause fatal consequences, but if the throat is punctured, it will cause serious hemothorax and mediastinal emphysema, which will cause a large amount of blood to flow into the chest cavity and cause emphysema under the mediastinum and neck. Hemothorax and mediastinal emphysema will compress the lungs and heart, both of which can cause death in a short time.
The Adam's apple is located in the middle of the neck and protrudes under the skin, especially in adult men. The Adam's apple connects the pharynx, mouth, nasal cavity and trachea, and it is the ventilation artery for the lung to exchange gas with the outside world. The larynx is composed of cartilage, of which thyroid cartilage is the largest piece, and the protruding part of thyroid cartilage in the neck is the Adam's apple.
The Adam's apple is usually considered as the key part. Beating the Adam's apple, choking, strangling and cutting the neck with sharp tools are often used as deadly means of killing. According to forensic statistics, many suicides or murderers are used to cutting their necks up and down the Adam's apple. Whether it is suicide or homicide, neck cutters often mistakenly think that cutting trachea or throat is easy to lead to death. But in fact, cutting the trachea only shortens the respiratory tract and cannot constitute the real cause of death. However, hitting the Adam's apple with fists and palms or strangling, suffocating and oppressing the Adam's apple with bare hands can all cause death.
1, continuous compression of the Adam's apple will hinder breathing and circulation.
Locking the throat, choking the throat, strangling the neck, and pressing the Adam's apple continuously with the palm and fingers generally cannot kill people immediately. It takes a long time and the mortality rate is slow. The death caused by compression of the Adam's apple is mainly due to respiratory obstruction and cerebral circulation blood flow obstruction.
Pressing the Adam's apple with the palm of your hand generally cannot completely block the respiratory tract. The possibility of complete obstruction of the respiratory tract is extremely small, and it will only happen if there is string compression between the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone. Because the obstruction to breathing when the throat is choking is incomplete, the suffocation caused is also incomplete. In this case, the process of death needs to last for some time.
However, when the Adam's apple is compressed with the palm and fingers, the circulating blood flow in the head and neck can not be completely blocked. Because the carotid artery supplying blood to the head is covered by sternocleidomastoid muscle, it is not easy to be completely blocked, and the deep vertebral artery is protected by cervical vertebra, which can not be compressed at all and can still be kept unobstructed. Therefore, it is incomplete that the arterial blood supply is blocked when the neck is compressed. Only jugular reflux obstruction is usually more serious. However, the obstruction of jugular vein reflux cannot be formed immediately after the Adam's apple is compressed. Therefore, it will take some time for the head congestion, intracranial pressure increase and brain hypoxia caused by insufficient arterial blood supply and blocked venous return to really form.
Whether the respiratory tract is compressed to block pulmonary ventilation or the arteriovenous blood vessels are compressed to block cerebral circulation blood flow, the concentration of carbon dioxide in cerebral blood flow will continue to increase, and the partial pressure of oxygen will gradually decrease, leading to brain hypoxia and death. After the formation of brain hypoxia, brain tissue still has a certain tolerance time. Generally, brain hypoxia can make people fall into coma 1-3 minutes, and it takes 5-6 minutes for people to die completely. After the formation of cerebral hypoxia, it will also stimulate the "chemical sensory device" in the carotid artery, which will make people have a strong desire to take a deep breath, and then will produce the fear of suffocation and dying resistance and struggle. In the case of strong resistance, the death rate is usually slow, which usually takes several minutes.
2, hitting the Adam's apple can kill you immediately.
Punching the Adam's apple with fists and palms can kill people immediately. This is mainly due to the strong stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve on the Adam's apple and the vagus plexus on the esophagus, which leads to the reflex inhibition of heartbeat and breathing.
The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch of vagus nerve and an important sensory nerve terminal under the skin of the neck. Esophageal vagal plexus is on the esophagus near the posterior wall of trachea, and it is formed by interweaving left and right vagal nerves. Vagus nerve is connected with the center of vagus nerve in the medulla oblongata, which has a strong inhibitory effect on heartbeat and respiration. A strong attack on the Adam's apple will stimulate the superior laryngeal nerve and esophageal vagus plexus to generate strong excitement, which will spread to the medulla oblongata, causing reflex asphyxia, sudden asphyxia, a sharp drop in heart rate and blood pressure, and even lead to respiratory and cardiac arrest, which will immediately lead to coma or death.
Seven, the key to the human body-face
The key points of the face are mainly nose and triangle.
The external nose is located in the center of the face and is a bony structure composed of bones and cartilage. The facial triangle refers to the triangle area below the root of the alar and above the tip of the nose, from both sides of the alar to the outside of the mouth. Punching the nasal triangle can not only directly damage the nasal bone, but also be potentially life-threatening.
1, the direct consequence of nasal bone injury
The external nose and nasal cavity are supported by bone and cartilage and directly cover the skin. Because of the existence of nasal cartilage, the bony structure of the nose becomes fragile. At the same time, the nasal surface and nasal cavity lack subcutaneous tissue, which is neither rich in muscle nor fat. In the external nostril, the skin is directly connected with the perichondrium. Deep in the nasal cavity, the nasal mucosa directly covers the nasal bone and cartilage. Therefore, when the nose is injured, the pain is very serious. In addition, there are two small torn bones on both sides of the nasal bone. Lacrimal bone is thin and brittle, and pressing it will cause nasal acid and tears. Blunt force on the nose, such as boxing or hitting the bridge of the nose with a blunt object, can break the nasal bone and cause the bridge of the nose to collapse. When violence acts on the top of the bridge of the nose, it causes the frontal collapse of the bridge of the nose and saddle deformity. When violence acts on one side of the bridge of the nose, the bridge of the nose on the same side of the striking face collapses, the opposite side bulges, and the bridge of the nose is skewed. Sometimes a violent blow to one side of the bridge of the nose will not only break the nasal bone, but also involve the fracture of the lower orbit. Fracture of nasal bone can lead to massive nose bleeding, abnormal pain, tears in both eyes and temporary visual impairment.
2. Potential danger of nose injury
There are many bone cavities around the nasal cavity, which are called sinuses. Sinus includes maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinus, frontal sinus and sphenoid sinus. These sinuses communicate with nasal cavity and cranial cavity. Nasal bone injuries usually involve sinuses. Sinus injury is usually more serious than nasal bone injury. Injury of frontal sinus, ethmoid sinus and sphenoid sinus often leads to skull base fracture, which makes cerebrospinal fluid leak from nasal cavity. Tearing of maxillary sinus wall can cause enophthalmos and diplopia. Injury of ethmoid sinus can lead to visual impairment or even blindness due to compression of optic nerve.
The leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from nasal cavity is a strong evidence of sinus injury and skull base fracture. After nasal bone injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage is often mixed with a large number of nosebleeds, which flow out of the nasal cavity and are difficult to identify at a glance. To judge whether there is cerebrospinal fluid flowing out, the colored liquid flowing out of the nasal cavity can be dripped on gauze or absorbent paper, and a circle of round blush soaked in water will soon appear around the first fruit blood, so that it can be determined that cerebrospinal fluid is leaking.
The real danger of cerebrospinal fluid leakage lies in retrograde intracranial infection, which leads to meningitis. Laceration of paranasal sinuses makes skull base fracture communicate with nasal cavity, and external bacteria can invade the brain retrograde at any time. A little carelessness may cause life danger. Therefore, if cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea occurs, it should be allowed to flow naturally, and it must not be washed or stuffed to stop bleeding or cerebrospinal fluid leakage, so as not to endanger life.
3, the potential danger of nasal bleeding
After the bridge of the nose is hit hard, there is a lot of bleeding in the nasal cavity, which is very common at ordinary times. The blood supply of the nose is abundant, and there are four arteries: dorsal nasal artery, internal frontal artery, medial canthus artery and anterior ethmoid artery. Moreover, the blood vessels in the nasal mucosa are easily ruptured. Therefore, no matter the severity of nasal trauma, nosebleeds are prone to occur.
The harm of nosebleed does not lie in blood loss itself. The real danger is nose bleeding, flowing down the throat, causing aspiration. At the back of the nasal cavity, because the nasopharynx is connected, bleeding in the back of the nasal cavity or sinus can easily enter the respiratory tract by mistake, blocking breathing, causing choking or suffocation, which is life-threatening. Some people are used to looking up after nosebleeds, trying to stop the bleeding. In fact, it is more dangerous to let blood flow into the respiratory tract. The correct way is to bend your head forward and breathe through your mouth instead of your nose to avoid aspiration.
4, the potential danger of surface triangle damage
The facial triangle is also called the facial danger zone. Violent attacks on the triangle are generally harmless as long as the epidermis tissue is not damaged, but the epidermis damage in the triangle will have fatal consequences.
In the facial triangle, there are abundant nerves and blood vessels, especially venous blood vessels. The facial vein has a special structure and no venous valve, which is easy to cause blood retrograde. However, facial venous blood reflux mostly enters the intracranial cavernous sinus through deep facial vein and canthus vein. Therefore, the facial triangle is damaged, and external bacteria can easily spread to the whole head and face through facial veins, and invade the skull along facial veins, causing intracranial infection, inducing meningitis and leading to life-threatening. Therefore, no matter how much bleeding, you can't squeeze it directly by hand, nor can you press it with unclean things to prevent bacterial infection and invasion of the brain.
Eight, the key to the human body-the neck
The key points of the neck are mainly the back of the neck and the side of the neck. Because the occipital part of the back of the head is close to the back of the neck, it is divided into the key points of the neck.
First, the occipital part refers to the upper and lower parts of the occipital tubercle at the back of the brain. The occipital part of the brain corresponds to the posterior cranial fossa, and there is no obvious boundary between the occipital part and the neck. Violent attacks on the occipital region often have fatal consequences. A long time ago, the pillow point in the middle of the back of the head was listed as a "fatal point" by the people.
1, the occipital part of the brain is prone to concussion.
Brain tissue is directly protected by the skull. The spinal cord nuclei under the skull, between the three cerebral capsules and in the ventricle also play a protective role in brain tissue. When the head is violently hit, the cerebrospinal fluid at the hit part will be immediately diverted to other parts to cushion the impact of external force on the brain. However, the buffering of various parts of the head to external violence is uneven. A person's forehead can bear a strong external force and has a good buffering effect on the impact of external force. Compared with the forehead, the occipital part has the worst tolerance to external impact. For example, a person can push a high-speed football with his forehead, and his forehead can also bear a heavy blow without being knocked down. If a high-speed football hits the back of the head or hits the back of the head, it is easy to knock people down. In the actual craniocerebral injury, the forehead is violently hit, and intracranial hematoma is rarely formed, while the occipital part is violently hit, but the incidence of intracranial hematoma is very high. It can be seen that the cushioning ability of occipital part to external force impact is far less than that of forehead. This phenomenon can be compared with the anatomical position of each ventricle in the cranial cavity.