Brief introduction of clinical manifestations of silicosis
1, the patients with symptoms and signs have no obvious symptoms and signs in the early stage, but with the progress of the course of disease, especially after the occurrence of complications, the symptoms and signs gradually become obvious. The most common symptoms are shortness of breath, chest pain, cough and palpitation, which are getting worse and worse. Symptoms include dry rales, wheezing and wet rales.
2. Typical X-ray manifestations are round-like, irregular small shadows and large shadows, which is an important basis for the diagnosis of silicosis.
Brief introduction of diagnostic principles of pneumoconiosis
Diagnostic principle: According to reliable productive dust exposure history, X-ray chest films with qualified technology and quality, combined with on-site occupational hygiene investigation data, referring to clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results, after excluding other similar lung diseases, according to pneumoconiosis diagnostic standards, the overall density of chest films should reach at least industrial grade and the distribution range should reach at least 2 lung areas before pneumoconiosis diagnosis can be made.
Brief introduction of clinical manifestations of coal workers' pneumoconiosis
Symptoms, signs and changes in lung function: Patients generally have no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and respiratory symptoms and signs such as pneumothorax, chest pain, chest tightness, cough and expectoration appear at the moment when their condition develops into massive fibrosis or complicated with bronchial and pulmonary infections, and the symptoms are more obvious when physical activity is enhanced. Due to extensive pulmonary fibrosis, the respiratory tract of coal workers' pneumoconiosis patients becomes smaller, especially when emphysema occurs. Pulmonary function examination showed that ventilation function, diffusion function and capillary gas exchange function decreased or were blocked.
Brief introduction of preventive measures for occupational noise deafness
Answer: ① Control the noise source: According to the production process, control or eliminate the noise source by technology to solve the noise hazard from the source.
② Control the spread of noise: apply sound absorption and noise elimination technology and equipment. Stop the spread of noise.
③ Implement the occupational health requirements for noise: strictly implement the occupational exposure limits requirements for noise in the occupational exposure limits of Hazardous Factors in the Workplace promulgated by the state, that is, work 5 days a week and 8 hours a day, and the steady-state noise limit is 85dB.
④ Strengthening health monitoring: strict pre-job health examination. Anyone who suffers from hearing organ diseases, organic diseases of central nervous system and cardiovascular system or autonomic nerve dysfunction shall not participate in noise operations.
⑤ Health education and personal protection: Strengthen occupational health education, reasonably arrange noise workers to rest and recover from hearing fatigue.
Brief introduction of heatstroke prevention measures.
In strict accordance with the hygienic standard for high-temperature work, a series of comprehensive heatstroke prevention and cooling measures have been taken, such as reforming production technology to minimize heat sources, strengthening mechanical ventilation or natural ventilation in high-temperature work environment, actively taking heat insulation measures, and strengthening personal health care and personal protection.
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