1. Look at Q\> SF .+~kJ0~Y Let’s first look at the materials used for Pipa. The materials of pipa, in terms of the material of the back plate, are divided into four types: top grade, high grade, mid grade, and low grade. The highest grade is made of red sandalwood, which has the best sound and the most expensive price. At present, there are very few pipas with a whole piece of red sandalwood backing. Although there are some, they are made of two or three pieces of red sandalwood. The high-end ones use mahogany as the backing material. There are many varieties of mahogany, among which old mahogany (black and red in color, which is difficult to buy at present) and new mahogany (light red in color, most of the mahogany pipa currently available on the market) It is this kind) as the backing material, the sound quality is better, and the price is slightly more expensive. The mid-range ones are made of rosewood and fragrant rosewood as backing materials, with good sound quality and moderate price. The second-grade ones use white wood (such as (hole) wood, etc.) as the backing material, which has poorer sound and the cheapest price. 8_,wOkk_B o6yZ@R The whole backing material is the best, and the elephant shell is the most expensive!";$Zu [-94=|S @ No matter what kind of material is used to make the backing, most of them use the whole backing material. If you don't like to use Because the backing material is made up of several pieces, it will not affect the appearance and sound when you buy it new, but after using it for a period of time, the traces of the stitching will be visible. , if it is degummed, the sound will also deteriorate. For the entire backing material, it is also necessary to check whether it is cracked or deformed. How to distinguish the backing material of rosewood, old mahogany and new mahogany? Use a knife to scrape off the paint on the upper end of the material, and then use the test method or use the naked eye to identify the wood grain and color. If you don't understand the wood grain color of rosewood and don't know how to test it, ask someone who can see it. Choose together, because there are too few red sandalwood materials at present, and it is inevitable to have shoddy materials. In terms of cost price, the materials used for Shankou, Liuxiang, and Phoenix pillows are divided into ivory and jade. , white horn, black horn, aggregate, mahogany, etc. Elephant shell is the most expensive and mahogany is the cheapest. There are several types of head flowers: ivory, jade, aggregate, etc. There are several types of precious seeds, including ivory, rosewood, boxwood, and mahogany. 1UWgOCc (dnc7KrM The head, string grooves, and strings must be evenly matched 3T^dgWXEG pY5HW2TsY| From the appearance of the pipa, the size of the head, the curvature of the string grooves, the slope of the four strings, the length, and thickness, etc. all depend on the shape of the pipa. The main thing is the uniformity and beautiful fit. The grinding work should be fine and the paint color should be elegant. The neck of the pipa (the six phases) should not be too thick or wide, and the first handle should not be too thick or wide. It will be very tiring to press the notes with the left hand, which is not conducive to the pressing action of the left hand, especially for women with shorter fingers. !/9Sb1_~ /'^>-!8_1 Carefully observe the phase and the left side of the first fret and first string. Are the distances between the outer end and the outer end of the fourth string similar? It is common that the distance between the first string and the left outer end of the first fret is shorter, and the distance between the fourth string and the right outer end of the first fret is longer. Play "Yin" on the sub-string. "When "pull", it is easy for the string body to slip out of the fret end and lose the sound. This is a manufacturing shortcoming. Most of the reasons are due to not sticking the back hand to the center of the lower abdomen of the panel, or due to Yamaguchi's string setting The reason is that it is opened to the left or unevenly: rc[j@|pH PS;*N 8 The compound hand surface should be horizontal jJ C( (1| B>2 1A9& The compound hand surface should be horizontal, not semicircular. , first of all, it is related to the pronunciation, and secondly, it is in a semicircular shape. When the string body is tightened upward, the string body at the top of the compound hand will be concave, where the string body will be easily broken. #$T"QL@ The first string is the thinnest, has the highest pitch, and is used more often. For this reason, the first string is the easiest to break and often needs to be replaced. Generally, saws are made below the turns of the compound strings. It can be used to change strings through this wire trough, which can save the time of changing strings. However, some manufacturers only cut a very thin wire trough and cannot use this wire trough to change strings. L 'Rapu q9]L!V 9Rv Therefore, this wire trough must be wider, and more of the back side of the wire trough must be removed to allow it to pass through. It is very convenient to change the principle of striking the string. H5t`E^E ?E@[~qq_ The fret and phase devices cannot be ignoredRL8 wSK SXF_)1QO\W The frets and phases are both phonetic devices on the pipa, and each fret has The position of the string must be very accurate. The arrangement between each fret should be very even from top to bottom and from wide to narrow. In particular, the distance between the upper end of the 18th fret and the string body should be at least 100%. O. 4 to O. 5 centimeters; if the distance exceeds O. 6 centimeters, you will feel tired when pressing the string. For this reason, the distance between the string body and the upper end of the 18th fret exceeds 0. The product is a manufacturing defect and should be replaced. A pipa with a golden and stone tone is the first choice for buyers. A pipa with good sound will make you love it and never let it go. The more I play, the more I love playing. It can be said that I never get tired of playing. Therefore, when purchasing a pipa, you must first play it and listen to its sound effects.
$4,6&dwg 4+bsG6i "sharp", "tang", "loose", "crispy" and "explosive" 4tWI)}+ak $Bb/GXn{\ The older generation of performers once listed the timbre of the pipa as "sharp" and "tang" There are five timbres: "loose", "crisp" and "explosive", and it is required that a pipa has five timbres: sharp, tang, loose, crisp and explosive. "Sharp" means that the sound of the lower treble is very bright; "tang" means that the sound of the upper bass area is very rich; "loose" means that the sound is very sensitive after playing the string; "crisp" means that the sound of the first, second, and third frets is very clear. The tone of the position is very crisp; "explosion" refers to the tone that can make the sound of gold and stone. The sound is thick and weighty, and the sound can be transmitted far. Among them, there are huge contradictions in the production of Tang, Song and Bao. For example, on the pipa that can produce the sound of hall and pine, the sound of explosive metal and stone cannot be heard in most cases. On the pipa that can produce the sound of solid and rich metal and stone, the sound effect of hall and pine is mostly lost. How to make a pipa have a loud volume, a very sensitive response, and at the same time a sound of metal and stone, and a solid and powerful tone. This is the goal of pipa masters, and it is also a technical issue in production. Here is No detailed introduction is given. ;O>fy :$' P2F>iK#U Lankao Paulownia panel is the best*h 6i9V%' iq -o$6Pg How is the technique of making the panel? The texture of the panel is good or bad, which has the most direct and most direct influence on the pronunciation of pipa. close relationship. In the past, panels were made of sycamore wood boards from Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui and other places. After many experiments and comparisons, it is now made using sycamore boards grown in Lankao, Henan. However, Lankao's paulownia boards also have advantages and disadvantages. But in a high-quality Lankao Paulownia tree, there are only two best boards. Whether the best paulownia board can be selected is another knowledge that the production masters have when selecting materials. h65j,v6B F{tSfKy2 The center of the panel is the best Y1IlH8+0 ;wrgpP3 When purchasing a Pipa, you can only see whether the wood grain on the surface of the panel is straight; whether the width between grains is appropriate; whether there are knots on the panel; Is there a gap in the center of the joint (the panels must be joined together, saw the core part of the tree, remove the hard part of the core part with poor sound transmission or place it on both sides of the left stone), etc., etc., such as the sub-kou The depth, width, position and thickness of the beam, the position of the sound column, its size and shape, whether there is a splayed beam, the curvature and depth of the inner chamber, etc. have all been completed. From the appearance, it is less than. 3R {y68-S The volume and tone of a pipa that is glued to its top with moisture-containing glue will change after five or ten years of playing. Because after a certain period of time, the water in the glue gradually evaporates, and the volume and tone will inevitably change. For this reason, when purchasing, you must ask whether water-containing glue is used. ;\N*iN#K y rk#)@/m Nowadays, chemical glue is also used when gluing panels. There are many types of chemical glues, and some newly glued panels have better acoustic effects. However, they have not passed years of practice and testing, and correct conclusions cannot be drawn about the fastness of the glue, whether there are changes in the acoustics, etc. wn&2-m*a 6* 7&X#gG Sensitive volume response and thick timbre are the best"Cb<~Dy _rd{cvdR When choosing a pipa and listening to the sound, you will generally like the pipa with loud volume and broad sound, ignoring the solid timbre ( (explosion) rich in the sound of gold and stone. We have proved through practice that most of the pipa with loud volume and broad sound lacks the sound of gold and stone and solid timbre. After playing for a period of time, although the volume is still very loud, the sound gradually loses its "weight". The sound becomes "empty", even "woody", and unpleasant to listen to. This is because after a certain period of playing, the panel is constantly vibrating, and the moisture and mucus in the wood of the panel has gradually decreased. When choosing a new pipa, you must not just rely on its loudness and broad sound. You must also listen for the sound of metal and stone, and whether the timbre is weighty and solid. Generally speaking, it is better to choose a pipa that does not have the highest volume, but has a very sensitive response and timbre. The thicker one is better. a 2TC, ;H lv Pay attention to the local climate characteristics/eQn$ZRP, q]x@q When choosing a pipa, you must also pay attention to the region whether it was made in the humid area of ??the south or in the dry area of ??the north. The pipa produced in the south is often selected to have a loud volume, a more sensitive response, and the tone is not "empty". However, after being brought to the dry area in the north, the tone will suddenly become "empty" after five or ten days of dry climate. "Wood". This is because the water and mucus in the panel are quickly evaporated. For this reason, when choosing a pipa from various musical instrument factories in the south, you must not only rely on the local pronunciation effect, but also consider the direction. Therefore, when choosing a pipa in the south, it is better to choose a pipa that is not loudest and has a solid tone. It is better to have a solid (explosive) tone and some weight.
H^G*5EQK N" TD$NrK\ For this reason, those who choose pipa must learn to listen and distinguish the "sharp", "tang", "loose", "crisp" and "explosive" various timbres, so that they can master each position during the audition. Only by listening to the four strings at each position of the strings and frets to see if all the above five tones are present can you buy an ideal pipa with a long service life.
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