1. Read the text correctly, fluently and emotionally.
2. Learn new words and phrases and accumulate rich languages.
3. Feel the situation described in the article and understand the meaning of couplets.
Second, the basic knowledge
1. New words:
Inscription, signature: title, inscription, wall, poem and inscription.
Quantifier refers to one ship: three ships.
Sudden: the weather is sudden, sudden, stormy.
Vegetables can be used for cooking: vegetables, vegetables, cloth and vegetables.
Molluscs that live in fresh water. Its shell is rectangular, its surface is dark brown, and there is a pearl layer in the shell. Some of them can produce pearls: mussel embryos.
Stones engraved with words to commemorate the cause, meritorious service or as symbols: stone tablets, monuments, tombstones, word of mouth, inscriptions, monuments.
2. Words that can be written:
Title couplets, a leaf boat, mussels, stone tablets, sunset, lakes and mountains, light smoke, fishing songs, fine waves like silver, sudden wind, fish and shrimp, lotus root, rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables.
3. Explain:
Touching the scene-touched by the scene in front of you, causing association and generating some feelings.
Third, teaching material analysis
1. Textbook features:
The phrase has the beautiful scenery of "the lake is full of light and the moon is fine", with rich product resources and strong local flavor. The article described Zheng Banqiao's personal scene with vivid and beautiful sentences, which produced profound feelings and wrote a good couplet.
2. Teaching focus:
Through the description of language, we can feel the beautiful scenery and rich feelings, so as to understand the feelings expressed in couplets.
3. Teaching difficulties:
Understand and comprehend the emotions contained in Zheng Banqiao's couplets.
4. Teaching breakthrough:
Taking the author's immersive description of beautiful scenery and objects as the starting point, fully imagine Zheng Banqiao's mood and feelings at that time, so as to understand the emotions contained in the couplets.
Fourthly, the design of teaching methods.
Teaching content:
Learn new words, understand the text and feel the feelings brought by couplets.
Teaching process:
1. Reading questions.
Why did Zheng Banqiao give fishermen a joint title? What is the content of couplets? ……
2. Read the text and understand the main idea.
3. Learn new words and phrases and clear up writing obstacles.
4. Deeply understand the text and solve questions.
(1) What is the content of Zheng Banqiao's couplets?
"Half a bay is flowing, a thousand rivers are in January, and a grain of sand sinks."
(2) Communicate in groups to understand the profound meaning of this couplet.
(3) Report what you have learned in combination with the content of the text.
"Half a Bay Flows a Thousand Rivers and Moons"-"Zheng Banqiao took the boat ..." blurted out.
What a "lake and moon color map". What kind of lake and moon color map is this?
Fully feel the beauty of the scenery.
"A grain of sand sinks a thousand welcome beads"-"Fisherman tells Zheng Banqiao" ... really "
Zheng Banqiao was immersed in the joy of fishermen. What kind of joy is this? Fully feel rich and profound.
5. Read this couplet and its corresponding description with deep affection.
6. Extracurricular expansion.
Collect more couplets and tell the stories inside.
Five, the blackboard design
Zheng Banqiao's title is awarded to fishermen.
Half a bay is full of flowing water, and thousands of rivers are beautiful.
lenient
A Wan Hu pearl with heavy sand is rich in things.
Data index and essence of intransitive verbs
Introduction-Zheng Banqiao
Zheng Banqiao was a painter of Zheng Xie in the Qing Dynasty (1693.1.22-1765.1.22). The word kerou,no. Banqiao. Xinghua, Jiangsu province, Kangxi imperial examination champion. Juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, and Jinshi in the first year of Qianlong (1736). Officials in Fan County and Wei County of Shandong Province have a political voice, "Please ask for help for people who are hungry at the age of 20, become a big official, and then ask for illness." Before and after he became an official, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by painting and calligraphy. Poetry, words, good books and good paintings. Poetry despises idioms. He is good at drawing flowers, wood and stones, especially orchids and bamboo. Books are also unique, with mixed official texts and sample books, calling themselves "six and a half books". Sometimes it is done through painting. The brushwork of the seal is simple and ancient. As one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", his poems, books and paintings are praised as "three wonders" and he is good at painting Zhu Lan. Zheng Xie painted bamboo the most in his life, followed by orchids and stones, but he also painted pines and chrysanthemums. He is a representative literati painter in Qing Dynasty. At the age of 73.
Teaching objectives of Article 2
1. Know 7 new words and write 6 words;
2. Reading the text with emotion, I realized that "a half-bay flowing water, a thousand rivers and a moon, a grain of sand sinks." The situation described in this couplet;
3. Through the study of this lesson, we can get a preliminary understanding of the knowledge about couplets and stimulate students' love for the unique art form of Chinese.
Teaching preparation
1. Collect relevant information about the author (Zheng Banqiao);
2. Collect couplets and information about their characteristics.
Class arrangement
1 class hour
teaching process
First of all, talk about introduction.
1. What do you know about Zheng Banqiao?
2. Exchange information about Zheng Banqiao.
3. Read the topics together and ask questions that interest you.
Why did Zheng Banqiao write an inscription for fishermen?
* What kind of couplets did Zheng Banqiao write for fishermen?
* What does this couplet mean?
Second, read the text for the first time and read the pronunciation correctly.
1. Read the text freely and read the correct pronunciation by combining the vocabulary and reference books at the back of the book.
2. Noticeable pronunciations are: evening, curl, sudden gale, lotus root and welcome.
3. Read the text by name, and other students listen to the pronunciation correctly.
Find out the pronunciation and meaning of words by looking them up in the dictionary.
Welcome: the name of measuring instruments was ten buckets in ancient times, followed by five buckets.
5. Emphasize the error-prone new words, such as: the stroke order of "boat"; "Sudden" 12 stroke is "Hey" and cannot be lost; 1 1 of "monument" is "Yi".
Third, read the text again and realize what the author saw at that time.
1. In order to vividly describe what Zheng Banqiao saw and heard on the way to Xinghua by boat, the author pays great attention to the four-character pattern in his words and sentences. Please look for it.
2. Read these words with emotion: "The lake is colorful", "Smoke from kitchen chimneys", "Fishing songs burst" and so on.
3. Create situations, render atmosphere and guide reading.
4. Questions raised before the exchange class: Instruct the recitation of the couplet "Half-bay flowing water, a thousand rivers and moons, a pearl sinking sand".
5. Draw the first sentence of a couplet, which sentence of genre corresponds to it? Which sentences in the text were written in the second half of the couplet?
6. Guide the reading of the first and third paragraphs respectively.
7. Communicate your understanding of the text and imagine what Zheng Banqiao saw at that time.
8. Go back and read this meaningful couplet.
Fourth, recite and accumulate.
1. recite couplets. 2. Recite the sentences that you think are beautifully described.
3. After class, read the article "Duji Mountain Couplet" in "Accumulation".
Chapter III Teaching Objectives
1. Know 7 new words and write 6 words;
2. Reading the text with emotion, I realized that "a half-bay flowing water, a thousand rivers and a moon, a grain of sand sinks." The situation described in this couplet;
3. Through the study of this lesson, we can get a preliminary understanding of the knowledge about couplets and stimulate students' love for the unique art form of Chinese.
Teaching preparation
1. Collect relevant information about the author (Zheng Banqiao);
2. Collect relevant information about couplets and their characteristics;
Class arrangement
1 class hour
teaching process
Couplets are written in pairs, concise, neat and balanced, which is a unique expression of Chinese language. It can be said that it is the treasure of our Chinese nation. Today we will learn a story about couplets.
Second, give priority to reading and explore while reading.
1. Read independently. Requirements:
(1) Read through the text and read the difficult sentences several times. New words and phrases can be solved by reference books.
(2) Mark out what you don't understand and what you have doubts about.
Reporting and communication
(1) Study groups exchange learning situations. What have you read?
(2) Put forward difficult problems in learning.
3. Read it by yourself: Please use your favorite learning method to solve the above problems. Teachers' patrol guidance.
Third, guide reading aloud.
1. Read couplets with your understanding.
2. Read freely and guide students to read beautiful pictures and sincere feelings according to their own feelings.
Conclusion: We not only enjoyed these beautiful couplets, but also got to know the famous calligrapher and writer Zheng Banqiao. Let's finally read this meaningful couplet.
Homework: collect couplets in life and let's exchange them.
related data
1. A pair of couplets, consisting of upper couplet, lower couplet and horizontal batch. The one on the right is called the upper part, the one on the left is called the lower part, and the one above is called horizontal batch, also called horizontal quantity.
2. There is no limit to the number of words in the upper and lower couplets. Only two or three words, dozens or hundreds of long couplets are composed of several clauses. In any case, the number of words in the upper and lower couplets must be equal. The meaning of horizontal criticism should make the finishing point with the upper and lower couplets, usually four words, but also five or six words. Some couplets may or may not be used for horizontal criticism.
3. The characteristics of couplets mainly include the following points:
(1) is symmetrical in form. The left and right banners must have the same number of words and be combined into a couplet, which is called upper couplet and lower couplet.
(2) Meaning correlation. A basic requirement of couplets is that the upper and lower couplets must express complete meaning.
(3) Pay attention to antithesis. Dueling is also called duality. Dual figures of speech form the basis of couplets.
(4) hierarchy and level. The requirements of parallel prose couplets are basically the same as those of old-style poems, regular poems and necklaces. 4. Zheng Banqiao's funny couplets
4. Zheng Banqiao took office
On the day when Zheng Banqiao took office in wei county, Shandong Province, Wei County was decorated with lanterns and firecrackers to welcome the arrival of the new county magistrate. However, Zheng Banqiao did not close the door before coming to the yamen, but ordered his men to dig holes in the wall. After a while, ten holes as big as copper pots were cut in the wall, and the inside could be seen from the outside.
At this moment, a man asked in a low voice, "My Lord, why did you dig so many holes in a good wall?" Zheng Banqiao said with a smile, "I heard that some officials used to extort money from the people, which made them complain. I want to let go of the remaining corrupt bureaucrats in the yamen, and I have to dig some holes to get some air! "
After the hole was dug, he immediately posted a striking notice at the entrance of the yamen:' This official accepts complaints day and night. "Then Zheng Banqiao personally wrote a couplet:
The eight characters of the black lacquer yamen are open,
Don't come in if you have money.
As a result, people complained and complained in an endless stream, and he was busy until dawn. Because of Zheng Banqiao's fair judgment, people call him "the only thrill".
5. Zheng Banqiao's self-portrait
Zheng Banqiao is known as one of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, and he is excellent in poetry, calligraphy and painting. One day, a good friend of Zheng Banqiao smiled and said to him, "You are very witty. Write yourself a couplet. " Zheng Banqiao didn't think it was a joke, and immediately wrote seriously:
Modest bamboo has curved leaves,
Ao Xuemei doesn't have 200 branches.
This couplet is indeed a self-portrait of Zheng Banqiao. He strives for perfection in art, is meticulous, and is always willing to consult others humbly; However, a bad style, a feudal official, never went with the flow. Therefore, although he was an official, he cared about the people everywhere and was finally dismissed. This couplet, written by himself, vividly depicts Zheng Banqiao's open-minded, studious and upright character.
Get to the point
On one occasion, Zheng Banqiao gave some of his poems to his friends and attached a poem, which wrote: "My poem has no voice, but it is full of people;" The stubborn stone is messy, so you can use a giant axe. " He asked his friends to chop down rocks and trees in his poems with a huge axe.
Zheng Banqiao especially cherishes criticism from others. He once wrote a couplet:
What's the advantage of posing and praising others,
Curses at the penetration point are also good.
He thinks that vulgar support is useless, but realistic and pertinent criticism is very valuable. Lu Xun appreciated this couplet very much and specially presented it to Japanese sinologist Masuda in calligraphy.
7. Lake light and moon color map
One autumn day, Zheng Banqiao rented a boat and went to Xinghua North Lane. When the ship arrived at Baozhong Lake, it was already sunset and the sun was setting. The boatman paddles behind the boat, the boat is swinging leisurely, and the Banqiao sits at the bow, enjoying the lakes and mountains. Looking up at the middle of the lake, smoke curled up from fishing boats; Listen to the lake beach, there is a boat full of fishing songs. It is getting dark. Banqiao was about to return to the cabin when he suddenly felt his eyes shine, but he saw half a first quarter moon leap out of the lake. The bright moonlight reflects fine microwave waves and shines like broken silver on the whole lake. What a "lake and moon color map"! Banqiao blurted out: "Half the bay is full of running water." The first couplet, Banqiao was meditating on the second couplet, and the sky suddenly changed. I don't know where a gust of wind blew, and the calm lake suddenly churned, the boat capsized and people were thrown into the water. At the critical moment, several small boats coming home nearby approached in a hurry. The fishermen rescued Banqiao and the boatman from the water and warmly invited them to the village to change clothes and have dinner. During the dinner, fishermen told Banqiao: There are fish, shrimp, lotus root, rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables on the shore, a big clam in the lake, and pearls as big as mung beans are often collected!
Listen, Banqiao is immersed in the joy of fishermen. Yes, here is a drop of water and a grain of sand. Which one is not a treasure? It is really a "grain of sand"!
When parting, fishermen's friends asked him to write a few words, and Banqiao readily picked up a pen:
Half the bay is full of flowing water,
A grain of sand.
After Banqiao left, local fishermen asked masons to carve Banqiao's handwriting on the stone tablet as a souvenir.
8. Banqiao gravity chain
Zheng Banqiao was born in a poor family in his early years, and he only served as magistrate of a county twice in his life. He was honest and considerate, and was dismissed for helping farmers win lawsuits and handling relief. Before and after he became an official, he lived in Yangzhou to sell paintings. On his 60th birthday, he wrote himself a birthday couplet:
Often a guest, why ask Corning; But there is more money in the bag, more wine in the urn and more food in the kettle. Take a few leaves to enjoy old paper and let the waves sing; Rich and rich, stubborn in appearance, smart in facial features, better than thousands of officials, and fewer people in their sixties;
If you want to be immortal, there will be trouble in the air; Only make the ears have no vulgar sounds, eyes have no vulgar things, and the chest has no vulgar things. A few random new flowers interspersed vertically and horizontally; Going to bed late and getting up early, like two days a day, is over 100 years old.
This pair of couplets is very interesting and easy to write, which vividly shows Zheng Banqiao's demeanor and mind, as well as his interest and personality in his later years.
9. The old man is very clever to Zheng Banqiao.
There was a teacher in the Qing Dynasty who worked as a teacher in a rich family. In the spring, the two sides agreed to pay 8 dollars a year. But by the end of the year, the master not only didn't give a penny, but also dismissed the old man. The old man went to the county government to complain. After listening to the old man's complaint, Zheng Banqiao, the county magistrate, said, "I'm afraid you are just ignorant and misled others. Otherwise, how could people not give you a reward?" I'm going to test you on the spot today to see how your knowledge is. "The old man quickly defended himself and expressed his willingness to take the exam on the spot. Zheng Banqiao casually pointed to the lanterns hanging in the hall and said, "Let's take lanterns as the topic. I'll do the first part and you do the second part. " So Zheng Banqiao made a top allied:
Four lamps, a single layer of paper, brilliant, shining everywhere in the southeast and northwest;
The old man listened, thought for a moment, and then blurted out:
A year's study, eight hanging money, hard work, through spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Hearing this, Zheng Banqiao appreciated the old man's talent and immediately ordered the defendant to be sent to the closure.