Since the pre-Qin period, people have attached great importance to the relationship between diet and hygiene, diet and health, and formed a progressive concept of diet. Confucius was very particular about diet. He proposed? Never tired of eating, never tired of eating? Dietary requirements, advocate not eating more than a dozen. Its words say:
If you eat it, the fish will be hungry, the meat will be defeated, and you will not eat it. Evil color, no food. It stinks and does not eat. No food, no food. From time to time, there is no food. Don't eat it if it's not cut properly. No sauce, no food. Although there is a lot of meat, there is nothing better than eating. There is no limit to wine, and it is not chaotic. The wine market is full of pickled food. No ginger, no more? Sacrifice the meat in three days. Go out for three days and stop eating.
From Confucius? No food? You see, most of them meet the hygiene standards, and they are still the dietary principles that should be followed today. For example, does it mean that rice will deteriorate and stink when heated, and fish will rot and deteriorate? Grace. The meat has rotted and deteriorated? Defeated Corrupt and deteriorated food is extremely harmful to human body.
? Don't lose food? Don't eat undercooked food. ? Don't eat the bacon in the market? Some bulk food and drinks bought on the street are not clean, so you can't eat them casually. ? Although there is a lot of meat, it is not better than eating? This means that the diet should be mainly grain, and don't eat too much meat. ? Not eating much? Eat in moderation and don't overeat.
In short, more than two thousand years ago, Confucius put forward so many ideas about not eating food that does not meet the hygiene standards, which is commendable.
In China ancient literati's diet view, they paid great attention to the reasonable diet structure. During the Han and Tang dynasties, people advocated the use of mixed foods such as grain, fruit, vegetables and livestock to ensure the reasonable collocation of food nutrients. Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "A Thousand Daughters Should Be Prescribed?" Tao Lin leads nature and points out every kind of food? Often need to eat less meat and more rice? . This principle of food collocation, with food as the main ingredient and meat as the supplement, meets the requirements of nutrition and health care.
Ancient scholars also generally believed that it was necessary to control diet and oppose eating many delicious things, which would increase the burden on the stomach and affect digestion. "Lu Chunqiu? Bunsen said:? Fat meat and thick wine, self-improvement, life is called rotten intestines. ? Sun Simiao also believes that eating too much will make people short-lived. He is in "1000 dollars? "Nourishing nature says:? I didn't eat or sleep, and I was not overdue for a month. I was sick.
Li Yu, a famous playwright in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, was versatile and very particular about diet. In his book "Casual Hair"? Nursing department? Sip? Make a special comment on the way you eat. Li Yu's diet view is different from the traditional diet health preserving theory. For example, he thinks? Eating is also very important. Want to keep healthy through diet, want to be close to people who have nothing to do with sex? . Is that the diet should be people-oriented? Sex? To arrange. ? Sex? Temperament, habit. Because? Sex? It varies from person to person, so the dietary taboos stipulated in books like "Materia Medica" may not be suitable for everyone.
According to? Sex? For the principle of arranging diet, Li Yu put forward six specific diet methods:
First, food lovers eat more; Li Yu believes that if you love food all your life, you can keep fit, so you don't have to look up materia medica. ? Second, people who are afraid of eating eat less; If you eat food that you don't naturally like, it will not only be bad for your health, but also lead to disease. Third, I am too hungry to eat enough; Is to control the diet, not overeating because of hunger. The fourth one is too full to be hungry; Li Yu said: the degree of hunger and drinking should not exceed seven points. ? Fifth, don't eat when you are angry and sad; Because? When you are angry, food is easy to eat but difficult to consume. When you are sad, food is difficult to consume, difficult to consume? . Sixth, don't eat when you are tired and bored; Eat because you are tired. And then the food stops in the middle and can't be eaten? Eat when you are bored. Not particularly, but vomiting followed? .
Yuan Mei, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, was also very particular about diet. Menu with the Garden is a cooking monograph written in his later years, and it is an important work that systematically discusses the cooking techniques and dishes in the north and south.
Yuan Mei believes that cooking is like learning, which should be? Prophet before you act? . Are you online? Withdraw from the list? Yuan Mei suggested that bad habits should be eliminated in diet. If he asks? Ear-abstinence meal? . What is this? What's the service for people who eat by ear? . He accused those who blindly flaunt their diet and unilaterally pursue luxury dishes: in the name of greed and praise, it is not a meal. I don't know that tofu tastes far better than bird's nest, and laver is not as good as vegetable bamboo shoots. ? Yuan Mei also advocated? Don't eat? ,? Is a glutton also called gluttony? . Yuan Mei said:
Multiple folding bowls are for seeing, not eating. If you don't know how to write by hand, you will fail. If a celebrity writes poetry, you will have very tired sentences. With the efforts of a famous chef, the dishes are only four or five flavors, which is difficult to determine. What is the difference?
What's Yuan Mei's attitude towards diet? Forced? It's also disgusting. He said:
As soon as a dish is served, it is reasonable for guests to raise chopsticks. It is thin and fat, and each has its own advantages. It is reasonable to listen to the changes of the guests. Why force it? It's annoying to see the host holding it with chopsticks and there is no bowl in the dirty plate before folding the guests.
It is unscientific or even impolite to send gifts by force, no matter from the perspective of food hygiene or personal eating habits.
Lu You, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, lived for more than 80 years. He is an old man. In his later years, he was still alert and able to collect firewood on the mountain, which was directly related to his good physical adjustment and proper diet. He has a poem:? I am very healthy, very healthy. Careless, all diseases are caused by AIDS. ? In his later years, he summed up his way of keeping in good health. The first is a moderate diet. Eating and drinking in the morning makes you rich by strength alone. Stop if you're not so full. You don't have to do anything. ? Secondly, take a walk after dinner. Eat, take fifty or seventy steps, then untie your belt and lie down with a low pillow. Is this the most urgent thing for health preservation? . In his daily diet, Lu You likes to be a vegetarian, drink porridge and eat rice, and wild vegetables are also his hobbies.
Ancient scholars in China knew the importance of diet, and many of them were well versed in it. Their dietary concepts and habits are reasonable and still worth learning.