Beautiful artistic conception
The article begins with concise strokes, outlining the background of the Fuchun River landscape: the sun is bright, the sky is high and the clouds are clear, the air is fresh, the mountains are green, and the general scenery is beautiful. The overall impression of the water trip from Fuyang to Tonglu: "Strange mountains and rivers, unique in the world." In the second paragraph, write "different water". First, I grasped its "ethereal" characteristics and wrote about its crystal clear static beauty: The water seems to be transparent, and you can see the bottom at a glance. Even the fish that come and go quickly and the numerous fine stones on the bottom of the water are all visible. It has an unobstructed view. Then, he uses metaphors and exaggeration to outline the dynamic beauty of the rapid waves: sometimes the water rushes swiftly and violently, plummeting thousands of miles, which makes people feel thrilling. Such a description, there is movement in the stillness, and the combination of movement and stillness shows the beauty and spectacular beauty of the Fuchun River, and highlights the word "different".
In the third paragraph, write "strange mountain". First of all, from the perspective of shape, the wonder of the mountain itself is described. The wonder lies in "racing against the negative momentum" and "fighting for the heights and pointing directly". Mountains are originally static, but in the author's writings, they seem to have infinite vitality. They seem to break away from the earth and go straight to the sky. If they want to go up, they will become "thousands of peaks", with mountains upon mountains. Secondly, I wrote about the wonder of the sounds of nature in the empty mountain from the perspective of sound. In the empty mountain valley, the springs tinkled, the birds sang in harmony, the cicadas kept singing, and the apes couldn't stop crying. These cheerful sounds merged into an ode to life, turning this silent valley into a A lively, harmonious, joyful and peaceful world. The mountain contains these lives, and these lives give the mountain infinite vitality. Once again, from the perspective of color, he writes about the wonder of the sun and the lack of light in the mountains and forests. Although it is sunny outside the mountains, there is a unique scene in the mountains. The author's style of writing changes from dynamic to still, describing a dark scene in the valley with dense trees and thick shade, with only "sometimes the sun can be seen" during the day. This section describes the shape, sound, and color of the mountain, all closely related to the word "odd".
The author grasps the characteristics of this mountain and water, skillfully combines movement and stillness, sound and color, light and shadow, and paints a landscape picture full of vitality for readers, allowing readers to fully enjoy the scenery on both sides of the Fuchun River. "The beauty of mountains and rivers".
Zhiqumei
This article focuses on describing the scenery, and there is very little direct lyrical language. However, excellent articles have always paid attention to the interplay of scenes. People can appreciate the author's noble aspirations and noble feelings from the author's description of the scenery and a few sentences about his impressions. From the first sentence "Drifting on the current, whatever you want", you can feel the ease and comfort of enjoying freedom, unrestrained, and unencumbered; from the description of the landscape, you can experience the author's love for nature and freedom, and his love for nature. A celebration of vitality. What is even more admirable is that when describing the mountain scenery, the author inserted two sentences: "Those who fly violently to the sky look at the peaks and rest their minds; those who are economical in worldly affairs look into the valleys and forget to rebel." These few sentences not only highlight the soul-stirring charm of dangerous peaks and valleys from the side, but also convey the author's disdain for fame and fortune and his weariness with officialdom and government affairs.
Taking it carefully, the author's ambition is different from the active participation in the world of "knowing that it is impossible and doing it", and also different from the passive retreat from the world of "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and leisurely seeing the southern mountains". It is an admiration for relaxed nature, a yearning for freedom and harmony, and a tribute to joyful life. It is less serious and more unrestrained than the former, less pessimistic and more cheerful than the latter. Therefore, it has a more ordinary mentality, and is easier for people to accept and feel friendly.
Beautiful language
This article is a landscape sketch written in parallel style. Parallel prose is often organized into four characters and six characters, so it is also called "four or six characters". This article only has more than 140 words. The author uses fresh writing and vivid descriptions to tell his friends about the mountains and waters he saw from Fuyang on the Fuchun River to Tonglu, so that his friends can share the beauty of Fuchun mountains and rivers. [2]
Parallel prose (pián) is a literary style that pays attention to form. The author Wu Jun was a well-known parallel prose writer in the Southern Dynasties. His representative work "Sishu with Zhu Yuan" naturally maintains the characteristics of parallel prose. The article basically follows the requirements of parallel prose, mainly using four-character sentences and six-character sentences, and uses a lot of couplets in the second half of the article, such as "The spring water stirs the rocks, making a cool sound; the good birds sing to each other, and their chirping becomes a rhyme", "Cicadas Then it will turn a thousand times without end, and the ape will scream a hundred times without end." This achieves the expression effect of neat sentence structure, harmonious phonology, contrasting ideas, and contrasting ideas. It is catchy to read and has a strong sense of rhythm.
But the article is different from the ordinary parallel prose at that time. It breaks the formal constraints of parallel prose to a certain extent and reflects valuable breakthroughs and innovations. First, in four-character sentences and six-character sentences, an alternating pattern of five-character and four-character sentences is used, such as "Those who fly violently to the sky will look at the peaks and rest their minds; those who are economical in worldly affairs will peek into the valley and forget to rebel." This avoids It eliminates the rigid and uniform shortcomings of parallel prose and makes the language appear lively and free; secondly, the first half of the article has almost no duality, which is no different from ordinary prose (especially the first section), while the second half is basically full of neat couplets, so The combination of parallel prose and the alternating arrangement of density and density makes the language flexible and more rhythmic; thirdly, the article does not pile up allusions like ordinary parallel prose, and even deliberately uses cold and rare characters to describe the scenery, and strives to accurately convey the spirit. It makes the language of the article appear fresh, natural, vivid and smooth, and it appears to be outstanding and otherworldly in the parallel prose that was dominated by gorgeous and unrestrained prose at that time.
Beautiful structure
Although "Books with Zhu Yuansi" is short in length, it is very organized.
The first paragraph of the article leads the whole article with the character "strange mountains and strange waters, unique in the world". The second and third paragraphs respectively inherit the two aspects of "strange mountains and strange mountains" and surround the words "unique in the world". "The two characters unfold and describe, and the structure is broad and clear in context. The sequence of describing the scenery is "water" first and then "mountain", unfolding layer by layer from near to far, which is in line with the viewing habit of "drifting with the current" and is clear and organized.
In the focus of describing scenery, write "mountain" in detail in the whole text and shorthand "water"; for the part about "water", write down static and shorthand for dynamic; for the part about "mountain", write down dynamic in detail and shorthand "static". . This not only highlights the main features of the scenery, but also makes it appear detailed and appropriate, with a moderate degree of importance.
Reading "Books with Zhu Yuansi" is like reading a good poem, because it not only has poem-like language with meaningful words and harmonious syllables, but is also permeated with fresh and elegant poetic sentiment; reading "Books with Zhu Yuansi" "Book" is like appreciating a freehand landscape painting, because it has distinctive scenery and a clear and free painting style. In short, the article has beautiful scenes and excellent words, which can give people the enjoyment of beauty and the joy of the soul.