Huangling County has mountains and rivers, a climate suitable for forests, fertile soil, thick vegetation, lush grass and trees, and rich forest resources. Qiaoshan, a branch of the Ziwuling Mountains, gradually extends from northwest to southeast, forming a natural secondary forest area dominated by pine, cypress, poplar, birch and oak. A small number of patchy artificial forests are distributed in the plateau and ravine areas in the eastern part of the county.
According to the forest resources inventory data of the Northwest Forestry Survey and Design Institute and the County Forestry Bureau in 1985, Huangling County has 2.8 million acres of forestry land, accounting for 82% of the total area. Among them: there are 2.12 million acres of forest land, accounting for 76% of the forestry land, and the total forest stock volume is 6.87 million cubic meters. It is listed as one of the key forestry counties in Shaanxi Province.
According to Shi Nianhai’s book "The Changes of Forests and Grasslands in the Loess Plateau": "In historical times, forests grew everywhere on the plains, hills, and mountains of the Loess Plateau." Exploration data from the 185th Exploration Team of Shaanxi Province It also shows that the raw coal in the Diantou area was formed by the dense forests that covered the area in ancient times. In ancient times, Huangling area was densely forested. Due to repeated damage such as wars, fires and man-made deforestation in the past dynasties, the original forest in Qiaoshan gradually succeeded and formed the current natural secondary forest.
Before the Republic of China, feudal landowners and mountain owners cut down forests at will, resulting in bald mountains and muddy water, and no grain available from the land. There is a popular saying among the local people: "If there is forest but no drought control, and if there is land but no grain harvesting, the situation of the poor is really terrible." From 1945 to 1947, forest fires occurred many times, causing forest resources to be destroyed. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party and government doubled down on the protection of forest resources. Since 1954, administrative and business management agencies have been established to manage and protect forests. In 1961, the Qiaoshan Forestry Bureau was established and has taken charge of the Qiaoshan Forestry Area to this day. In the 40 years of forest management, Huangling County forestry departments at all levels have adhered to the "silviculture-based" policy. On the basis of protecting existing forest resources, they have actively carried out operations centered on the management, cultivation, transformation and utilization of secondary forests. Various forestry productions and scientific afforestation are implemented, so that the forest area continues to expand and the economic benefits gradually increase. The forest area of ??the western forest region increased from 938,000 acres in 1955 to 2.01 million acres in 1985, the forest stock volume increased from 3.973 million cubic meters in 1955 to 6.581 million cubic meters in 1985, and the forest coverage rate increased from 42.7 in 1955 % increased to 82.9% in 1985. By the end of 1989, it had provided the country with a total of 577,000 cubic meters of various types of commercial materials, and paid taxes of 7.684 million yuan.
The area of ??forest vegetation continues to expand, and its various protective effects such as water conservation, soil and water conservation, and climate regulation are fully utilized, reducing the sediment load of the Ju River that traverses the forest area by 43.5%, and reducing the sediment content by 25.4%. %.
The eastern original area of ??Huangling County is full of ravines, low forest coverage, and serious water and soil erosion. The sediment transport volume of rivers and streams is 1,632 tons/square kilometer, which is 11 times that of the forest area. It is considered moderate water and soil erosion. district. In the 40 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Huangling County Party Committee and County Government have organized the masses to carry out extensive activities to plant trees and grass and green the "Five Wastelands". By 1983, the county's cumulative artificial afforestation area was 255,000 acres. In 1989, most of them were medium- and young-age forests. At present, there are still 200,000 acres of barren hills suitable for forestation that need to be greened. Huangling has a long industrial history. The cultural relics unearthed within the territory collected by the County Library prove that primitive handicraft production existed in ancient times. In the Neolithic Age, pottery pots, pointed-bottomed bottles, stone adzes, stone axes, etc. began to be made and used; in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, pottery and copper ax products were produced; in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, copper tripods, horse bits, and chariot and horse ornaments were produced , copper cauldron and other daily necessities and the production of weapons such as copper Ge and copper arrowheads; in the Qin and Han Dynasties, the application of more exquisite copper kettles, copper cauldrons, bronze mirrors, copper coins, six-grade tiles and other products was more common; in the Tang and Song Dynasties, as well as in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties During the Qing Dynasty, with the development of productivity and the gradual improvement of human quality and living standards, the production of bricks, tiles, ceramics, etc. in the county began to take shape. At the same time, iron processing, oil extraction, textiles, printing, dyeing, brewing and other industries also appeared one after another.
The coal mining industry in Huangling County began to take shape as early as the Tang, Song and Ming dynasties. During the long period of feudal society, development was slow due to the system of exploitation constraining productivity, and coal mining always remained in the manual mining stage.
During the Republic of China, Huangling's industry improved compared with before, but production was still in a state of manual labor, and a few industries began to have semi-mechanized production.
In the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), Yu Zhengdong, the commissioner of this district, advocated the textile movement and supervised the establishment of textile industries in various counties. The central county (today's Huangling) purchased textile machine frames and other tools and built it next to the Yellow Emperor Temple. A small textile factory was built with 22 employees, with a daily output of more than 10 feet of cloth. In the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), the Central County Cooperative Federation was established, and the county government handed over the textile machines it purchased. In the same year, a paper mill was built. , has 10 workers and produces more than 1,000 sheets of white paper per day, which is very popular among users. In the same year, the county government also built a water mill (mainly processing flour) on the east side of the Huangdi Temple through bank investment. Since then, the use of water mills in Juhe River Road has gradually become popular.
In the 32nd year of the Republic of China (1943), the central branch of the Northwest Manufacturing Plant of the Second War Zone (today's Huangling) was established. Huangling County began to have steel and alcohol manufacturing industries, with 7 work areas and more than 1,700 workers. employees, with an installed capacity of 100 horsepower. The following year, the branch also established a military shoe factory in Shangzhaizhuang Village, Longshou Township, Huangling County. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Huangling Branch of the Northwest Manufacturing Factory moved back to Taiyuan, Shanxi.
The "Huangling County Chronicle" in the 33rd year of the Republic of China (1944) records that during the Republic of China, people in Huangling County were engaged in woodware, stoneware, pottery, ironware, textiles, wine making, oil pressing, powder leakage, vinegar drying, etc. There are more than 30 individual handicraft industries and laborers in clothing, printing, repair, papermaking, coal mining, etc., with a total annual output value of about 35,000 yuan. Due to the remote location and sparsely populated areas, limited demand, and poor transportation, Huangling's industrial production has suffered for a long time. Stagnated at the level of handicraft production.
Before 1949, due to the existence of the feudal exploitation system, which hindered the development of productivity, the industrial foundation was extremely weak, and Huangling's economic development was slow. According to 1949 statistics, the county's total industrial output value was only 35,000 yuan. , accounting for approximately 1.33% of the total industrial and agricultural output value.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, under the leadership of the party and the government, Huangling industry developed.
In the three-year economic recovery period from 1950 to 1952, the government adopted policies to protect industry and commerce and transformed original private breweries and small coal kilns into local state-owned enterprises; organized individual handicraft industries and established cooperative groups, society and promote industrial development. In 1953, the county's total industrial output value reached 125,200 yuan, an increase of 257.76% compared with 1949; there were nearly 200 people engaged in various industrial producers (including small handicraftsmen).
In 1954, the Huangling County Party Committee and the county government carried out socialist transformation of private industry and handicrafts in accordance with the general line and general tasks of the transitional period proposed by the Party Central Committee. By the end of 1956, 10 state-owned enterprises had been established in the county , namely: repair factories, coal mines, sugar factories, power plants, wineries, ceramic factories, oil refineries, iron factories and small cement factories, etc. By the end of 1957, the county's total industrial output value increased to 323,100 yuan, and the number of employees increased to more than 300.
In 1958, during the "Great Leap Forward" period, industrial enterprises in Huangling County suffered from "high indicators and exaggeration", and statistical output values ??did not match actual output. In 1960, the total industrial output value was as high as 3.7437 million yuan. .
In 1961, in accordance with the central government’s eight-character policy of “adjustment, consolidation, enrichment, and improvement” of the national economy, Huangling County shut down four factories, including an iron factory, a sugar factory, a paper mill, and an oil refinery. In 1963, the county's total industrial output value was 669,600 yuan. In 1965, the county's total industrial output value rose to 1.1 million yuan.
After the start of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966, the normal production order was disrupted, and some basic principles and correct measures for developing the socialist economy were criticized as "revisionism" and "capitalism" , the management of industrial and mining enterprises does not follow the rules, and often stops production to "make revolution", resulting in the slow industrial development of Huangling County and low economic benefits. In 1968, the total industrial output value was 1.07 million yuan, a decrease of 39.8% compared with 1967.
From 1970 to 1978, as the social order gradually improved, in addition to the original industrial enterprises in Huangling County, new ones included electric power, building materials, chemical fertilizers, forest industry and some township (town) enterprises. , the industrial output value increased year by year. By the end of 1978, the county's industrial enterprises had developed to 41 (including 12 national ones, 12 urban collectives, and 17 social enterprises) with an output value of 10.8763 million yuan, accounting for 49.36% of the total industrial and agricultural output value.
In December 1978, after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Huangling County, in the process of implementing the eight-character policy of "adjustment, reform, rectification and improvement", adjusted according to county conditions. The internal structure of the industry transforms resource advantages into commodity advantages, bringing Huangling County's industrial production into a new era. In 1985, the county had 247 industrial and mining enterprises of various types, employing 9,925 people, with a total industrial output value of 42.2413 million yuan, fixed assets of 38.1323 million yuan, and an added value of 32.764 million yuan. Township (town) small coal mines (including team-run and joint-run small coal mines) There are 191 coal mines, with an annual output of more than 1 million tons of raw coal, an output value of more than 20 million yuan, and a tax of more than 1 million yuan to the state.
At the end of December 1989, the number of industrial enterprises in the county had grown to 441. Among them: 5 are provincial and territorial, 15 are county-owned, 55 are collectively owned (including 30 township-run enterprises), 48 are village-owned, 37 are rural joint ventures, 200 are individual and private, and 51 are urban and joint-owned. The total industrial output value increased to 97.86 million yuan, accounting for 73.72% of the total industrial and agricultural output value. Among the total industrial output value, the national total was 22.1 million yuan, accounting for 12.36% of the total industrial output value, the collective was 33.55 million yuan, accounting for 0.93% of the total industrial output value, and the industrial output value below the village level was 49.3 million yuan, accounting for 50.38% of the total industrial output value. Modern industrial and mining enterprises have grown from scratch, from small to large, and have developed rapidly.
In the forty years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Huangling County has newly expanded heavy industries such as coal, power generation, cement, machine bricks, and agricultural machinery manufacturing; it has reformed light industries such as brewing and pottery; and added wood, grain, and cooking oil. , food processing industry. An industrial production system with raw coal production as its backbone and reflecting Huangling County's resource advantages has gradually been formed. A new situation of economic development has emerged in which agriculture and industry complement each other and advance in a coordinated manner.
Huangling County has formed an industrial system based on the coal industry, with the electricity, building materials, and brewing industries as the backbone, and related industries as supplements. The main industrial products include coal, cement, liquor, etc. By the end of the last century, local raw coal production had reached 5 million tons, the total production capacity of the mining area exceeded 10 million tons, power generation exceeded 700 million kWh, and cement reached 100,000 tons.
The non-public economy has developed rapidly, reaching 3,603, with a total output value of 560 million yuan, and profits and taxes paid of 98.98 million yuan, accounting for 60% of the GDP.
In 2012, Huangling County’s GDP reached 1.148 billion yuan, with a total industrial output value of 750 million yuan and fiscal revenue of 177 million yuan, of which local fiscal revenue was 109 million yuan. The total grain output was 53,000 tons. Farmers The per capita net income is 2,554 yuan. The total retail sales of goods in the society reached 244.347 million yuan, and the balance of savings deposits of urban and rural residents reached 1.19 billion yuan.