Today, the editor will share with you Song Zheyuan’s knowledge. He will also analyze and answer Song Zheyuan’s 29th Army Sword Team. If it can solve the problem you want to know, please pay attention to this site.
Who is Song Zheyuan?
Song Zheyuan (1885-1940), nicknamed Song Shi, courtesy name Mingxuan, Han nationality, was born in Zhaohongdu Village, Leling County, Shandong Province (now part of Leling City) . He loves reading, is honest, resolute, unsmiling, cautious, lives a simple life, has a simple style, respects culture, and cares for talents. He is rigorous in military management and brave in combat. He is one of the Five Tigers of the Northwest Army. Feng Yuxiang admires him very much and praises him as "brave and calm." ", "loyal and diligent", "meticulous in dealing with problems", "well-trained troops".
Chinese name: Song Zheyuan
Nationality: Chinese
Birthplace: Leling, Shandong
Occupation: Soldier
Song Zheyuan is a quite complex character. His inner patriotism and warlord consciousness are equally strong, which often makes him fall into fierce ideological struggles. Song Zheyuan had deep-rooted thoughts of warlord separatism. What he did in Pingjin was partly forced by the Japanese, and partly still hoped to establish an independent kingdom and engage in military separatism. Chiang Kai-shek made great efforts to win over him, but Song Zheyuan finally refused to embrace him. After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Song kept saying that he wanted to leave some ground for Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, which reflected that in his heart Feng Yuxiang was always superior to Chiang Kai-shek. The situation at that time was that Chiang Kai-shek had achieved unification. Those who obeyed me prospered, and those who went against me perished. How many generals of the Northwest Army kept pace with the times and took refuge with Chiang Kai-shek. Song Zheyuan's loyalty to Feng Yuxiang was amazing.
The life of Song Zheyuan
Hello.
Song Zheyuan (1885-1940), courtesy name Mingxuan, Han nationality, was born in Zhaohongdu Village, Chengguan Town, Leling City, Shandong Province. Military general of the Republic of China. He was one of the Five Tigers of the Northwest Army under Feng Yuxiang. Feng Yuxiang admired him very much and praised him as "brave and calm", "loyal and diligent", "meticulous in dealing with problems" and "well-trained troops".
On April 5, 1940, Song Zheyuan died of a stroke and was buried in Fule Mountain near Mianyang at the age of 56. The Nationalist Government promoted him to the rank of general.
How should we evaluate Song Zheyuan, commander of the 29th Army in the Peking War?
Song Zheyuan is a national hero. He was originally a member of the Northwest Army. After joining the Peiping Anti-Japanese War, he fired the first shot against the Japanese army.
The life of General Song Zheyuan during the Republic of China?
Song Zheyuan, courtesy name Mingxuan, was born on October 30, 1885 in Zhaohongdu Village, Leling County, Shandong Province. He was a rural private school teacher. At the age of 21, he was admitted to the Beiyang Armed Forces Right Army Suiying Military Academy. From joining the army at the age of 21 to his death at the age of 56, he served successively as company, battalion, regiment, brigade, division, corps commander, commander-in-chief of the front army, commander-in-chief of the group army, deputy commander-in-chief of the theater, and other military positions for more than 30 years. The local administrative head of the four provinces of Hebei, Shaanxi, Chahar, and Hebei and Pingjin is a famous anti-Japanese patriotic general who has a certain influence in modern Chinese history.
He died of illness in Mianyang on April 5, 1940, and was buried in Fule Mountain, Mianyang on April 17. The reconstruction of the tomb of General Song Zheyuan, the anti-Japanese patriotic general, started in 1978 and was completed before the Qingming Festival in 1979. The reconstructed cemetery is oriented from east to west according to the topography (the old tomb was oriented from north to south). The cemetery covers an area of ??4,000 square meters and is composed of monuments, pavilions, altars, observation towers, etc. The "Bade Pavilion" is named after the eight characters "filial piety, brotherhood, loyalty, trustworthiness, propriety, righteousness, integrity and shame" engraved on it.
July 7, 68 years ago, is a day that the Marco Polo Bridge will always remember after thousands of years. On this day, the Japanese army, which had been planning for a long time, provoked trouble by the Marco Polo Bridge. The Chinese soldiers guarding Wanping City at the head of the Marco Polo Bridge rose up in self-defense, and the Chinese nation's eight-year war of resistance began. For most people, this war that started on a bridge has gradually faded away and has been reduced to more of a symbol to commemorate a memorial day. However, those stone lions standing upright on the railings of the bridge accurately recorded the details of the invaders' brutal provocation and the moments of the passionate soldiers' resistance. On the eve of the incident, the peripheral situation of the ancient city of Beiping was as follows: the southeast, along the railway line from Fengtai in the west to Beiping and Shanhaiguan in the east, had been heavily occupied by the Japanese North China Garrison Army; the east had been reduced to the "Jidong Defense" under the protection of Japan. "*** Autonomous Government" area; to the north and northwest are the Japanese-fed Chabei Puppet-Mongolian Army; only the southwest is still defended by the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army of the Chinese garrison Song Zheyuan, located on the southwest transportation artery Marco Polo Bridge became the place for the central defender.
The number of the soldiers guarding the bridge is the 3rd Battalion of the 219th Regiment, 37th Division of the 29th Army. The soldiers wore gray cotton-padded clothes, leggings, and carried rifles. The large swords tied with red ribbons on their backs were the unique logo of this unit. At the turn of the spring and summer of this year, rumors that "North China will repeat the Willow Lake Incident" began to circulate in Beiping. In late June, the Japanese 1st Regiment stationed in Fengtai conducted day and night exercises with the goal of capturing Wanping City. On July 6, the Japanese troops stationed in Fengtai forced themselves to cross the Marco Polo Bridge, but were blocked by the troops guarding the bridge. They held a gun confrontation for 10 hours before withdrawing. On the evening of July 7, a Japanese squadron conducted a "live-fire exercise" a few hundred meters in front of the Chinese garrison post at Marco Polo Bridge. At around 11 p.m., gunshots suddenly came from the east side of Wanping City. After a while, several Japanese soldiers appeared under Wanping City, claiming that a soldier was missing and asked to enter Wanping City to search.
The Chinese defenders refused this unreasonable request, and the Japanese commander, Colonel Mutaguchi Renya, ordered a "fight back." At 5 o'clock in the morning on the 8th, the reinforced Japanese troops suddenly launched an attack on Wanping County. The Chinese soldiers stationed in the city opened fire to resist. After receiving news of the incident, the 29th Army Military Headquarters issued the following order to the frontline soldiers: "The Marco Polo Bridge is your grave. You must live or die with the bridge and not retreat!" In order to defend the sacred land under their feet, the soldiers guarding the bridge shot out from here. The first angry bullet. This is the most straightforward reply given by the most ordinary Chinese people to Japanese imperialism. History has recorded the names of those who made history at critical moments: brigade commander He Jifeng, regiment commander Ji Xingwen, battalion commander Jin Zhenzhong and those soldiers who fought back bravely. The soldiers used the Marco Polo Bridge barriers and pillars as shelters to hold their positions, using crude weapons and flesh and blood to stop the enemy in the rain. The famous broadsword once again comes into play. The position occupied by the Japanese army during the day was recaptured by a night attack by the Broadsword Team at night. Fighting the invaders armed to the teeth with flesh and blood, although full of tragedy and helplessness, the roar of unwillingness to surrender at the Marco Polo Bridge clearly declared the Chinese people's determination to fight to the death! On the second day of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a declaration calling on the country: "Don't let Japanese imperialism occupy an inch of China's land and shed the last drop of blood to defend the country!" On July 17, Chiang Kai-shek delivered the famous Lushan Speech on behalf of the National Government. : "If a war breaks out, there will be no distinction between north and south, no distinction between people, old and young. Everyone has the responsibility to defend the territory and resist the war." The bellicose Japan underestimated China's determination and strength to resist the war, thinking that it only needed to draw a sword to threaten He could make China surrender. Unexpectedly, the passionate land of China has since become a millstone to strangle the invaders. The true meaning of the "July 7th Incident" is that from this day on, the Chinese people will no longer compromise, and the entire nation will unite to resist aggression and eventually move towards self-strength. As the "Eleven-Character Proposal" put forward by the overseas Chinese representative Chen Jiageng at the National Political Participation Conference said - "The enemy is a traitor before negotiating peace before leaving the country." Since then, no matter how difficult the situation was, the Chinese people persisted in not compromising and fought for eight years. , until Japan unconditionally surrendered and achieved final victory. This is the eternal revelation left to us by the roar of Marco Polo Bridge.
What is the historical profile of Song Zheyuan
Song Zheyuan (1885-1940), named Mingxuan, Han nationality, was a native of Zhaohongdu Village, Chengguan Town, Leling City, Shandong Province. Military general of the Republic of China. He was one of the Five Tigers of the Northwest Army under Feng Yuxiang. Feng Yuxiang admired him very much and praised him as "brave and calm", "loyal and diligent", "meticulous in dealing with problems" and "well-trained troops".
On April 5, 1940, Song Zheyuan died of a stroke and was buried in Fule Mountain near Mianyang at the age of 56. The Nationalist Government promoted him to the rank of first-class general.
Song Zheyuan is a very complex character. His inner patriotism and warlord consciousness are equally strong, which often puts him in fierce ideological struggles. Song Zheyuan had deep-rooted thoughts of warlord separatism. What he did in Pingjin was partly forced by the Japanese, and partly still hoped to establish an independent kingdom and engage in military separatism. Chiang Kai-shek made great efforts to win over him, but Song Zheyuan finally refused to embrace him. After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Song kept saying that he wanted to leave some ground for Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, which reflected that in his heart Feng Yuxiang was always superior to Chiang Kai-shek. The situation at that time was that Chiang Kai-shek had achieved unification. Those who obeyed me prospered, and those who went against me perished. How many generals of the Northwest Army kept pace with the times and took refuge with Chiang Kai-shek. Song Zheyuan's loyalty to Feng Yuxiang was amazing.
Song Zheyuan struggled to maintain his position in North China. He persisted in national justice despite the severe situation of the rampant Japanese invaders, the fall of Northeast China, the silence of Nanjing, and the insufficient strength of the 29th Army. He finally fired the first shot of the War of Resistance, which was indispensable. He was reviled for causing the "Fengxiang Massacre" and "weak" diplomacy with Japan, but he avenged his humiliation with the victory at Xifengkou and became famous in the annals of history for rising up against the Japanese at Marco Polo Bridge.
A brief introduction to Song Zheyuan, a senior KMT general, and how he died
Song Zheyuan (1885-1940), courtesy name Mingxuan, Han nationality, was a native of Zhaohongdu Village, Chengguan Town, Leling City, Shandong Province. Military general of the Republic of China. He was one of the Five Tigers of the Northwest Army under Feng Yuxiang. Feng Yuxiang admired him very much and praised him as "brave and calm", "loyal and diligent", "meticulous in dealing with problems" and "well-trained troops". In 1924, he participated in the Beijing coup. In October, Feng's army was reorganized into the National Army, and Song Zheyuan was appointed commander of the First Division of the First Army (later changed to the Fourth Division). In the autumn of 1925, he was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Rehe Special Administrative Region. He once established a silkworm and bee school in the Chengde Summer Resort to promote mulberry planting and beekeeping and revitalize Rehe agriculture; he also established an ordnance factory that could imitate German Mauser 20-shot shell guns in small batches. In 1926, when Song Zheyuan's troops evacuated Chengde, citizens lined the streets to see them off.
In 1926, he served as the commander-in-chief of the North Route and the Commander-in-Chief of the West Route of the National Army. He successively fought against the Zhili-Fengcheng Allied Forces and the Jin Army at command posts in Nankou, Duolun and other places. After taking the oath of arms in Wuyuan on September 17, 1926, he participated in the Northern Expedition and served as the commander-in-chief of the North Route Army of the National Army Allied Forces and the temporary commander of the 1st Division, and the commander-in-chief of the 4th Front Army of the 2nd Group Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In November 1927, he was appointed chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial Government. In 1930, during the Central Plains War between Chiang Kai-shek and Feng Yan, he served as the commander-in-chief of the 4th Route of Feng Yuxiang's army. After the defeat, the rest of Feng Yuxiang's troops retreated to southern Shanxi. Zhang Xueliang, who was responsible for the aftermath of the northern military affairs, reorganized it. The unit was reduced to the 3rd Army of the Army, with 3 divisions under its jurisdiction. Song Zheyuan was appointed commander and returned to the Northeast Army. In June 1931, Song Zheyuan's department was reorganized into the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
On the third day after the September 18th Incident, Song Zheyuan led all officers and soldiers of the 29th Army to send an "Anti-Japanese Message" to the whole country. On January 2, 1933, the Japanese army captured Shanhaiguan. On the 10th, Song Zheyuan, under the order of Zhang Xueliang, led the 29th Army from Yangquan, Shanxi Province to station in Sanhe, Baodi, Jixian, Yutian and Xianghe areas east of Peiping for garrison training. The 29th Army, under the command of Song Zheyuan, was stationed in Pingdong to prepare to resist the Japanese invasion. It quickly built fortifications and conducted pre-war training. On February 22, 1933, the Japanese Kwantung Army mobilized four divisions and a total of more than 100,000 puppet Manchukuo troops to attack Rehe in three directions. On March 4, Tang Yulin, chairman of Rehe Province, led his troops to escape, and the Japanese army occupied Chengde City, the capital of Rehe Province. On March 8, Song Zheyuan was ordered by Zhang Xueliang to take over the defense positions from Xifengkou to Kuancheng on the Great Wall Line. Subsequently, Song Zheyuan commanded the officers and men of the 29th Army to engage in bloody battles with the Japanese at Xifengkou and Luowenyu, the key passes of the Great Wall. The 29th Army fought with the Japanese army with their swordsmen. After fierce fighting, more than 6,000 Japanese soldiers were eliminated and won the victory at Xifengkou, which shocked the whole country. In 1937, the song "Cut off the Japs' Heads with the Big Sword", which was created based on the bloody battle at Xifengkou, was sung all over China. In 1935, he was awarded the rank of second-level general of the army and served as commander of the Pingjin garrison, director of the Hebei-Chacha appeasement, chairman of the Hebei-Chacha political affairs committee and chairman of the Hebei Provincial Government. During the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Song Zheyuan was wavering on whether to resist the war and refused Chiang Kai-shek's support. On July 29th and 30th, Pingjin and Tianjin fell one after another.
In the spring of 1938, General Song Zheyuan was appointed deputy commander of the First Theater Command. He soon contracted liver disease. In March 1940, he resigned and became a member of the Military Commission and returned to his wife Chang Shuqing's hometown of Mianyang, Sichuan for recuperation. Died of illness on April 5. The Nationalist Government promoted him to the rank of general.