First, the meaning of moral cultivation of the people's police
The word "virtue" can be traced back to Laozi's book "Tao Te Ching", which says that "Tao is born, animals are virtuous, things are shaped, and devices are made, so everything respects Tao and virtue is also". The "Tao" here refers to "the universal truth that nature runs in the world"; And "virtue" often refers to the virtue, conduct and kingliness of the world. It was not until the introduction of western ideas that the word morality was interpreted as "the correct code of conduct" and belonged to the category of ethics. The explanation of morality in Ci Hai is: "One of social ideologies is the norm and principle of people's common life and behavior."
Self-cultivation, the original intention of "cultivation" is to rectify and correct; The original intention of "nurturing" is to cultivate and nurture. Its original intention includes self-cultivation, introspection and self-cultivation. Marxism gives "self-cultivation" a new meaning, that is, self-education and self-transformation. This kind of education and reform can not be separated from the social practice of the masses and the subjective efforts of individuals in practice.
The moral cultivation of the people's police refers to the behavior of self-training, self-transformation and self-improvement in moral consciousness and behavior by the people's police in accordance with the requirements of communist morality and people's police morality, and the corresponding moral sentiment and moral realm formed on this basis.
Second, the significance and role of strengthening the moral cultivation of the people's police
(1) Strengthening the moral cultivation of the people's police is determined by the complicated international and domestic situation.
As far as the international situation is concerned, world multipolarization, economic globalization and information socialization have brought new challenges to the work of public security in safeguarding national security and social stability. The multi-polarization of the world is developing in twists and turns, traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined, the harm of terrorism is rising, and ethnic and religious issues are becoming increasingly prominent, which has become an important reason for the turmoil in the international situation and a major hidden danger endangering China's social stability. Economic globalization not only promotes economic development, but also brings conflicts between countries' economic interests and cultural concepts and national economic security issues. Social informatization not only provides impetus for economic development, but also causes conflicts of various social ideas, values and lifestyles. The Internet has also become an important carrier of incitement, infiltration, collusion, theft and destruction. This requires our people's police to defend the modernization of the motherland by strengthening moral cultivation and professional ethics and punishing international and domestic reactionaries who endanger national security, undermine socialist construction and split the reunification of the motherland according to law.
As far as the domestic situation is concerned, with the deepening of reform and development and economic construction, China's economic and social life has undergone a transformation from a planned economy to a market economy, and from a closed and semi-closed to an all-round opening. The relevance of interests, the diversity of values, the mobility of people and property, and the convenience of information dissemination have greatly increased the difficulty for public security organs to maintain social stability. At present, serious criminal activities, all kinds of economic crimes and social security problems are still important factors affecting social stability in China, and mass incidents and all kinds of emergencies caused by contradictions among the people have become prominent problems that seriously affect social stability. This requires the people's police to keep a clear head at all times, constantly strengthen the construction of moral cultivation, fulfill their duties, strictly enforce the law, serve the people, and earnestly shoulder the sacred mission of consolidating the ruling position of * * *, safeguarding the long-term stability of the country, and ensuring the people to live and work in peace and contentment.
(2) Strengthening the moral cultivation of the people's police is determined by the essential attribute of police power.
Police power is an integral part of the police profession, a special state power, and also has the characteristics of duality and perishable. Duality refers to the internal contradiction of police power, which will inevitably have both positive and negative effects. Perishability refers to the phenomenon of abusing power for personal gain in the process of sports. In addition, the People's Police Law clearly stipulates that under special circumstances, the people's police can use weapons and police equipment. This shows that the police power also has the killing characteristics different from those of other countries.
The above three characteristics of police power determine that police power is intrinsically related to police morality. Police power contains a huge space for police morality to play its role. Because police morality is an internal force that restricts police power, it is also of positive significance for the people's police to correctly exercise the power entrusted by the state according to law and give full play to the positive role of power.
(3) Strengthening people's police's moral cultivation is determined by the police's moral development.
The actual development of the people's police morality is generally benign, and the overall ideological and moral quality of the team is good. However, with the development of society and the progress of the times, the actual situation of the people's police force is still obviously unsuitable or inappropriate, and the exploration of people's police morality from theory to practice is still an urgent task of the times. First of all, on the whole, the moral basic theory of the people's police is relatively weak and backward, which is incompatible with the changed social and economic relations. Theoretically speaking, the moral development of the people's police has not fully absorbed the new moral concepts and values reflected by the new social and economic relations. For example, the booming concept of human rights in recent years is in sharp contrast with some uncoordinated practices in the work of the people's police, and it is urgent to absorb the concept of human rights in the moral theory of the people's police. This defect directly leads to the lag of the development of the moral theory of the people's police and the contradiction in practice.
Secondly, the moral standard system of the people's police is more political than human nature. Highlighting politics is the inevitable and fine tradition of the moral development of the people's police, and it is also a major feature of the moral system of the people's police. But morality cannot be equated with politics after all. Politics is rigid and morality is flexible. We should inject more humanistic content into moral construction, and show humanistic concern for the growth and development of the people's police.
Third, the phenomenon of police moral anomie still exists. At present, the police's moral anomie is mainly manifested in three types: serious privileged thoughts, corrupt life and rude work style. As a bridge and link between the party and the government, the police's moral anomie has seriously damaged the fair image of the party and the government, corrupted the social moral atmosphere, dispersed the party's heart and people's hearts, and affected social stability, with very serious consequences.
Third, the content of moral cultivation of the people's police
The author believes that to strengthen police moral cultivation in the new period, we must take an open, inclusive, equal and responsible attitude, take root in the soil of China's moral culture, focus on the forefront of the world's police moral development, and learn from the specific national conditions to enrich its cultivation connotation.
(1) Inherit the precious wealth of China's traditional morality.
"National spirit is the spiritual support for a nation's survival and development." In the construction of police morality in China, we should inherit the excellent moral tradition of the Chinese nation and the reasonable core of China's traditional ethics and China's revolutionary ethics.
First of all, the police moral construction should inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional moral culture of the Chinese nation. First, China's traditional morality, inspired by the overall spirit, emphasizes patriotism, especially the group value and social value of human beings, and the lofty moral pursuit of public interests, society, nation and country, which has positive guiding significance for the people's police to establish their life value orientation. Only by insisting on law enforcement for the people, serving the people wholeheartedly and putting social interests and people's interests first can the people's police correctly treat the relationship between dedication and demand in law enforcement administration. Second, China's traditional morality respects the principles of life and benevolence, and emphasizes the spirit of "being vigorous and promising", "striving for self-improvement" and "being virtuous and carrying things", which is helpful for the police to make progress in the difficult public security work. Police is the most dangerous occupation in peacetime. The promotion of the spirit of cherishing life and striving for self-improvement in China culture is helpful for the police to bravely face dangers and competitive pressures, care about national development and social progress, care about their physical and mental state, and establish a healthy, positive and upward outlook on life. Third, the traditional morality in China attaches great importance to self-cultivation, especially the integration of introspection and knowledge and practice, which helps the police to be strict with themselves and form excellent moral quality. Introspection is to evaluate yourself, observe others, be alert to yourself, regulate yourself with social ethics, and most importantly, consciously fulfill the ethics. Fourthly, the traditional morality of China attaches importance to etiquette education, which is helpful to the civilized duty and service of the police and establishes a good image of the police's fairness and civilization.
Second, inherit the revolutionary moral tradition of public security personnel and develop the people's police morality in the new period. In the hard war years, the moral requirements of the party's security organs and police organizations for the public security team mainly include: loyalty to the party; Stand firm and distinguish between the enemy and ourselves; Be brave, witty and tenacious in the struggle against the enemy; Hard work and plain living, law-abiding, loyal to their duties, no favoritism, corruption and bribery; Selfless; Oppose extorting confessions by torture and so on. These moral requirements, combined with the requirements of political thought and discipline, have played an active role in the new democratic revolution and are also moral resources that can be inherited in the police moral construction in the new period.
(2) Learn from and absorb the moral requirements of international police.
Drawing lessons from and absorbing the moral requirements of international police requires the people's police to have global awareness and global vision, fully understand the significance of their own law enforcement civilization to improve the international status of socialist China, and realize that the police's work style and work ability directly affect China's image. Absorb all the spiritual wealth of human society as much as possible, and make the police moral culture go to the world in an all-round way, adapt to the development requirements of the globalization era, and connect with the world.
The author believes that the Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officers (hereinafter referred to as the Code) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in its resolution 34/1June+/July/February, 1979 is the first aspect that we should pay attention to when absorbing the moral requirements of international police. From the content point of view, this international police code of ethics is based on the analysis and summary of the problems existing in the process of police administration by the international community, highlighting three aspects: administering justice according to law, serving the society, and especially respecting human rights, which provides moral standards for Chinese police to enforce the law.
Fourth, the correct training methods and methods.
(A) the correct way of training
The fundamental way of moral cultivation of the people's police is to receive training and consciously reform in social life practice in accordance with the moral principles and norms of the people's police. First of all, social life practice is the source of excellent moral quality of the people's police. The moral cultivation of the people's police is to cultivate their own excellent moral quality.
Secondly, social life practice is the standard to test the moral cultivation and quality of the people's police. Lenin said: One of the greatest evils left by the old society is that books are completely out of touch with practice. In moral cultivation, morality is divorced from social practice. Without the practice of social life, the moral consciousness and quality of the people's police can not only be expressed, but also can not be evaluated.
Third, social life practice is the driving force to promote the continuous development of the moral cultivation of the people's police.
(B) the people's police moral cultivation methods
The social life practice of the people's police is the fundamental way of the people's police's moral cultivation. But it doesn't mean that participating in social practice is equal to moral cultivation. To achieve the goal of moral cultivation of the people's police, there must be correct methods. The methods of moral cultivation of the people's police can't be the same. The general principle is to proceed from reality, step by step, step by step and persevere. Specifically, this should have the following aspects:
First, study hard. The ancient Greeks believed that "knowledge is virtue" and knowledge can only be acquired through learning. Confucius is answering Zi Gong's question, "Why are future generations called Confucius?" Then he said, "How can you call me?" If you don't do it yourself, you will learn and teach. This is the only evil! He demanded that, for the sake of his son, "study literature if you have spare capacity." If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it The moral cultivation of the people's police is a rational activity of self-taught by the people's police. In order to avoid the spontaneity and blindness of this activity, we must also study hard. In moral practice, the people's police should learn the basic theory of Marxism, communist morality and the moral theory of the people's police, strive to establish a scientific world outlook and methodology, establish the ideals and beliefs of the people's police, and consciously regulate their words and deeds with communist morality and the moral standards of the people's police. At the same time, we should study hard scientific and cultural knowledge. Scientific and cultural knowledge is the generalization and summary of knowledge about the development law of nature, society and thinking. It is the basis for the people's police to learn Marxism, communist morality and the moral theory of the people's police, and it is also the basis for the people's police to form noble moral quality.
The second is to aim high. "Aspiring" refers to defining the goal of self-cultivation, and the ambition of the people's police is to establish the ambition and determination to achieve great goals. It is very important to make up your mind. History is a lot of people who have done something, and they all pay attention to their determination in moral cultivation. Confucius said, "The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary men can't win the ambition." . Sun Yat-sen, the great forerunner of the democratic revolution, said: "If you are determined to win on weekdays, you should want to do great things, not to be a big official." In real life, many people who attach importance to personal moral cultivation have their own clear goals. Wen Tianxiang's "Who has not died since ancient times, leaving a heart to shine in history." Marx's "I have everything that people have; Lenin's "Enrich your mind with all the wealth of knowledge created by mankind." Mao Zedong's "serving the people heart and soul" and so on. They all use clear reminders to overcome difficulties and encourage themselves to be moral people forever. The people's police should also aim high in moral cultivation, aim at having communist moral quality and reaching the highest moral realm of selflessness, and work hard all their lives without wavering or relaxing.
The third is to listen to introspection. I've heard of it, introspection. It is another important method of moral cultivation of the people's police. The so-called synchronous listening is to listen to the evaluation of others and society, and at the same time accept the criticism of others. In terms of moral cultivation, the people's police must first be strict with introspection. In Chen Yi's poems, he said: "Only by going deep into the soul is it possible." Secondly, we must have heard that "listening as a supplement to introspection" is of great significance. The ancients said, "A gentleman does not look at water, but at people. Mirror in the water, meet each other late; Look at people and you will know the blessing. " Listening and introspection is not only a sign of the moral maturity of the people's police, but also the main means to improve their moral level.
The fourth is practice. Standardize your behavior with communist morality and the professional ethics of the people's police, so as to unify theory with practice and keep your behavior consistent with appearance. Comrade Liu Shaoqi said: "Revolutionaries must take part in revolutionary practice and never be divorced from it if they want to transform themselves and improve themselves." Practical training is the fundamental way and method of people's police's moral cultivation. As a basic method, the people's police are required to apply the moral theory they have learned to practice and to the great struggle to defend and build the socialist modernization of the motherland in the process of moral cultivation.
The fifth is perseverance. The moral cultivation of the people's police lies in consciousness, and the merit lies in persistence. It is useless to practice under orders. If you come into contact with the ten cold, you will inevitably give up all your efforts. Perseverance is very important. It is not difficult for a person to do a few good things for the motherland and the people for the time being. The difficult thing is to cultivate persistently all your life and make contributions to the motherland and the people all your life. Today, with the deepening of reform and development, the construction of the police force is constantly advancing, and the morality of the people's police will continue to be enriched and developed, putting forward higher requirements for the people's police. Only by keeping pace with the times and the construction of the police force can the people's police become a noble people's police who will always benefit the people.