The Han Dynasty Stone Tower is the earliest and best-preserved ancient surface building in my country. It has a history of nearly 2,000 years and can be called a national treasure.
In the Han Dynasty, buildings were built in pairs on the outside of city gates or gates of building complexes to demonstrate ceremonial rank. Because the left and right columns are separated and a gap is formed in the middle, it is called Que (in ancient times, "que" and "que" were commonly used). Its prototype was the watchtowers on both sides of the gap in the ancient wall gate. After people were able to build large gatehouses, it evolved into a majestic building outside the gate, and its defensive function gradually weakened. Documents record that there were ques in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the earliest existing relics are from the Han Dynasty, which are precious information for understanding the architecture of the Han Dynasty. Among the existing Han palaces, there are Taishi Tower, Shaoshi Tower and Qimu Tower in Dengfeng County, Henan Province, Jiaxiang Wushi Tower in Jining City, Shandong Province, Feng Huan Tower and Shenfu Jun Tower in Qu County, Sichuan, Pingyang Fujun Tower in Mianyang City, Sichuan, and Ya Palace in Sichuan. Gaoyi Palace in An County, Wuyang Palace and Dingfang Palace in Zhongxian County, Chongqing have no inscriptions. Among them, Wuyang Palace is the best-preserved Han Dynasty palace and is now in the national museum - China Three Gorges Museum in Chongqing. It is the first treasure of the town. The Han Que is divided into stone tower and brick tower according to different materials. It is said that the tower was once made of rammed earth, but it is difficult to distinguish it now. The Han Dynasty was the heyday of building palaces. Capitals, palaces, mausoleums, ancestral temples, government offices, noble residences, and the cemeteries of officials and citizens with certain statuses could all be built according to certain levels. The East Tower and North Tower of Weiyang Palace in Chang'an City of the Western Han Dynasty, and the Feng Tower and Yuan Tower of Jianzhang Palace are famous large towers in history. Legend has it that the Phoenix Tower is more than 20 feet high. Except for Feng Que, which still has rammed earth ruins, all of these giant towers have been destroyed. What remains are some small stone temples and tombs from the Eastern Han Dynasty or Western Jin Dynasty. The tallest one is only 6 meters tall.
Among the existing stone towers, there are 25 that are basically complete, including 16 in Sichuan, 4 each in Henan and Shandong, and 1 in Beijing. They are all carved and built with blocks of stone. Four of them are ancestral temples, and the rest are tombs of officials and civilians. In terms of shape, it can be divided into two types: single que and side-fuzi que. Each type has the difference between single eaves and double eaves. The double eaves are respected to the single eaves, and the child-mother que is respected to the single que. The structure of these ques can be divided into two types: imitation wood configuration and earth and stone type. The imitation wood-structured palace is represented by Gao Yi's palace, which is divided into four parts: platform base, palace body, tower and roof. The platform base and the body of the tower are carved with columns, beams and cupboards, the tower is carved with floor-level wooden squares, flower windows and eaves, and the roof is carved with rafters and tile decorations, all of which are very realistic. Although this type of tower is made of stone, it can be regarded as a model of a large wooden tower that could be climbed and used for defense. The earth-and-stone type Ethereum Que is a representative example. It is only divided into three parts: the platform base, the Que body, and the roof. There is no tower or only the upper part of the Que body is schematically bulged outwards. This is a solid, purely majestic and ceremonial palace that cannot be climbed.
"Tongzhi of Sichuan" contains: Que's title is "Han Pingyang Prefecture Junshu Shinto". Today only the word "Hanping" remains. Que was built during the Chuping and Xingping years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The upper part is embossed with figures, carriages, horses, hunting and other patterns, and the lower part is engraved with figures of strong men in the four corners, with majestic postures. The four corners of the palace cover are engraved with green dragon, white tiger, vermilion bird and Xuanwu. Junque of Pingyang Prefecture has a novel concept, exquisite carvings, proficient knife skills, strong knife skills, vivid and interesting images. There are many complex statues of vivid clouds, fairies, rare birds and monsters carved on the tower, which has a strong artistic appeal. and a strong flavor of life. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit.