When Yu Guangzhong returned to Taiwan Province from Hongkong 15 years ago, he "abandoned Taipei" and "moved to Kaohsiung". When the reporter first arrived in Taipei, his plan to visit the famous poet on both sides of the Taiwan Strait ran into trouble. Fortunately, it was reported that he was going to Taipei to attend a pen meeting in the literary translation field, and we met him. I didn't expect the poet to readily agree.
The interview naturally begins with his creation, and "homesickness" is a common topic for both sides. Yu Guangzhong told reporters that CCTV had just negotiated with him to compose his poem "Homesickness" as the theme song of the TV series "Minnan Celebrity", which tells the story of Zheng Chenggong's descendants living on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.
■ "There is no difference in achievement between writing poetry with the right hand and writing prose with the left hand."
Yu Guangzhong was born in Yongchun, Fujian, and left the mainland on 1949. Three years later, he graduated from the Foreign Languages Department of Taiwan Province Provincial University. He has taught and created in many universities, and studied and worked in the United States and Hong Kong. At present, he teaches at National Sun Yat-sen University in Kaohsiung. He has published more than 40 kinds of poems, essays, comments and translations. He calls himself "a polygamist in literary creation". Liang Shiqiu, a literary master, commented that he "wrote poetry with his right hand and prose with his left hand, and his achievements were very high."
"From 2 1 year-old wandering to the island, to the homesickness whispering under the lonely light of the small building, and then to cross-strait visiting relatives, sightseeing and exchanges, I still have lingering homesickness." Talking about the eternal homesickness complex and mental journey in his works, he said, "But I gradually realized that my homesickness should now be an attachment to the whole of China, including geography, history and culture."
Since the 1960s, Yu Guangzhong has written many homesick poems, among which people have been arguing for a while, "When I die, bury me between the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and cover the black soil with white hair, in the most beautiful and motherly land." Recalling the scene when he wrote "Homesickness" in the early 1970s, Yu Guangzhong sometimes bowed his head and meditated, and sometimes looked up, as if feeling the sad atmosphere at that time. He said, "The more days go by, the more I feel homesick. After leaving the mainland for 20 years, I wrote homesickness in my old residence in Xiamen Street in Taipei in just 20 minutes. "
Yu Guangzhong said that this poem is "quite realistic": when I was a child, I went to boarding school and had to correspond with my mother; Go to the United States to study after marriage and return to Taiwan Province by boat; Later, my mother died and lost her maternal love forever. The first three sentences of this poem are all about women. In the last sentence, I thought of the "big mother" in mainland China, so my artistic conception and thinking suddenly became clear. There is a saying that "homesickness is a shallow strait".
Yu Guangzhong has lived in Nanjing for nearly 10 years, and the scenery of Purple Mountain and the elegant charm of Confucius Temple have already penetrated into his blood. During the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Chongqing to study, and Jialing River water and Bashan wild wind once again infiltrated him. "I am glad that I was 2 1 year old when I left the mainland. I have been educated by the traditional Four Books and Five Classics, and also influenced by the May 4th New Literature. China culture has taken root in my heart. " Yu Guangzhong said, "If homesickness has only pure distance and no vicissitudes, it is thin."
Homesickness is a homesick song shared by Taiwan Province compatriots and the people of China. After that, Taiwan Province singer Yang Xian composed and sang eight poems, including Nostalgia of Yu Guangzhong, Four Rhymes of Nostalgia and Folk Songs, which were loved by mainland compatriots. Yu Guangzhong said: "There are no fewer than half a dozen musicians who have composed music for the four songs" Homesickness "and" Homesickness ". After composing music, Wang, who is in his 80 s, danced and sang by himself, which was touching. Returning to China before others is the poet's greatest comfort. "
■ "When I turn around, the wind blows black hair. When I turn around, it's all snow."
1992, Yu Guangzhong set foot on the mainland again after 43 years. Speaking of this trip to Beijing, Yu Guangzhong said: "My homesickness has entered the realistic stage from the romantic stage. The mood of my trip to the mainland is quite complicated. As if in a dream, I climbed the Great Wall and visited the Forbidden City in Beijing. I was infected by the affection of compatriots on both sides of the strait and wrote many poems to express my homesickness. Because I have never been to Beijing before, I have no corresponding feelings and experiences when I return to the mainland for the first time. "
Since then, Yu Guangzhong has traveled to and from the mainland seven or eight times. He returned to his hometown in Fujian, went to Nanjing, Hunan and other places, visited the hometown of Jinling University in Nanjing, heard about Dangui in Wuhan, visited relatives and friends, and talked with mainland students, which naturally gave him a sense and understanding of the mainland.
He said: "When I first arrived in the mainland, I was very excited by what I saw and heard. However, I also saw that Dongting Lake became smaller, and the small bridges in Suzhou were polluted. I was a little disappointed. But since then, I have been to the mainland many times, and the rapid changes there have surprised and excited me. " In Sichuan, the writer Liu Shahe gave him a folding fan and asked him not to think about Shu Happy? He wrote an inscription: thinking about Shu but not being happy. There is also a touch of homesickness between calligraphy and painting.
He said: "Xuanwu Lake and Purple Mountain have changed, but I can still recognize the original university building. I have met many people with good mental outlook and living standards. In particular, the mainland has implemented the policy of reform and opening up and devoted itself to construction. It is very courageous and practical. "
Yu Guangzhong said that his trip to the mainland also made him more and more aware that homesickness is his attachment and affection for the Chinese nation. "I later wrote a lot of poems in Taiwan Province Province. I write about Li Guang Wang Zhaojun for a while, Qu Yuan Li Bai for a while, and Jing Ke pricks Qin, praising Fu day by day. I suddenly realized that these are all manifestations of my deep' China complex'. "
He said: "I recited my poem" Folk Songs "when I gave a speech at the mainland university." It is said that there are folk songs in the north, which can only be sung by the vital capacity of the Yellow River. From Qinghai to the Yellow Sea, the wind can be heard, and so can the sand. "The students present responded with me and were impassioned. This is our national sentiment. "
During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Yu Guangzhong escaped from Nanjing with his mother and was pursued by the Japanese army. Fortunately, they escaped from danger and later moved to Chongqing, Vietnam. When the Japanese bombed Chongqing, thousands of compatriots suffered greatly. Fortunately, Yu Guangzhong is hiding in the suburbs of Chongqing. Speaking of these disasters, Yu Guangzhong said: "All these have aroused my national feelings as a China person. At that time, I felt the pride of the Chinese nation. As long as I sing' My home is on the Songhua River in Northeast China' and' Wan Li, the Great Wall of Wan Li', I can't help but burst into tears. When I visited the Northeast a few years ago, the songs of my youth still lingered in my mind. So I wrote a poem' the long wind outside the customs blows overseas white hair, fluttering like a thousand miles of poplars on the roadside'. "
During his visit to the United States, Yu Guangzhong admitted that his poems were influenced by the popular rock music at that time, and he paid more attention to rhythm, so it was easy for composers to take a fancy to composing music. However, he still used "The Yellow River is in the upper reaches of the blue ink" to show that his cultural heritage was influenced by China culture. He said that although he studied in the United States and his poetry was influenced by some western things, what remained unchanged was the charm of China culture and his nostalgia for the Chinese nation. His works are deeply influenced by The Book of Songs, and he has also studied the works of Cang Kejia, Xu Zhimo, Guo Moruo and Qian Zhongshu. He said: "As a China person, I am proud and I am even luckier to be able to use Chinese."
■ "Burn me to ashes, my soul, Tang Po, is still lingering in the thick soil."
Yu Guangzhong once wrote in his article: "Burn me to ashes, my soul of the Han Dynasty, Tang Po, still lingers in the thick soil. The endless old country, the dragons who traveled all over the world called her the mainland, the strong men called her Kyushu, and the heroes called her Jianghu. " He said: "For many years, I have been screaming and whispering China in my poems, just crying for my soul."
In his article, he mentioned that the mainland is the mother, Taiwan Province Province is the wife, Hong Kong is the lover, and Europe is an affair.
He said that China culture has an inescapable influence on all dragons. Referring to some people in Taiwan Province Province who tried to split the cultural ties between the two sides, he said: "Chopsticks can be used for eating, but can the Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival be changed? Isn't Mazu, which everyone believes in, also from the mainland? When Yu and other mainland cultural scholars gave a speech in Taiwan Province, they caused a sensation. Doesn't that mean that China culture has been passed down from generation to generation? "
Yu Guangzhong's wife is his cousin, a native of Jiangsu, who has the charm and taste of a female intellectual. During their stay in Chongqing, they were childhood friends. Another feature of them is that they speak Sichuan dialect at home. Yu Guangzhong once gave a speech at Sichuan University. He asked if the school could speak Sichuan dialect since it was in Sichuan. Later, the school told him that students came from all over the country and "only used Mandarin", so Yu Guangzhong had no chance to show his ability to speak Sichuan dialect.
After returning to Taiwan Province from Hongkong, Yu Guangzhong has been living in Kaohsiung and teaching at National Sun Yat-sen University in order to avoid complicated affairs and all kinds of communication. Although he is over 70 years old, he is full of energy, humorous and talkative, without losing his childlike innocence. He keeps working, attending classes, creating and editing books every day, and enjoys it. His latest works were reprinted by mainland newspapers from time to time, and some mainland publishers wanted to publish his works, so he took the trouble to proofread them himself.
"National Sun Yat-sen University" has a beautiful environment, close to Shoushan Scenic Area, with Kaohsiung Port, the fourth cargo port in the world, in the south and Xiziwan in the west. His office is halfway up the mountain, facing the sea. Yu Guangzhong whispered to the sea, "When I was in Taipei, my office was near the sea, but it was on the east coast of Taiwan Province Province. What's the point of seeing the Pacific Ocean and America? This may be providence. Now I can stand by through the window and look straight at the west bank of the strait. Although I am in Taiwan Province Province, I can see my mainland all my life across Hong Kong. " ■