The kingdom of Tanigu has a history of friendly exchanges with China since the Northern Song Dynasty. In the sixth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, King Tanny led 150 people to visit China, and died in Nanjing in June of the same year at the age of 28. Judy, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, followed his last wish to "bury China with a corpse". As a Yi nationality in southwest China, he became a citizen of China and kept the tomb for generations.
20 12, 165438 10. As one of the heritage sites of China's Maritime Silk Road Project, Nanjing Mausoleum was listed in the China World Cultural Heritage Protection List. According to the schedule, the preparatory work will be completed in 20 15, and will be formally submitted to the World Heritage Conference for consideration in 20 16.
Venue: Wugui Mountain, Waihua Village, Andemen, Nanjing Opening hours: 8:30 to 17:00 Scenic Spot Level: National Key Cultural Relics Protection Unit Ticket price: 15 yuan. Tomb owner: historical evolution, tomb specifications, cemetery description, epitaph, etc. Brunei, the State of Gu Ni, has a long history and is located in the north of kalimantan island. It has been in friendly contact with China since the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, sent an envoy to Tanny. In the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Zhang Jingzhi, an imperial envoy, and Shen Zhi, a Fujian minister, as envoys to the floating mud country. When he returned to China, King Ma and Mosha sent a special envoy to accompany Zhang Jing to China to congratulate the establishment of the Ming Dynasty. In the winter of the third year of Yongle (1405), King Mana Jaga sent envoys to offer local products, and Ming sent officials to make him king, and also asked Yin Hao to survey and collect coins. In the sixth year of Yongle (1408), the king came to China with his wife, brothers and sisters, children and more than 150 people, and was warmly received by Emperor Yongle. In the Ming Dynasty, * * * specially sent Beijing official money to Fujian to meet Adam Wang, a floating mud. All the counties that passed through on the way from Fujian to Nanjing were warmly received. After arriving in Nanjing, Emperor Yongle hosted a banquet in Gai Hua Hall, then hosted a banquet in Fengtian Hall for the king and his entourage, and also sent Mrs. frenzy to host a banquet in Huitong Hall for the queen and others. Usually, officials are sent to deliver the banquet to the hotel, accompanied by ministers. In October of the sixth year of Yongle (1408), the king suddenly fell ill, but was saved by the doctor too much. He died in the same museum (now Tongjimen Park Road in Nanjing) at the age of 28. The king left a will before his death: "The body was entrusted to China." Ming was very sad, so he "retired for three days" and pursued "deference". He buried the Andemen Lion Hill according to Chinese etiquette, and looked for foreigners from the southwest who had entered China to guard the king's tomb. Every spring and autumn, there are special people to clean it. Due to the changes of the times and wars, the tomb of King Boni was once annihilated in history and could not be found for more than 100 years. On the afternoon of May 1958 and 12, Nanjing cultural relics workers found a turtle crawling in Yang Shan, the southern foot of Wugui Mountain, which belongs to donghua village of Tiexin Bridge. In the grass next to the turtle's fall, there is a remnant tablet, and most of the inscriptions are scattered, but after careful consideration, you can vaguely recognize the handwriting such as "The king was buried in the rocky mountain outside Andemen", "The utensils are rich in gold and silver, and the coins were given to the king's wife" and "The king of Boni went to China". The next day, the cultural relics workers found another monument in the ditch in front of the tomb. This is the first half of the monument, and most of the handwriting is illegible, but at the beginning, there are more than a dozen words such as "This tomb is the long-lost tomb of King Boni" 1958. The tomb of King Tanny was discovered, and then the remains buried in the soil were discovered. Inscriptions can make up for the shortcomings of Ming history. The shape of the mausoleum is similar to that of heroes Xu Da and Li Wenzhong in the early Ming Dynasty. It has been renovated according to its original appearance, with 12 stone carvings and the base address of the hall. The tomb is an important material for friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries in ancient times. In 200 1 year, the tomb of King Tanni was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit. With an investment of nearly 6.5438+million yuan, the first-phase restoration project of Tanni Mausoleum has completed the protective restoration of mobile tablet pavilions, memorial archways, tombs, Shinto and other cultural relics. The second phase of the ongoing project will build a Brunei Garden with strong Brunei regional characteristics and cultural landscape in the cemetery. Over the years, tourists have been coming to the tomb of the mud king, and Brunei has sent people to pay tribute to it many times. On June 5438+065438+ 10, 2003, Mr. and Mrs. abdulla hameed, Brunei's ambassador to China, also came to King Tani's Tomb to exchange historical materials and culture with historians. After the completion of Brunei Style Garden, the Mausoleum Scenic Area will become an important place for Nanjing to receive tourists from Southeast Asia. In April 2006, Princess Masna, Sultans Of Brunei's elder sister and ambassador at large of the Ministry of Foreign Trade, came to Nanjing. Accompanied by Liu Xinsheng, China's first ambassador to Brunei, and Xu Huiling, vice mayor of Nanjing, your Highness and his party 14 paid a visit to the tomb of King Gu Ni in Yuhuatai District of Nanjing, and unveiled the China-Brunei Friendship Pavilion, which opened China. 2008 is the 600th anniversary of the death of Mana Rajanai, the king of mud. During 1408, Sultan Manayaganai of Brunei II led a delegation to pay a friendly visit to China. Unfortunately, he died in Nanjing, and the Ming emperor Judy buried him in the lion's hill in the southern suburbs of Nanjing with a royal ceremony. This tomb of a foreign king buried in the land of China has become a powerful example of the friendly exchanges between the Chinese nation and other countries in history. To commemorate the former king of Brunei, Manaia Kanai, and promote the friendship and cultural exchanges between the two countries, the Historical Center of Brunei Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports filmed a feature film about the tomb of King Boni. During their stay in Ning, they visited Boni King's Tomb and carefully photographed every detail of Boni King's Tomb. The film crew also photographed the site of the Ming Palace where the Ming Emperor Chengzu met Manayanyi. The Municipal Foreign Affairs Office and the Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics sent special personnel to help the film crew do a good job in special shooting in terms of historical materials and translation. 20 16 May, China and Brunei Historical and Cultural Research Center was established in Nanjing. The overall upgrading of Tanni Mausoleum Scenic Area is expected to be completed in June 2065438+2007. Mausoleum specifications The mud king's tomb faces south, facing the pond in the front, facing Niushou Mountain in the distance, and surrounded by mountains in the east, west and north. It is really a "land of feng shui". There is a turtle monument in front of the tomb, which is engraved with "Tomb of the King of Clay". The floating mud king cemetery has Brunei style, with Shinto, memorial archway, tablet pavilion and other landscapes. Shinto is flanked by a pair of stone horses, a pair of grooms, a pair of stone sheep, a pair of Shi Hu, and a pair of civilian military commanders. Its provisions are the same as those of ordinary heroes' tombs in Ming Dynasty. In the center of Shinto entrance stands a tombstone, 8.95 meters high, 2.2 meters wide and 0.7 meters thick, engraved with tortoise shells. The inscription was written by the great scholar Hu Guang. On both sides of Shinto behind the monument, there are Shima Groom, Shiyang and Shi Hu. There is a tombstone in front of the tomb with a monument on it. The cemetery has a quiet environment and lush trees. The mausoleum is surrounded by thousands of trees of dozens of varieties such as cedar, clove and crape myrtle. The Shinto from the main entrance of the mausoleum area to the mausoleum area is curved, and there are two opposite stone statues on both sides of the Shinto, which are solemn and solemn. There is a tombstone in front of King Tanny's tomb, but there is a monument. The Shinto from the main entrance of the mausoleum area to the mausoleum area is curved, and there are two opposite stone statues on both sides of the Shinto, which are solemn and solemn. Tracing back to the cemetery where Nanjing Clay King was buried, the tomb has experienced a history of 600 years and has been abandoned several times. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, no one knew. In the literature records, the location of King Tanny's tomb is not detailed, only "Lion Hill outside Andemen" is recorded, and the records in local chronicles are more concise, only "Buried in Lion Hill" is written. During the Republic of China, Nanjing scholars searched in the southern suburbs of Yuhuatai for the tomb of the muddy king. In the end, they came back with regret because the scope was too large. They felt: "The remains are all elusive. "After the founding of New China, the Nanjing Cultural Management Committee conducted a general survey of the city's cultural relics. On May 1958 and 12, census workers came to donghua village outside Andemen, and local farmers told them that there was a "stone turtle" in Wugui Mountain. The census taker found an unknown tomb called "Ma Hui Hui Tomb" by local people. On a broken monument, I saw the words "Manarang, the wet king, went to China in August of six years" and "Lion Hill outside Andemen". After textual research, this is the mud-stained king's tomb that has been considered "elusive" for many years. Since then, this tomb of a foreign king buried on the land of China has become a historical witness of the friendly exchanges between the Chinese nation and other countries in history. From the early years of the Ming Dynasty to the present, after many wars, the tomb of King Tanni was once uncertain, and even the villagers nearby did not know the identity of the tomb owner. They just call it "the horse returns to the grave" according to the image of the stone man with a high nose, arched lips and a moustache in front of the tomb. 1958 In May, when the staff of the Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Committee conducted a cultural relics survey in donghua village, under the guidance of the villagers, they found a group of stone carvings lying at the southern foot of Wugui Mountain. The carving style of turtles and tombstones is similar to the tombs of heroes Xu Da and Li Wenzhong in the early Ming Dynasty, and they are listed as the Ming Tombs. Later, a broken tablet was found in the soil, with a width of 1.09 m, a thickness of 0.30 m and a residual length of1.09 m. There are some words in the inscription, such as "August 1st, the 6th year of Yongle", "Naini Wang went to China", "The body was buried in China" and "Wang was buried in the lion's hill outside Andemen". Census workers looked up the Inscription on the Tombstone of Naini Wang Gongshun written by Hu Guang in Ming Dynasty, and the contents were completely consistent. The monument has been repaired and erected beside the road leading to the king's tomb. Entering the tomb, stone carvings are arranged on both sides: the stone pillars have been destroyed, leaving only the column base; A pair of horses and a pair of horse officials, the horses are 2.6m long,1.5m high and 0.62m wide; Maguan height1.86m, width 0.7m and thickness 0.5m; A pair of Shiyang, length 1.6m, height 1m and width 0.53m; a pair of Shi Hu, length 1.5m, height 0.95m and width 0.5m; A pair of military commanders, 2.05 meters high, 0.85 meters wide and 0.5 meters thick. There are only pillars left in the enjoyment hall. 1958 After the discovery of King Tanny's tomb, the relevant departments organized experts and scholars to conduct painstaking and meticulous investigation and textual research, thus saving this cultural relic with historical value of Sino-foreign exchanges from the dust of history and making it public, which caused great repercussions at home and abroad. The descendants of Manayanai and Brunei officials, businessmen and scholars sent delegations to the cemetery to pay tribute and offer sacrifices. 1988. Mr. Wu Benxing, a famous poet and professor of Chinese Department of Nanjing Normal University, came to the cemetery during the Qingming Festival and called it: "King Tanny's visit really set the stage for Sino-foreign friendship." He also wrote a poem: "The tomb of the clay king will remain fragrant forever, and it has been buried in China for a long time. "Xiudao is homeless, the sea and sky are vast and the sun is shining." The local * * * has listed King Tony's Tomb as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Jiangsu Province, and has restored and righted buildings such as Shinto stone carvings in front of the tomb, built a new cement road leading to the cemetery, and planted trees around the cemetery every year. The office of the King of Brunei twice sent special envoys to offer sacrifices to their ancestors. 1In September, 1994, Bi Heng Jamir, head of the country's cultural delegation, confirmed through investigation that King Tani was the king in Brunei's history, and wrote the book Sultans Of Brunei II accordingly. It has become a symbol of friendship between China and Brunei for generations. In 200 1 year, the tomb of King Tanni was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit. With an investment of nearly 6.5438+million yuan, the first-phase restoration project of Tanni Mausoleum has completed the protective restoration of mobile tablet pavilions, memorial archways, tombs, Shinto and other cultural relics. The second phase of the ongoing project will build a Brunei Garden with strong Brunei regional characteristics and cultural landscape in the cemetery. Over the past 600 years, despite many twists and turns, King Tanny's mausoleum has finally been well protected. During this period, countless descendants made various efforts: 199 1 year, the book "Exploring the Origin of the Tomb in the Mud" written by Yang Xinhua and Yang Jianhua came out; 1August, 1995, Nanjing * * * sent someone to send the imitation tombstones and tortoise shells to Brunei for permanent display at the Brunei National Historical and Cultural Center; In June, 200 1 year, as the only foreign tomb in Nanjing, Tanni Tomb became a national key cultural relics protection unit. 2005 is the 600th anniversary of Zheng He's voyage to the West. This year, Nanjing invited Professor Du Shunbao from Southeast University to make a plan to expand the tomb of King Tanni, which not only restored the original regulations according to the records in the history books, but also added a group of quadrangle buildings with Islamic characteristics-China Brunei Friendship Hall. As a result, the location of the tomb with mud has become a beautiful scenery in Nanjing and a witness to the friendship between the two countries. Mausoleum inscription "Huang Mingwen's Volume 81": "On the tombstone, Huang Gong and Wang Senping stand side by side"-Hu Guang, in the autumn and August of the sixth year of Yongle, went to the next place to pay tribute with Manajia Gana, Clay King, Huang Gongsen Ping and General Jiankang of Tengchong, Yunnan, led more than 50 people/kloc-0. Go to the Royal Fengtian Temple and be enshrined by it. When I retire, I will serve the gates of heaven and call for words, as if I can communicate with them. I said, "In remote places, the birthdays of male and female servants are celebrated. I thought I could see clearly, I didn't know what to do, but I dared to blaspheme. " He said, "Heaven will cover me, the earth will lift me, and the son of heaven will be kind to me. I grew up quietly, ate well, dressed well, and supported my life with equipment; The strong dare not bully the weak, and many dare not bully the widowed. Who is the son of heaven who made all this happen? ! The merits of the son of heaven are the same as those of heaven and earth. However, heaven and earth look up and see the situation, but the son of heaven is hard to see. It is too sincere and unreasonable. " I am a humble servant and concubine, not afraid of danger and distance, so I can float under the pavilion and achieve my sincerity! "He said," hey! Only the sky, only the emperor, pay the world and raise the people; Heaven tested each other and treated the people equally. "Give him the responsibility of heaven and the emperor, lest he be as good as you said!" Then he suddenly nodded: "Since the beginning of the Emperor's reign, the country has been rich and harmonious: those mountains and rivers are full of treasures, but they are presented;" What is ignorant of vegetation is Huo Ran, which is true; Different birds are humming while animals are dancing. The country's senior minister said,' China sage, moral education overflows here'. "Although the minister's land is far away from the capital, it is the son of heaven who protects himself, so he comes to pilgrimage and feels pity." Jia Jia is sincere. He gives preferential treatment to Li Long, which is very generous. The first banquet was held in Gaihua Hall, even in Fengtianmen. At every banquet, husbands and wives are ordered to entertain their wives and stay in the museum. After the banquet, the officials offered food with thick clothes; Every day, ministers are ordered to wait on the mansion, and middle-class people are specially invited to make up lessons, be rich in gifts, enter the DPRK, be on duty, and spoil the mansion! After more than a month, Wang suddenly felt unwell. See a doctor and give good medicine for treatment; Send nobles to ask. One by one. Living minister, depending on the king's illness; I like to watch colors when listening to plays. Wang said to his wife, "I am sick, which worries the son of heaven. I am doomed." I was lonely, but I was lucky enough to see the sound and light of the son of heaven when I entered the DPRK, and I died without regret. If you die, bury your body in China, not for ghosts! "Those who regret it are deeply grateful to the son of heaven, so they can't pay for it with their lives, and they are sincerely responsible for it with death." Pointing to his son, he said, "I can't afford it, so I took my son in and thanked the son of heaven: I will never forget the son of heaven." "If you wait as long as I want, will you close your eyes and have no regrets?" On the second day of October, Wang died at the age of sixty-eight. I'm very sorry about that. Drop out of school for three days; He has a secretary, funeral equipment, a big shirt and a "respect". Send imperial edicts to sacrifice, and send envoys to comfort his wife and children. The king's wife worshiped the emissary and said, "I am a humble minister, and Fogg is deeply grateful to the son of heaven. We can't have nothing. If you have a legacy, you should' never forget the son of heaven'. If you keep your promise, you will die! "Mrs Wang's words are also virtuous. It's Yue Gengyin, who buried the king in the lion hill outside Andemen. For writing and ambition. The king's father said, "Manayasha Nawangsha"; Mother said she lost eight; His wife said he was evil; One of the sons is Sun Ke and Roy, just four years old, and the daughters are Guigu and Guiniang. Brilliant attack the king, giving crown clothes, jade belts, ceremonies, pommel horses, clothes, utensils, gold and silver, brocade and coins. Life clothes for the king's wife, pearls, platinum, brocade and coins. The rest are different in giving. King Zhengshi's brothers, Nannala, Wei and Nawannuoxie, are three people who helped the distant country to become rich and strong. A letter to the minister set up a shrine in the king's grave. There are three households guarding the tomb. Under the monument and the shrine, I ordered ministers from all walks of life to write inscriptions. I admire Emperor Suining Yu, Mao Yang Tiande and Pu Bo. Wherever the sun and the moon shine, they all return to their hearts, fearing the future or the future, staying in the country they have mastered, dropping out of school and gathering in the court. Tens of thousands of years, Clay King will go to China and visit Wan Li. Once they have wives, sisters and accompanying ministers, they will not be embarrassed; Knock on words, loyalty overflows, and its heart is firm, such as stone. His last words, especially boxing, belong to him so as not to forget the son of heaven. The sages gradually became infected and touched people's hearts. How deep and rich! But Wang Xianda is smart, loyal and consistent; Should be pampered, so as not to delay the heir. In fact, the use of discipline, sound is the inscription of poetry, showing promise, in order to show your kindness and sincerity. Ming said, "On Meiji Day, there were ten thousand male and female servants. Whoever doesn't like it, come to the king. Leaning against the mud, the place became inflamed, and the influence came back. Women say children, nieces accompany ministers, and their ranks are high. My name is Tianzi, and I am happy to be my parents. I am Tianzi. Wear the sky and the ground, the domain is better than the sky, look forward to a bright future and offer sincerity. The son of heaven said, Xu, Yu Tong, Yu Ning, but De failed to catch it. Wang bowed his head, cheered for a long time, rewarded virtue and benevolence, and nursed Chunhai. State-owned mountains and rivers, hiding their treasures, hiding their spirits, do not love to come out. Ye Zhenzhen is the only place where vegetation flies. It is spectacular and real. Different birds live in harmony, singing feathers and animals dancing. The country is yellow, and the sanctification is gradually coming. Although the country is embarrassed, I admire it. The son of heaven is happy, treats different gifts, feasts tin, and is thick and purport. At the full moon in Yunhu, the disease suddenly came, and the election was defeated and the sorrow was lost. Last words, the territory belongs to China, Bernie Ford forgets, and the son of heaven is deeply grateful. For the wise king, he is extraordinary, and all the fans in the southwest are inferior to the king. The living are sincere, always in Nanyang, proud of Wang Yin and Shize Golden Shield. There is a tomb like a hall and a temple wing to complete the tomb and return the soul to the hometown. Senping Yuanshou gave Wang Li, the chief commander, the hereditary Sultan, Gong Ding Chuan, and the World Honored. Enjoy life, eight out of sixty. Legend has it that anecdotes stand on both sides of King Tanny's tomb, and stone horses, sheep and Shi Hu stand upright, which is very solemn. However, tourists may notice that the stone-carrying turtle in King Tanny's tomb is a bit strange, and you can clearly see a thin joint mark on the turtle's neck. What is the reason? It turns out that there is a beautiful and moving folklore about this joint mark. According to legend, when King China came, he met an injured turtle in the South China Sea. The king was kind-hearted, and ordered the accompanying doctor China to treat the tortoise and set it free after it was cured. I didn't expect this turtle to go to China with the king. The king tried to convince him that China was too hot and short of water for the tortoise to survive, so the tortoise had no choice but to agree to stay in the South China Sea. After the death of King Tanny, he was buried in the southern suburbs of Nanjing. The tortoise still wants to express his gratitude. Seeing that it was sincere, the immortal agreed to attach his soul to the stone carving and guard the memorial tablet in front of King Tanny's tomb. There was a severe drought in Nanjing this year, and it didn't rain for several months. The turtles were thirsty and saw people's pain, so they looked everywhere for water to drink. People felt a little strange when they saw the stone turtle move, so they followed it. After several treks, they found a clear spring and all the people were saved. However, because the tortoise went AWOL, God became angry and a bolt of lightning broke the stone's neck. Hundreds of years later, this stone turtle without a neck still faithfully guards the king's grave. It was not until 1960 that the local villagers found the stone parts that were cut off that year and successfully bonded the turtle body and the glans with special materials. Because of this, tourists can still see the traces of the joint today. Brief introduction of the owner of the tomb The mud country, which is now Brunei Darussalam, has a long history of communication with China, and envoys visited it in the Northern Song Dynasty. Introduction to Boni King's Tomb In the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370), Taizu sent Zhang Jingzhi, an imperial envoy, and Shen Zhi, the governor of Fujian, as envoys to Boni. When they returned to China, Mahemosha, the king of clay, sent messengers to accompany them to North Korea. In the sixth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1405), King Manana Nai, with his wife, siblings and children, accompanied Zheng He's sailing fleet, with a total of 150 people visiting China, which was warmly received by Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. King Tanny visited Nanjing for more than a month and was unfortunately ill. Although he was carefully nursed back to health by the imperial doctor, he was very ill. He died in Nanjing in August of that year at the age of 28. Ming Chengzu obeyed his last wish of "hoping to bury China in the flesh", dropped out of school for three days, sent officials to offer condolences, honored him as "respectful", buried China in the lion hill outside Andemen in the southern suburbs, and ordered naturalized Nanyang people to keep the tomb, which was cleaned by special personnel every spring and autumn. Wang Na, son of Mana Jaga Nanai, attacked the king. In September of the 10th year of Yongle, Wang Yao and his mother came to Nanjing, China again to pay homage to their father.