1904 February, the Russo-Japanese War broke out under the covert manipulation and encouragement of Britain and the United States. The corrupt and incompetent Qing government, in desperate circumstances, declared neutrality and took the area east of Liaohe River as the battlefield of the Russo-Japanese War. After the Japanese army occupied Anton, in order to facilitate the transportation of military supplies and dispatch troops, they put pressure on the Qing government on the pretext of "building railways to prevent Russia from making a comeback" and rashly built railways without the consent of the Qing government. Japan's Temporary Railway Brigade and Temporary Railway Supervision Bureau built a light narrow-gauge military railway with a gauge of only 762 mm without the consent of the Qing government.
In order to win the war as soon as possible, in August 1904, 10, the railway started in Anton, passing through Jinshan Bay and a mountain from the west bank of Aihe River to the north, and the track was paved to Phoenix in three months. February of the following year 1 1 Track laying to Xiamatang. Originally planned to build Matang to Liaoyang, it was rebuilt to Fengtian with a total length of 26 1 km due to the progress of the war. At the same time, a simple railway station, Tieyi Puyi, will be built at the Yalu River, the starting point of Anfeng Railway. 190565438+February 15, the whole line runs through, and it takes 16 months. At this point, the embryonic form of Anfeng line railway was initially formed.
1905, Japan and Russia ended the 20-month-long Russo-Japanese War in Northeast China in September under the mediation of the United States. It is stipulated in the Portsmouth Treaty signed by the two sides after the war that the Russian government will allow the railway from the south of Changchun (Kuanchengzi) to Lushunkou, all the rights and property attached to the local railway, and the railway attached there to be transferred to the Japanese government, and so on. According to these regulations, Russia transferred part of its rights and interests in northeast China to Japan without authorization. In the eyes of the Japanese, Anfeng Railway is an important link between Japan and the northeast of China. After nearly a month's negotiations, Japan and the Qing government signed the Sino-Japanese Conference on the Affairs of the Three Northeast Provinces. In the end, the weakness of the Qing government made the railway that should have been demolished to Japan, and Japan gained the right to continue to operate and rebuild Anfeng Railway.
Shortly after the signing of the treaty, Japan continued to force the Qing government to agree to Japan's "improvement" of the Anfeng line military light rail line. They controlled all the commercial activities of the Anfeng line railway and thus gained benefits in the Northeast. Since then, based on the so-called "legal basis", Japan has carried out a series of activities to improve and rebuild Anfeng Railway and transform it into a permanent commercial railway with standard gauge.
In April, 1907, "Nanman Railway Co., Ltd." (hereinafter referred to as "Nanman Railway") operated and undertook the reconstruction task. The reformed gauge is 1435 mm, and the light rail is replaced with 40 kg A and 40 kg B rails per meter. The whole line is divided into four engineering sections, which are responsible for the line reconstruction from Anton to Jiguanshan, Jiguanshan to Lianshanguan, Lianshanguan to Benxi Lake and Benxi Lake to Fengtian respectively. 19 1 1 year 1 October 3 1, connecting with Nanman Railway via Hunhe Station where Fuan signal is located, and officially opened to traffic in the same year11. A total of 24.7 million yen was invested in the standard track reconstruction, and 6.5438+0.3 million person-days were used, with an average daily output of 6.5438+0.5000 people, of which more than 80% came from China. According to the minutes of Anfeng Line of Nanman Railway, the passenger volume of the reformed Anfeng Line is 527,350, the freight volume is 7,84713 tons, and the average daily income is 3,003 yen. Japan didn't build this railway just for war. Anton and North Korea are separated by a river, and North Korea is very close to the main island of Japan. As soon as the Anfeng Railway was completed, it crossed the Yalu River and connected with the Korean Railway, which opened the transportation line for plundering China's resources.
1In August, 909, after the Anfeng line was changed to a standard railway, Japan began to build the Yalu River Bridge to connect with the Korean railway. It takes only 60 hours from Tokyo to Fengtian through this large passage that runs through the northeast of China and the Korean Peninsula to Busan and reaches Japan by sea, greatly shortening the time of maritime transportation. 19 12, the name of Tieyi Puyi was changed to "Anton Yi". In order to meet the transportation needs, 19 14 In June, Japanese imperialism forced Beiyang warlords to sign a contract to expand Andong Station. So far, Dandong has become an important land port city in China.
Around Anfeng Railway, Japan has also made great efforts to build feeder railways in various parts of Northeast China. While further tightening control over the Northeast, we should go deep into the hinterland of the Northeast and plunder the rich grain, coal, minerals and forest resources in the vast areas of the Northeast. Anfeng Railway has not only become the main transportation line for Japanese invasion of China and plundering the resources in northeast China, but also become a transportation center that runs through the Korean Peninsula and northeast China and connects Europe and Asia.
With the continuous growth of Anfeng Line's traffic volume, during the 36 years from 1909 to 1945, the lines, stations, communication signals and locomotive and vehicle maintenance equipment of the whole line have been reformed many times.
19 14 Equipment renovation of Anton Station in June. The new station building is a Japanese-style brick and wood structure building. The station building is divided into two parts, a two-story comprehensive building and a large waiting hall on the first floor. 1918165438+1October 28th, Manzhouli Railway invested 622,000 yen and started laying Sujiatun-Chenxiangtun Railway, 17km, 700m,19/. 1921June 20th, Sujiatun-Wujiatun double track was laid for 9 kilometers, which increased the transceiving capacity of Sujiatun station.
Starting from 192 1, "Man Tie" began to build the double track of Anfeng Line. Due to the shortage of funds, it was built in stages, and it took 23 years from the start of construction to the opening of traffic. 193 1 08 September 18, the Japanese Kwantung Army conspired to launch the "September 18th Incident" and the Northeast fell. Anfeng line has become an important railway line for Japan to invade China and transport military supplies during wartime. In order to seize this "treasure land" in Northeast China, after two years from 1937, Japan expanded Miyahara Station (Benxi Station) and built a hub area with the capacity of locomotive and rolling stock servicing, maintenance and train formation. In the same year, Andong Station was also expanded, making Andong Station the main marshalling station on Anfeng Line. 194 1 Build a marshalling station in Dasha River between Laogugou Station and Hamatang Station. 1On August 5, 945, after the Japanese invaders surrendered, the double-track rail between Andong Station and Wujiatun Station was demolished by the Soviet Red Army, and the single track remaining during the Liberation War was destroyed, and the traffic sections were intermittent. The second Yalu River Bridge was completed on April 1943 due to the increase in freight volume.
1June, 947, after the second liberation of Anton, the railway from Andong Station to Xiamatang Station was reopened to traffic, and this humiliating history really returned to the hands of the people of China. After the founding of New China, the lines and facilities in the weak sections were rebuilt and expanded while the double track of Shendan Railway was repaired. The wooden sleepers of the whole line are replaced by reinforced concrete sleepers, and the 50 kg A-rail per meter is replaced by the 50 kg medium-sized rail with elastic fasteners.
1950, when the Korean War broke out, Andong Station became an important wartime transportation frontier, and many volunteer soldiers set foot on the Korean battlefield from here. During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, Shen An (Anton) Railway became the main railway line from Shenyang to Dandong, and the whole line of transportation was unimpeded, which also made Andong Station become the "bridgehead of explosive steel transportation line" of U.S. imperialism. The north of the railway line is connected with the Changda Line and Sufu Line in Sujiatun, and there are branches along the line, such as Liao (Yang) (Ben), Xitian (Tian Shifu) and Fenghuang (Shanghekou), which run through the southeast of Liaoning Province. There are 40 tunnels, 17539 linear meters, and 363 large and small bridges, 13407 linear meters.
At the beginning of the first five-year plan (1953), with the recovery and development of the national economy, the passenger and freight volume increased gradually. Due to the need of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the Ministry of Railways invested RMB12.66 million from June 1953 to June 1954 to repair Shiqiaozi to Benxi, Qijiabao to Caohekou and Liu Jiahe to Fenghuang. During the "Great Leap Forward" from 65438 to 0958, the freight volume increased sharply, and the transportation capacity from Benxi to Nanfen was tight. The Ministry of Railways plans to invest 2 million yuan to repair this section of double track, and construction started in March from 65438 to 0959. Due to the lack of labor and materials, the project is intermittent. By June 1960, only part of subgrade filling and tunnel lining expansion was completed, with an investment of 6 17000 yuan. /kloc-in the winter of 0/960, the state implemented the eight-character policy of "adjusting, consolidating, enriching and improving" for the national economy, shortened the infrastructure front, and the project stopped immediately. 1973 In order to cooperate with the construction of Waitoushan Iron Mine, the repair of Shiqiaozi-Waitoushan double track was started in May and completed on May 27th 1975. 1979 transform Benxi hub area, repair Benxi-Nanfen double track at the same time, build Benxi-Wujiatun double track, and build Qiaotou Station between Qiaotou and Sunjiabao, laying 6 stations in total. By the end of 1985, Nanfen Station, Xinqiao Station line, station and passenger and freight transport equipment were basically completed. 1986, Qiaotou-Nanfen double track was completed and put into use with a total investment of 80 million yuan. The Yalu River double-track bridge was bombed during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and it has never been repaired.
At present, Shen-Dan railway is the second line, with 50 kilograms of rails, reinforced concrete sleepers, 0/.800 sleepers per kilometer/kloc-0, and 250 mm thick beds under the sleepers. The running speed of the whole train is per hour 100 km.
20 15, the century-old railway ushered in a new life. After the opening of Shendan Passenger Dedicated Line, the existing railway freight capacity in Shen Dan will be further released, and Shendan Passenger Dedicated Line can keep pace with the existing railway transportation in Shen Dan, which can provide more adequate passenger and cargo capacity guarantee for economic and social development along the line. At present, the old Shen Dan Railway Line is carrying out research on the design of railway electrification transformation, and plans to greatly improve the transportation capacity, save energy and reduce transportation costs. After the transformation is completed, the stability and safety of the railway power supply system will be greatly improved, the comfort of passengers will also be improved, and its unique historical and humanistic charm will continue to spread.
At the end of 1995, the total extension length of Shendan line was 695 kilometers. Among them, the main line is 4 19.6 km (single line is 254.3 km, double line and above 165.3 km), the station line is 2 19.3 km, the interval pipeline is 30 km, the branch line is 22 km, and the dedicated line is 4.0 km. 28 1.9 km main line has jointless track; Maximum gradient: ascending 1 1.6‰, descending 13.7‰, Line A14.3 ‰; Minimum curve radius: 390 meters upward, 367 meters downward and 288 meters along line A; The allowable speed of the line is 70 ~ 95 kilometers per hour. There are 46 stations and boarding houses. Special station: Sujiatun; First-class stations: Benxi and Dandong; Second-class stations: Benxi Lake and Phoenix City; 3 third-class stations; 34 fourth-level stations; The rest of the place is for riding and descending.