Zhao Kuangyin 1
Zhao Kuangyin (March 2, 9271-June165438+1October14,976) was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang (now Dongguan, Chanhe District, Luoyang City, Henan Province).
Military strategist and martial artist from the Five Dynasties to the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty (reigned on February 4, 960-976 165438+ 10/4). The second son of Zhao (Song Xuanzu), the garrison commander of the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, was Du (Queen Zhao Xian).
In the later Han Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin defected to Guo Wei in Yin Di. After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin began to join the army, which was highly valued by Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong. When conquering the Southern Tang Dynasty, he made many meritorious deeds.
When Chai Rong was seriously ill, he appointed Zhao Kuangyin as the commander-in-chief in front of the temple, in charge of the imperial guards in front of the temple. Shortly after Zhou Gongdi ascended the throne, he was ordered to resist the Northern Han and Qidan allied forces.
Immediately in the "Chen Qiao mutiny" was made emperor. After the army returned to Beijing, Emperor Gong was forced to meditate and ascended the throne, which was called "Song" and "Northern Song" in history.
During the reign of Zhao Kuangyin, according to Prime Minister Zhao Pu's strategy of "South first, then North, first easy and then difficult", he devoted himself to unifying the whole country, and successively eliminated the southern separatist regimes such as Jingnan, Wuping, Houshu, Nanhan and Nantang, and completed the unification of most parts of the country.
Zhao Kuangyin's "relieving the military power with a glass of wine" twice relieved the military power of the imperial generals and local buffer regions, thus solving the self-sufficiency situation of our local soldiers since the middle Tang Dynasty. He also set up a "pile bank" to store money, silks and cloth, so as to redeem the sixteen states that Shi Jingtang, the high-impedance of the late Jin Dynasty, gave to the Khitan.
In the ninth year of Kaibao (976), Zhao Kuangyin died at the age of 50. In the 16th year of his reign, posthumous title was buried in Yongchang Mausoleum. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008), Jia Ji set out to establish a great hero, a great warrior, a literary god, a virtuous saint and a filial piety.
2. Zhao Zhen
Zhao Zhen (101May 00,12-1April 30, 063), whose real name is Zhao Li. The fourth emperor of the Song Dynasty (1March 23rd, 022-1April 30th, 063) was the sixth son of Zhao Heng, Song Zhenzong, and his mother was Li Chenfei.
The monarch of the early calendar, the king of Shouchun County, was promoted to the King of Heaven, and the official book was sealed. In the second year of Tianxi (10 18), he was appointed Crown Prince and named Zhao Zhen.
In the first year of Ganxing (1022), thirteen-year-old Zhao Zhen ascended the throne. In the early days of Xianming Zhang's administration, he listened to Liu's political opinions and took power in two years (1033).
The first "Song-Xia War" broke out in the middle of the reign. After three years of fighting, the two sides signed the Calendar and Celebration. During this period, the Liao dynasty took the opportunity to press the border on a large scale, forcing the Song dynasty to increase and decrease the annual currency, which was called "increasing the currency by emphasizing the city" in history.
In response to the increasingly serious ruling crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Zhen appointed Fan Zhongyan and others to carry out the "Qingli New Deal" in the third year of Li Qing (1043), but the reform was suspended immediately because of the huge opposition.
In the eighth year of Jiayou (1063), Zhao Zhen died at the age of 54. He reigned for forty-two years and was the longest-serving emperor in the Song Dynasty. Emperor Wen Sheng, posthumous title Deshen Wu Ruizhe and Xiao Ming, whose temple number is Renzong, were buried in Yongzhaoling.
During the reign of Zhao Zhen, the economy was prosperous and the science, technology and culture developed greatly.
3. Zhao Yong
Zhao Zhen (101May 00,12-1April 30, 063), whose real name is Zhao Li. The fourth emperor of the Song Dynasty (1March 23rd, 022-1April 30th, 063) was the sixth son of Zhao Heng, Song Zhenzong, and his mother was Li Chenfei.
The monarch of the early calendar, the king of Shouchun County, was promoted to the King of Heaven, and the official book was sealed. In the second year of Tianxi (10 18), he was appointed Crown Prince and named Zhao Zhen.
In the first year of Ganxing (1022), thirteen-year-old Zhao Zhen ascended the throne. At the beginning of his reign, Xianming Zhang listened to Liu's political opinions and took power in two years (1033). The first "Song-Xia War" broke out in the middle of the reign. After three years of fighting, the two sides signed the Calendar and Celebration.
During this period, the Liao dynasty took the opportunity to press the border on a large scale, forcing the Song dynasty to increase and decrease the annual currency, which was called "increasing the currency by emphasizing the city" in history. In response to the increasingly serious ruling crisis in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Zhen appointed Fan Zhongyan and others to carry out the "Qingli New Deal" in the third year of Li Qing (1043), but the reform was suspended immediately because of the huge opposition.
In the eighth year of Jiayou (1063), Zhao Zhen died at the age of 54. He reigned for forty-two years and was the longest-serving emperor in the Song Dynasty. Emperor Wen Sheng, posthumous title Deshen Wu Ruizhe and Xiao Ming, whose temple number is Renzong, were buried in Yongzhaoling.
During the reign of Zhao Zhen, the economy was prosperous and the science, technology and culture developed greatly.
4. Zhao Shen
(shèn,1127165438+1October 27-1/June 28, 1994), whose real name was Bocong, was later renamed as Yuancong, with the number Wei. The second emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty and the eleventh emperor of the Song Dynasty (ascended the throne on July 20th, 062-11February 89, 18).
In the second year of Shaoxing (1 132), he was selected by Emperor Gaozong and raised in the palace. In the 30th year of Shaoxing (1 160), Shaoxing was established as a prince and appointed as a feudal king. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), in May, Shaoxing was established as the Crown Prince and renamed Zhao Shen.
In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), Song Gaozong gave way to Zhao Shen and brought the throne of the Song Dynasty back to Song Taizu. In the sixteenth year of Xichun (1 189), Zhao Shen Zen was located in Zhao Dun, the third son, and claimed to be the Emperor Shouhuang.
In the fifth year of Shao Xi's reign (1 194), Zhao Shen died at the age of 68. SHEN WOO, a philosopher in posthumous title, was buried in Yongfu Mausoleum. In the third year of Qingyuan (1 197), SHEN WOO Jia Guan de Zhao Gong became the filial piety emperor. Song Ci recorded a poem about this.
It is generally believed that Zhao Shen was the most successful emperor in the Southern Song Dynasty. During his reign, he rehabilitated Yue Fei's unjust case and recovered the Central Plains with hawks.
In internal affairs, strengthening centralization, actively rectifying bureaucracy, eliminating redundant officials, punishing corruption, attaching importance to agricultural production, and making people live a healthy life is known as "clean governance" in history. Later generations called it "outstanding as the first emperor of Nandu."
5. Zhao Xu
Song Zhezong (107765438+1October 4th-165438+February 23rd, 2000), formerly known as Zhao Maid, was the seventh emperor of the Song Dynasty (1April 0851-/.
Zhao Xu was made king of lord protector and Yan 'an in his early years. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), he was made a prince and ascended the throne in the same year. He was only nine years old, and his grandmother, Empress Dowager Gao Taotao, began to pay attention to politics. Gao Qi used Sima Guang and others to restore the old law, which was called "Geng Hua" in history.
In eight years (1093), Gao died and began to lead the government. After Zhao Xu came to power, he ordered the promulgation and implementation of Yuanfeng new law, stopped Fan Chunren, Lu Dafang and other old party prime ministers, and started new parties such as Zhang Dun and Ceng Bu. Militarily, the battle of Hehuang was restarted, the Qing Dynasty was incorporated, and two wars of Xiaping City were launched to make Xixia surrender.
In the third year of Fu Yuan (1 100), Zhao Xu died of illness at the age of 24 and was in office for fifteen years. Posthumous title Xiande Qi Xiaodi, whose temple name is Zhezong, was buried in Yongtai Mausoleum.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Kuangyin
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Zhen
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Xu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Shen
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Xu