Bian He presented this treasure to Li, the king of Chu. However, after the identification of jade workers, Pu was judged as a stone. Li Guowang thought that Bian He had deceived the king and ordered Bian He to break his left foot and expel him from the capital.
When King Wu ascended the throne, Bian He presented the original jade, but the jade worker still thought it was a stone. Poor Bian He had his right foot cut off because of bullying the king.
After King Chu acceded to the throne, Bian He wept bitterly at the foot of Chushan for three days and nights, and his eyes overflowed with blood. King Wen was very surprised and sent someone to ask him, "Are there many people cut off?" Why are you the only one so sad? " Bian He sighed, "I'm not sad because it was cut off, but because the precious stones were treated as stones, and the loyal ministers were treated as the ministers who bullied the monarch. It's sad that right and wrong are reversed! " This time, King Wen directly ordered someone to cut it, and as a result, he got a flawless jade.
In order to reward Bian He's loyalty, Meiyu was named "He Shen Jade", which is the legendary He Shen Jade in later generations.
King Chu got this beautiful jade and cherished it very much. He couldn't bear to carve it, so he treasured it as a treasure. More than 400 years have passed, in order to commend the loyal ministers for their meritorious service, the color of "harmony" was specially presented to Zhaoyang. When Zhaoyang led the guests to visit Chishan, the jade jade was displayed for people to watch. Unexpectedly, after the crowd dispersed, Yuyu disappeared.
More than 50 years later, Zhao Renmiao first bought a piece of jade in the market with 500 gold. Unexpectedly, the jade worker identified this jade as the one that has been missing for many years. When King Huiwen of Zhao heard that He Shibi appeared in Zhao, he took it for himself.
Zhao Haoqi, the king of Qin, wrote to the prince of Zhao, saying that he was willing to exchange fifteen cities of Qin for jade. The King of Yue was awed by the power of Qin and sent Lin Xiangru to Qin. Resourceful Lin Xiangru lived up to his mission and designed to retrieve the jade and send it back to Zhao.
In 228 BC, the State of Qin destroyed Zhao, and Choi finally fell into the hands of the State of Qin. Unfortunately, He Shibi disappeared from the historical records. Legend has it that after Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he made a national seal of Heshibi.
The ups and downs of the imperial seal
Let's put it this way, whether the jade seal is a jade seal or not, after Qin Shihuang unified China, he did let a jade worker carve a jade seal and call it the "Imperial Seal". According to historical records, this seal is carved from white jade in Lantian, Shaanxi, and it is a tiger-killing button. It is said that the inscription on the jade seal of arowana phoenix bird was written by Prime Minister Lisi in the form of a big seal.
From the publication of the official seal, the legendary experience began. Legend has it that in 2 19 BC, when Qin Shihuang was touring Dongting Lake in the south, the wind and waves suddenly broke out and his ship was about to be destroyed. The first emperor threw the jade seal into the lake and sacrificed the waves to the gods so that he could cross the lake safely. Eight years later, when he went to Pingshu Road in Huayin, someone stood on the road with a jade seal and said to the attendants of the first emperor, "Please return this jade seal to Zulong (called by Qin Shihuang)." Then he disappeared. Pass the imperial edict and return it to Qin.
In the war at the end of Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang led the troops into Xianyang first. Tian Zi Seal was given to Liu Bang by a gentleman who died in Qin Dynasty. Liu Bangjian Han acceded to the throne, and she passed the national seal, which is called "Han passed the national seal" in history. Since then, the jade seal has been treasured in Changle Palace, becoming a symbol of imperial power. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped power and Emperor Liu Yingcai was two years old. The imperial seal is in the charge of Empress Xiao Yuan. Wang Mang ordered Hou Wangshun of Anyang to force the queen mother to hand over the imperial seal, and was angered by the queen mother. In a rage, the Queen Mother threw the imperial seal on the ground, and a corner of the imperial seal was dropped, and then it was filled with gold, leaving a flaw mark.
After Wang Mang's defeat, the jade seal changed hands several times, and finally fell into the hands of Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, and spread to the Eastern Han Emperor. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ten servants made an insurrection, and the young emperor fled in a hurry, before he could take the imperial seal. When he returned to the palace, he found that the imperial seal was missing. People in Sun Jian dug up the body of a maid-in-waiting in Gong Zhenjing, south of Luoyang, and found the "Jade Seal" in the kit around her neck. Sun Jian regarded it as an auspicious omen, so he began his dream of being an emperor. Unexpectedly, someone in the Sun Jian army informed Yuan Shao about it. When Yuan Shao heard about it, he immediately detained Sun Jian's wife and forced Sun Jian to hand over the decree. Later, the Yuan Shao brothers were defeated, and the "national decree" was returned to Emperor Han Xian.
The three countries have stood firm, the decree belongs to Wei, the three countries are unified, and the decree belongs to gold. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the north fell into an era of frequent regime changes and turbulence. "State decrees" are constantly being questioned and deprived. In the fifth year of Yongjia (AD 3 1 1), the imperial seal was restored. In the fourth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 329), the post-Zhao destroyed the former Zhao and obtained the imperial seal; Ran Min, the post-Zhao general, killed Shi Jian and regained the imperial seal. At this stage, several "private seals" appeared, including self-seal in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Murong Yongyin in Xiyan and Yao Qinyin. In the Southern Dynasties, when he arrived in Liang Wudi, Hou Jing rebelled and was deprived of the imperial edict. Shortly after Hou Jing's defeat, the imperial seal was put into a well in qixia temple, fished out and kept by monks in the temple, and then presented to Chen Wudi.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the "Jade Seal" was still the treasure of the rulers. After Zhu Wen usurped the Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, the imperial seal suffered bad luck again. Li Congke, the deposed emperor in the later Tang Dynasty, was defeated by Qidan and set himself on fire with a decree. So far, the whereabouts of the jade seal are unknown.
True and false national laws and regulations
Since the Song Dynasty, because the rulers of past dynasties strongly advocated that obtaining the national seal was a "destiny's return" and a "auspicious sign", the true and false national seal was repeatedly found. For example, in the third year of Song Shaosheng (A.D. 1096), Duan Yi, a native of Xianyang, claimed that the jade seal of "green as blue, moist and shiny" and the jade seal of "five buttons on the back" were dug up from the ground, which were verified by officials such as Cai Jing, a bachelor of Hanlin, and so on 13, and were identified as "real Qin-made" jade seals. However, according to later research, it was a trick played by Cai Jing and others to deceive the emperor. In the 13th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (AD 1500), Mao Zhixue in Huxian County got a seal in the Nihe River, which was given to Emperor Xiaozong by Xiong Yuzhong, the governor of Shaanxi Province. According to legend, the official seal brought into the desert at the end of Yuan Dynasty was personally visited by Emperor Taizong of the late Jin Dynasty, and Huang Taiji changed the title of "Jin" to "Qing". However, in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, there were 39 jade seals in the Forbidden City, and one of them was regarded as a fake by Emperor Qianlong. It can be seen that the authenticity of the national seal is difficult to determine. It is said that the real national seal was brought to Mobei by the Yuan Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty. Is the real national seal made by Cui? Where does it flow? So far, there are different opinions, and no one can agree.
The attitude of people in Ming and Qing dynasties towards "passing the seal" is different from before. According to Ming History? Yu fuzhi? In "The Emperor's Treasure Seal", Fu Han, an official of the Ministry of Rites, commented on the official seal sent by the local government: "Since Qin Shihuang got the seal from lantian jade, he used it after Han Dynasty. Naturally, I'm smart enough to fight for power and profit. I've ordered it, but I don't know that I'm ordered to do good, not seal Hou. Therefore, if you can't get it, you can fake it to deceive people; If you get it, the monarch and ministers will be happy to show it to the world. All this has been absurd for thousands of years. "The Legend of Treasures in Zhou Dynasty, an aristocratic imperial system, also said:" Those who are not in the ceremony have the seal of' I was ordered by heaven to live forever', but I don't know when to attach it to the temple and put it in the middle. According to its words, Qin Xi has been handed down from ancient times, but the seal script is not as old as Li Si's Insect Birds ... If the treasure is concerned, it is nothing more than Qin Xi, which is both true and expensive! After three years of Qianlong, when he was in charge of the river, he played the Baoying River Jade Seal, which was lovely and consistent with Cai Shu's "Dropping out of Farming". I put this kind of imitation of what I did in a different temple, which is regarded as playing with old things. Father Xi simmered and the ancients discussed it in detail. Even if it still exists, how can politics and political things be stored with the treasures handed down from this dynasty? Yu Yi has not done so. He Shibi, Curious Tales of the Millennium National Treasure
In 689 BC, an old man named Bian He was crying at the foot of Jingshan Mountain (now Nanzhang West, Hubei Province). When officials came to ask, Bian He said that there was treasure in the big bluestone he was holding, but he was accused of cheating Wang Jinxian, the king of Chu, twice and was punished for losing his legs one after another. It was very sad. Officials were suspicious of transporting the big bluestone to the capital. When the jade craftsman cut it open, a crystal clear stone appeared. King Wen of Chu, who just acceded to the throne, saw the jade carved with it and was full of love, so he named it "He". Since then, He Shibi has been collected in the Palace of Chu State.
More than 300 years later, "He Shibi" became a household name and fell into the hands of Zhao Haoqi Huiwen. On hearing the news, Xiang of Qin offered to exchange fifteen cities. Lin Xiangru sent bi to Qin Gong, and the king of Qin broke his word; He tactfully took back the jade and tried to bring it back to Zhao. This is the idiom "priceless" and "return to Zhao in perfect condition".
Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, destroyed the State of Zhao in 222 BC, and got the "Jade of Harmony". The following year, he established the first feudal dynasty in the history of China, and took "He's Jade" as the imperial seal. This imperial seal symbolizing power is "square four inches". The seal was written by Prime Minister Lisi himself and carved by Sun Shou, a famous jade craftsman. According to the Nine Meanings of Han Dynasty, there are eight words written on the seal: "I will live forever".
By the Western Han Dynasty, "Heshibi" had become the national seal. In 1 year BC, Liu Xin, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, died of illness, and the young emperor ascended the throne, and the "Choi of Harmony" was presided over by the Empress Dowager. Before Wang Mang usurped the throne and stood on his own feet, he sent his cousin to force the empress dowager to hand over "He Shibi". She was so angry that she threw it on the ground and said, "Your brothers are enemies of heaven and will not come to a good end!" " When Wang Mang was holding the "Heshibi", he found that one corner of it was smashed, so he quickly ordered the jade craftsman to set it with gold. When the Xin Mang regime collapsed, "He Shibi" was hung on the head and neck of the red-eye rebel leader. In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, "He Shibi" returned to the palace.
The last emperor to master "Harmony with Stone" was Li Congke at the end of the Five Dynasties and Tang Dynasty. Before Shi Jingtang of the Jin Dynasty captured Luoyang after 936 AD, he and his concubines set themselves on fire in the palace, and everything in the imperial court was thrown into the fire. Since then, "He Shibi" has disappeared mysteriously, and there are different opinions about its whereabouts.
"He Shibi" has been passed down for 1600 years, which is really rare in the world. Many scholars in the past dynasties wanted to find out its true face and made arduous explorations. 192 1 year, geologist Zhang analyzed in Cliff that it should be a rare green and white Labrador stone. In 200 1 year, Yuan Kuirong, a geologist and expert in gemstones and ornamental stones, exhibited the "Hebi" imitated by Labrador stone.