Divided by yarn thickness
1. Roving: Roving refers to the yarn of 32 tex or more (English 18 inch or less). This yarn is suitable for thick fabrics, such as tweed and plain cloth.
2. Medium tex yarn: Medium tex yarn refers to 2 1~32 tex (English 19~28 inches count) yarn. This yarn is suitable for medium-thick fabrics, such as plain cloth, gabardine and khaki.
3. Fine tex yarn: Fine tex yarn refers to 1 1~20 tex (29~54 inch) yarn. This yarn is suitable for thin fabrics, such as muslin and poplin.
4. Ultra-fine yarn: Ultra-fine yarn refers to the yarn of 10 tex and below (58 inches and above). This yarn is suitable for high-grade fine fabrics, such as high-count shirts and worsted sweaters.
According to the spinning system
1. Worsted wool yarn, also called combed yarn, refers to the yarn spun by combing process, including combed cotton yarn and combed wool yarn. The fibers in the yarn have high parallelism and uniformity, but the cost is high and the number of yarns is high. Combed yarns are mainly used as raw materials for high-grade fabrics and knitwear, such as worsted, gabardine, tweed, sweater and so on.
2. Coarse spinning, also known as carded wool yarn or carded cotton yarn, refers to the yarn combed by ordinary spinning system without combing. In coarse spinning, there are many short fibers, poor parallel straightness, loose structure, more fluff, low yarn count and poor quality. This kind of yarn is mostly used as raw materials for general fabrics and knitwear, such as wool fabrics and cotton fabrics with medium size or above.
3. Waste spinning waste spinning refers to the yarn spun with textile waste (waste cotton) or mixed with low-grade raw materials. The yarn is of poor quality, soft, uneven evenness, heteropoly and poor color. Generally, it is only used for weaving coarse cotton blankets, thick flannel, packaging cloth and other low-grade fabrics.
According to the spinning method
1. Ring yarn refers to the yarn twisted by traditional spinning method on ring spinning frame. The fibers in the yarn are interwoven inside and outside, and the yarn has compact structure and high strength. However, because the twisting and winding work is completed by one mechanism at the same time, the production efficiency is limited. This kind of yarn has a wide range of uses, and can be used in various fabrics, knitwear and ropes.
2. Free-end yarn Free-end yarn means that fibers are condensed and twisted into yarn in the high-speed rotating rotor flow field or electrostatic field, and the twisting and winding of yarn are completed by different parts respectively, so it has high efficiency and low cost.
⑴ Airflow spinning: Airflow spinning, also known as rotor spinning, uses airflow to condense and twist fibers in a high-speed rotating rotor and output them into yarn. Compared with ring-spun yarn, the yarn structure is fluffy, wear-resistant, uniform and brightly dyed, but its strength is low. This yarn is mainly used for bulky and heavy plain cloth, flannel and knitwear with good hand feeling in woven fabrics.
⑵ Electrostatic yarn: Electrostatic yarn is a kind of yarn made by using electrostatic field to coagulate and twist fibers. The yarn structure is the same as that of the air-spun yarn, and its use is similar to that of the air-spun yarn.
⑶ Vortex yarn: Vortex yarn is a kind of yarn spun with fixed vortex spinning tube instead of high-speed rotating rotor. The yarn has many bending fibers, low strength and poor evenness, but it has good dyeability and wear resistance. This yarn is mostly used in pile fabrics, such as sweaters and sportswear.
⑷ Dust-cage yarn: Dust-cage yarn, also known as friction spinning, is a kind of yarn formed by condensing and twisting fibers with a pair of dust cages. The yarn has a layered structure, with a large twist in the core and a small twist in the outer layer, which makes it feel soft. This yarn is mainly used in industrial textiles and decorative fabrics, and can also be used in outerwear (such as work clothes and protective clothing).
3. Non-free end yarn: Non-free end yarn is a yarn spun by another new spinning method different from free end yarn, that is, in the process of twisting fiber, both ends of the fiber strip are held, not free ends. This new type of yarn includes self-twisting yarn, air-jet yarn and core-spun yarn.
⑴ Self-twisted yarn: Self-twisted yarn is a new type of yarn without open ends. It is a kind of yarn which is twisted by two yarn strips through reciprocating rollers. When the yarns are connected in parallel, they are twisted with each other by untwisting and rotating forces. This kind of yarn has uneven twist, and there are untwisted sections on one yarn, so the yarn strength is low. Suitable for producing wool yarn and chemical fiber yarn, fancy fabric and suede fabric.
⑵ Air-jet yarn Air-jet yarn is a kind of yarn spun by high-speed jet vortex generated by compressed air, false twist, wrapping and kinking. The yarn structure is unique, the yarn core is almost untwisted, the wrapping fiber is wrapped at will, the yarn is loose, the feel is rough and the strength is low. This yarn can be processed into woven and knitted fabrics, and made into jackets, shirts, sportswear and work clothes for men and women.
⑶ Core-spun yarn: Core-spun yarn is a kind of yarn with filament as the core and short fiber wrapped, which has the advantages of both core and short fiber wrapped, making the yarn performance better than single fiber. Commonly used yarn core filaments are polyester filament, nylon filament, spandex filament, and short fibers such as cotton, polyester cotton, acrylic fiber and wool. At present, core-spun yarn is mainly used as sewing thread, shirt fabric, burnt-out fabric and elasticity.
According to the yarn structure
1. Single yarn: Single yarn refers to the yarn twisted by only one fiber bundle. It can be spun from one raw material into pure textiles, or from two or more raw materials into blended yarns to form blended fabrics.
2. Stranded yarn: Stranded yarn is a yarn formed by twisting two or more single yarns. Its strength and wear resistance are better than that of single yarn. At the same time, the twisted wires can be combined and twisted in a certain way to obtain twisted pairs, such as twisted pair, three-stranded wire, multi-stranded wire and so on. Mainly used for sewing thread, braided thread or medium-thick strong fabric.
3. Monofilament: Monofilament consists of a fiber filament. Its diameter depends on the thickness of the filament. Generally, it is only used for processing thin fabrics or knitted fabrics, such as nylon stockings and face towels.
4. textured yarn: textured yarn is obtained by deforming synthetic fiber filaments from flat to curly, also known as textured yarn or processed yarn. Textured yarn includes high elastic yarn, low elastic yarn, bulky yarn and net yarn.
(1) High-elastic yarn: High-elastic yarn or high-elastic textured yarn has higher elasticity, but average bulkiness. Mainly used for elastic fabrics, mainly nylon high elastic silk.
⑵ Low elastic yarn: Low elastic yarn or textured elastic yarn has moderate elasticity and bulkiness. It is mostly used for knitting fabrics, especially polyester low-elastic yarn.
⑶ Bulk yarn: Bulk yarn has low elasticity and high bulk. It is mainly used for fabrics that require good bulkiness, such as wool, underwear or coat, and its typical representative is acrylic bulky yarn, also called cashmere.
⑷ Network yarn, also called cross-linked yarn, is formed by holding some filaments together in the process of chemical fiber spinning. This kind of silk is soft and bulky, and its wool-like effect is good. It is mostly used in women's wear. Golf cloth popular in recent years is also made of this kind of silk.
6. Fancy yarn: Fancy yarn refers to yarn with special appearance, feel, structure and texture obtained through various processing methods. There are three main types:
⑴ Color line: Color line refers to mixing colored fibers into the fibers of the base yarn in a certain proportion, so that the yarn presents distinct color segments and color points with different lengths and sizes, such as colored dotted lines and rainbow lines. This yarn is mostly used in women's wear and men's jackets.
⑵ Fancy yarn: Fancy yarn is a kind of yarn with various appearance characteristics, such as loop yarn, slub yarn, spiral yarn and knotted yarn. The fabric woven with this yarn is fluffy and soft, with good warmth retention, unique appearance style and strong three-dimensional effect. It can be used for light summer fabrics, heavy winter fabrics, clothing fabrics and decorative materials.
⑶ Special fancy yarn: Special fancy yarn mainly refers to gold and silver yarn, chenille yarn, etc. Gold and silver wire mainly refers to the gold and silver wire obtained by clamping aluminum sheets between polyester film sheets or steaming on polyester film. It can be used not only for fabrics, but also for decorating sewing threads, so that the surface of fabrics is shiny and bright. Chenille yarn is a special fancy yarn, that is, the fiber is held on the plied core in the shape of a bottle brush. Soft to the touch, widely used in flocking fabrics and spikes.
Depending on the purpose of the yarn
1. Woven yarn: Woven yarn refers to the yarn used to process woven fabrics, which can be divided into warp and weft. Warp yarn is used as the longitudinal yarn of fabric, which has the characteristics of large twist, high strength and good wear resistance. Weft, as the transverse yarn of fabric, has the characteristics of small twist, low strength and softness.
2. Knitting yarn: Knitting yarn is used to knit fabrics. The yarn requires high quality, small twist and moderate strength.
3. Other yarns: including sewing thread, embroidery thread, braided thread and miscellaneous thread. According to different uses, the requirements for these yarns are different.