1 general situation of ecological garden city construction
At present, the construction of eco-city, garden city and even garden eco-city in China is in the ascendant. However, its concept is still very vague. Environmental protection departments, construction departments and even forestry and tourism departments are all involved in this work, but most of them understand this comprehensive and complicated system engineering from their local jurisdiction. The new goal of building an ecological garden city put forward by the Ministry of Construction is to "implement a people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable Scientific Outlook on Development and promote the sustainable development of Chinese cities". Although it is emphasized that ecological garden city is higher than "garden city", there is no clear "ecological garden" standard in its construction goal. The environmental protection department emphasizes that to build an "ecological garden city" is to use the principles of environmental ecology to plan, build and manage the city, further improve the urban green space system, effectively prevent and reduce urban air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and various wastes, promote clean production, green transportation and green buildings, promote the harmony between urban people and nature, and make the environment cleaner, safer, more beautiful and more comfortable.
Eco-city garden construction is a complex systematic project, which needs to conform to the laws of nature, use restoration technology to build multi-level, complex structure and multi-functional plant communities, improve the ability of self-maintenance, renewal and development, enhance the stability and stress resistance of green space, and realize low-level manual management and sustainable maintenance and development of landscape. Urban space is a collection of various ecosystems, because its buildings often account for the largest proportion, which is completely different from the nature of natural systems. The material energy discharged by human activities has changed the local environment of the city, making the city an ecological island and developing in a direction unsuitable for human habitation.
In recent years, urban construction has entered the stage of ecological environment construction, greening has become a hot topic, and urban landscape construction has shown an unprecedented vigorous trend. When the square green space, landscape avenue, small garden, garden club and so on emerge in endlessly, many problems have also been exposed.
2 problems in urban landscape construction
2. 1 The construction of municipal gardens cannot fully reflect the design concept of the project. Urban greening projects are different from construction projects, and their rigor and technology are not very strong, which makes many people mistakenly think that greening construction is just planting trees and paving grass. No one can do it, and with its considerable profits, many individual teams with low quality flood into the greening construction industry, and institutions copy drawings. As we all know, "three points design, seven points construction", one.
2.2 Municipal garden construction lacks special greening supervision. At present, the supervision of greening construction in most cities is concurrently held by the construction supervision. In addition, in the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Urban Greening Projects, there are few mandatory clauses with "must", which often appear: the soil is good and can be planted; Tree pits should not be big, just plant them; You can do without applying base fertilizer. Only pay attention to the final landscape effect, not to soil, base fertilizer, pit specifications and so on. , making some trees grow poorly and increasing the difficulty of later maintenance and management. The grade and quality of greening projects are directly related to the landscape effect, city image and cultural taste of a city. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the management of greening construction and standardize the greening market.
2.3 loose municipal garden construction project cost management is not only an engineering economic issue, it also integrates technology and management. In municipal engineering, cost control personnel should not only have professional knowledge of municipal engineering and engineering cost, but also involve problems of measurement and computer drawing.
Due to the large scale and long construction period of municipal construction, the control of project budget and settlement audit should run through the whole process of construction projects. With the change of market economy, the determination and control of project investment become more complicated, which requires the management of project cost to run through the whole process of the project and reasonably determine the project cost.
Moreover, under the condition of market economy, the cost of construction projects will fluctuate with the changes of internal and external environmental conditions, such as changes in material prices, design changes, and time limit for a project. This will affect the actual cost of the construction project. But up to now, the incidents of project shutdown caused by out-of-control project cost budget and settlement are common, which shows that the cost management of municipal engineering in China is not perfect enough and needs to be further improved.
3. In view of the problems existing in the construction of municipal gardens, put forward the solutions.
3.65438+ The competent department of greening mainly reviews the design scheme of its greening project, and comprehensively inspects the landscape, ecology, functionality of its green space and its coordination with the surrounding environment. Only after the approval of the competent department of greening can the construction be carried out according to this. This will not only help to improve the level and grade of greening projects, but also facilitate the greening authorities to grasp the greening situation of the whole society, so as to formulate macro-planning and carry out macro-control of cities. In order to achieve a certain scale of greening projects, it is necessary to implement the bidding system, let the construction units with certain greening construction qualifications and achievements participate, implement the system of survival of the fittest, and let those with poor construction quality and poor reputation quit the greening construction industry. Even if it is a small-scale greening project construction, it must be qualified for greening construction, and those who are not qualified are not allowed to engage in any greening project construction activities.
3.2 It is necessary to supervise and manage the greening construction. With the continuous improvement of the legal system, new laws and regulations such as the construction law and the regulations on quality management of construction projects have been promulgated one after another, and the adjustment scope of the old laws and regulations is inconsistent with that of the upper-level law. In addition, in recent years, there have been some new situations, new problems and new adjustments in the supervision and management of construction sites, which have changed the subject of law enforcement. Therefore, it is necessary to amend the regulations.
In order to ensure that construction administrative departments at all levels and construction engineering safety supervision institutions earnestly perform their project management and supervision duties, it is necessary to further strengthen the responsibility consciousness of those responsible for production safety, improve the level of construction engineering safety supervision and management, and make the assessment of construction engineering safety supervision responsibility institutionalized, standardized and standardized. A greening construction supervision company composed of not only architects, hydropower engineers, but also landscape engineers should be introduced to control the investment, progress and quality of greening projects. For example, in strengthening the quality management of construction process, we should pay attention to soil treatment and implement the market access system for green buildings; When organizing the design disclosure and the joint review of drawings, the design unit is required to introduce the design intention in detail, and the construction unit should deeply understand the overall design idea of the project so as to use it flexibly in construction.
3.3 Adopt effective cost control methods.
3.3. 1 Strictly follow the capital construction procedures, and do a good job in municipal project reserve. Every step of the construction project procedure has its specific work content. Strict implementation of capital construction procedures is a management system that must be followed, and municipal projects should go through examination and approval procedures in strict accordance with relevant regulations. Therefore, it is the premise of effective cost control to make a good project reserve and ensure the progress and depth of the preliminary work of the project.
3.3.2 Control according to the goal of cost reduction. Refers to the control with the goal of reducing cost planning and production consumption, so as to supervise and truthfully reflect the actual cost expenditure, correctly record and calculate the actual cost, continuously expand the saving effect, correct the deviation of cost overrun and waste, and make the cost reduction goal become the pointer of municipal engineering cost management.
3.3.3 Cost feedback control. Cost feedback control is based on the principle of feedback control and the characteristics of economic work, and is based on a complete planned control and continuous reflection information system. In a word, when controlling the project cost, first, we should make a cost plan; Second, we must strictly review expenses; Third, we should always compare and analyze the cost plan with the actual expenditure; Fourth, we should always study ways to reduce expenses.
4 conclusion
With the advancement of urbanization in China and the improvement of people's material and spiritual living standards, there will be new requirements, new changes and new problems in the construction of municipal gardens. In this regard, we should prepare in advance and innovate management to ensure the healthy development of municipal garden construction.
For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd