The name finger, ch stands for little finger. Usually the little finger is not used, as shown in the figure:
Before plucking the strings with your right hand, let's talk about playing the piano with your nails. Beginners who have never played the piano can play the piano with their fingertips without leaving their nails for the time being, and then leave their nails to play after they have a certain foundation. Nail pruning and maintenance is a specialized knowledge, which can only be mentioned briefly here.
Everyone should choose the shape and length of nails according to the condition of fingers, the way of plucking strings and the pursuit of timbre. I, M and A refer to the fingernails that are usually left 0.5-3 mm long. The shape of the fingernails left is different for everyone, and some people leave their thumb nails slightly longer. Generally speaking, the nails are short and the piano is loud and thick, but the granularity is poor when playing happy sentences. Long nails may have better clarity and brighter timbre, but they are easy to lose weight. None of this is absolute. In short, we must rely on our own long-term exploration and accumulate experience in practice, so that the length and shape of nails can be basically finalized.
In carcassi's time, he didn't understand the advantages of playing the piano with nails, so there was no special practice of plucking the strings with nails in his textbook. Sol plays the piano with his fingers, and his good friend aguado plays the piano with his nails. This shows that finger pie and nail pie coexisted at that time. Starting from Tarrega's pursuit of timbre change, after careful study and discussion by several generations of outstanding musicians, including segovia, the conclusion is that the most scientific plucking method is neither assignment nor nail school, but modernism, where nails and fingertips touch the strings at the same time, and then pluck the strings. It refers to touching the strings with the flesh to stop the sound, and then plucking the strings with your nails. If it is used in the Japanese textbook Mizoguchi Kogoro, which is quite popular in China, the meat first touches the string, then slides on the nail and pulls the string with the nail. This inevitably produces the noise of nails touching the strings, which also affects the speed of plucking the strings and the sensitivity of pronunciation.
In order to make fingers and nails touch the strings at the same time, the most suitable angle between fingers and strings is not 90 degrees, but between 45 degrees and 60 degrees, and the palm is not parallel to the piano surface, but slightly to the left.
Put the piano on the left leg as required, lightly place the middle part of the forearm of the right hand above the upper side plate of the piano, relax the wrist, naturally droop the palm, put the thumb on the sixth string at an angle of about 30 degrees, and put the fingers I, M and A on the second string at an angle of 45-60 degrees with the string, which is the preparation state before plucking the string.
The whole string plucking process is divided into three stages: touching the string, stretching the string and releasing the string.
(1) Strike stage: First, choose an appropriate angle and position for the fingers, palms and arms of the right hand to ensure that the fingers I, M and A of the right hand can touch the strings with their nails and fingers at the same time. The position of this angle should also keep the P-finger chord at a certain angle. Usually, I, M and A fingers use the left side of the nail to slightly slide to the top of the nail to pluck the strings. The finger before touching the string just moves, and after touching the string, the string can be officially plucked, that is to say, the finger starts to move very gently, and then the string is pulled after touching the string. Especially when playing a slow melody, this feeling of twice exertion is more obvious. If the force is exerted too early, there will be a tapping sound, which will affect the second stage of string stretching. It is a common mistake for guitarists in China to make only one-off efforts.
The correct position of the force is to use the third joint of the finger (that is, the root of the finger). P means that the second joint should be used to exert force, not the wrist to help press the string. P means sliding the plucked string from the top of the nail to the left, and P means that the fingertip and the nail contact the plucked string at the same time, and the timbre is bright. You can also simply touch the strings with your fingertips, which is rich in timbre.
(2) String pulling stage: String pulling is only an instant action, although it is only a few tenths of a second, but it is a very critical action. Many guitarists and guitar teachers never know that there is an instant string stretching action when playing guitar. They just pull the strings. The expressive ability of Chinese characters created by our ancestors is extremely meticulous and subtle. With a word "hit" and a word "dial", you can tell the boot time. "Spring" means to apply a force before touching an object. "Pull" refers to exerting force after touching an object. It is difficult to connect the action of stretching the string when playing the string, but plucking the string can stretch the string smoothly.