As one of the nine major branch projects of construction projects, intelligent building has professional characteristics that are different from other branch projects. There are also differences in the focus of supervision work and the methods of handling problems. This paper briefly introduces the composition of intelligent buildings and the current implementation status of intelligent building projects in my country, analyzes the work characteristics of supervision in the implementation of intelligent building construction projects, and puts forward relevant suggestions.
With the advent of the 21st century, electronic information technology is rapidly penetrating into all areas of people’s lives. Penetration in the construction field relies on high-tech technical means to provide users with a reasonable investment and satisfactory People's growing requirements for working and living environments in terms of comfort, convenience, and safety in their living spaces fully embody the "people-oriented" principle of architecture. This is the emerging smart building. The development of intelligent buildings has put forward higher requirements for construction project supervision.
1 Introduction to smart buildings
1.1 Technical basis of smart buildings The development of smart buildings is the product of the combination of construction technology and information technology, and is gradually developed with the advancement of science and technology. And enriched, modern construction technology (Architecture), modern computer technology (Computer), modern control technology (Contro1) and modern communication technology (Communication), that is, A+3C technology is the technical foundation for the development of intelligent buildings.
1.2 Components of Intelligent Buildings Intelligent buildings refer to the organic combination of intelligent computer technology, communication technology, information technology and construction technology, through automatic monitoring of equipment, management of information resources and user care. Information services and their optimized combination with buildings result in buildings that are reasonably invested, suitable for the needs of the information society, and characterized by safety, efficiency, comfort, convenience and flexibility. It must have three major elements of intelligence: office automation (OA), communication automation (CA) and building control automation (BA). Integrated wiring is the "nerve" that connects various automation systems and enables them to fully exert their functions. "Network" is the "information highway" of intelligent buildings and the most basic component of intelligent buildings (so intelligent buildings are also referred to as "3A" buildings).
In addition, security systems, fire alarm and fire protection linkage control systems are generally set up in smart buildings.
1.3 The current status of the implementation process of smart building projects As mentioned above, an important symbol of smart buildings is intelligent integration.
Therefore, the implementation process of smart building projects is different from traditional construction projects. In traditional construction projects, after the preliminary design and construction drawing design of the design institute are completed, the project bidding, contractors carry out construction, and enter the project warranty stage. However, the intelligent part of intelligent buildings is generally provided by a company with strength and intelligent systems. Large-scale engineering companies with integrated experience are system integrators, which provide a full range of services from technology to construction design, product supply, installation and commissioning, acceptance, and turnkey delivery to owners. That is, the provision, design, construction, and warranty of intelligent products are often completed by the same system integration company.
2 Characteristics of supervision work during the implementation of smart building projects
We know that supervision is entrusted and authorized by the owner, and assists the owner to complete the tasks through its professional and standardized supervision and management. Project construction. At the same time, for owners and contractors, it carries out project construction supervision activities as an "impartial third party" in accordance with the principles of independence and autonomy. The eight-character principle of "abiding by law, integrity, fairness, and science" is the professional code of ethics for supervision engineers. Supervision engineers pass the "three controls, two managements, and one coordination" of the project (i.e., investment control, quality control, progress control and contract management, information management, organization and coordination) to achieve the goals of supervision.
In our country, since 1996, as the construction industry moves toward the market, a supervision system has been introduced for construction projects. The state also has clear regulations on projects that must be subject to supervision. It can be said that supervision of this undertaking There has been vigorous development. However, as far as the entire construction project is concerned, the actual supervision process is often limited to the construction phase of the project implementation phase.
2.1 Supervision work steps The supervision work steps in smart buildings are basically the same as traditional construction project supervision, in order: ① After accepting the entrustment to supervise the project, the supervision unit must first determine the candidate for the director and establish a project supervision organization ?
Under the specific leadership of the chief supervision engineer, a project supervision team will be formed, and according to the signed supervision contract, the supervision plan and specific implementation plan will be formulated to carry out supervision work; ② Prepare the supervision plan for the engineering project , formulate professional supervision implementation details; ③ Carry out supervision work in a standardized manner according to the supervision rules; ④ Participate in project completion acceptance and sign supervision opinions; ⑤ Provide supervision archives to the owner.
2.2 The main work content of supervision during the implementation phase of smart buildings can be seen from the current status of the implementation process of smart building projects. The content and requirements of project supervision work have their own characteristics compared with traditional construction project supervision.
(1) System design.
In smart building projects, although some powerful design institutes already have dedicated smart project designers, often due to the rapid development of information products, the designers' business cannot keep up with the launch speed of manufacturers, so there is little demand for smart building projects. Projects generally also require secondary design. Supervision engineers must not only be familiar with the performance and configuration of intelligent products from different manufacturers, but also help owners choose the best system design solution and safeguard the interests of owners.
(2) Bidding. Check the project system configuration and design scheme drawings, construction drawing design and project budget provided by the intelligent project bidders, so that the supervisor can assist the owner in organizing bidding, bid opening and bid evaluation activities, and make suggestions for the winning bidder to the owner. Since the system integrator provides a full range of services from technology to construction design, product supply, installation and commissioning, acceptance, and handover to the owner, supervision engineers are required to invest more energy in project system configuration and design solutions. Drawings, construction drawing design, project construction budget review, etc. In addition, in the bidding documents for intelligent projects, there is generally no minimum bid. Each bidder configures different systems according to the performance specifications of the products used to meet the requirements set forth in the bidding documents. Therefore, it is responsible to the owner and assists in choosing a cost-effective solution. A more reasonable project integration system is something that supervision engineers should be cautious about.
(3) Help the owner and the winning bidder sign a system integration project contract.
(4) Review the contractor's construction organization design and construction technical plan, propose modifications, and issue a start order.
(5) The specifications and quality of the equipment and materials provided by the contractor; supervise its provision of products, technology, design, and debugging in strict accordance with the requirements of the contract, until the completion and acceptance of the project, and the construction phase of the intelligent system, supervision The working method of "three controls, two managements and one coordination" is still adopted to achieve supervision goals.
(6) Acceptance of intelligent systems. The acceptance of the intelligent system is a comprehensive inspection of the design, function and construction quality of the entire intelligent system. It is based on the office automation, communication automation, building control automation and other component subsystems of the intelligent building. After successful debugging, the demonstration The corresponding linkage program is carried out after the entire system is running normally. In addition to participating in the entire process of commissioning mentioned above, the supervision engineer should also focus on reviewing the completion acceptance documents provided by the contractor, including completion report, system monitoring point setting table, system block diagram, distribution map of information points on each floor, end section label description, System test report, etc.
(7) Normally, during the warranty period after the smart building is completed and accepted, the owner will no longer entrust supervision. If the supervision contract stipulates otherwise, the supervision work during the system warranty period shall be subject to the contract.
3 Some suggestions for intelligent building supervision
First, the high-tech characteristics of intelligent buildings require supervision engineers to have advanced scientific knowledge on the basis of traditional construction engineering knowledge. Cultural knowledge, computer network and other knowledge pose new challenges to supervision engineers. At present, most of the personnel responsible for intelligent building supervision are electrical designers or construction personnel from design institutes, construction companies, etc. They are familiar with the electrical engineering of traditional buildings and even other related professional projects, but they are not involved in intelligent information technology. It is not deep, and people who have switched from electronic information technology to intelligent building supervision engineers are not familiar with construction engineering and other majors, which will also affect their connection and coordination. Therefore, the supervision market calls for senior talents who understand both traditional construction and information technology.
Second, the supervision unit should have testing instruments and equipment for information parameters. The current supervision companies are mixed in terms of personnel, technology, equipment, etc., and the quality of the supervision companies formed has certain shortcomings, such as special testing equipment. Smart buildings require high-tech testing instruments to measure intelligent system parameters.
The third is to further improve the supervision archives. Supervision archives have always been a weak link in supervision work. The "Construction Project Supervision Regulations" promulgated by the state in May 2001 clearly stipulates the type and quantity of supervision archives. Intelligent building supervision should follow the requirements in the supervision regulations. Compile and organize archival information.
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