1. Voice and vocalization
"If you ask a question about vocal music art:' How is this done?' Then we need to consider how to explain the composition and application principle of sound in vocal music art in the shortest language, because there are so many different views in this respect that people simply don't know where to start. "
" The most common opinion is that every great singer has a set of very clear methods to help him win honor. But if you ask any singer to talk about his own methods, some people will find it difficult, and some even deny that they have a special method, because the organs used in singing are very detailed and different. Most singers, or rather, all singers do something unconsciously or habitually, so unconsciously that even they can't tell how and why they did it, but these' artists' characteristics still have their logical reasons. They become the habit of a singer because they are suitable for the singer's personality, so it is these characteristics that ensure the singer's high achievement. Through practice and accumulated experience, singers gradually know where the tongue and throat are in order to pronounce a certain sound better. Singers do not know this through theory or calculation, but through repeated experiments. But this knowledge may only be useful to him; Others may sing the same beautiful voice, but in a completely different way. "
"Therefore, it is safe to say that there are as many methods as there are singers, and at the same time, any of these methods (that is, they are used correctly) may not be applicable to anyone else. If someone wants to ask me such a question, then I will answer: even if I actually have a special singing style, it may only be suitable for me. "
2. Classification of voice
"Generally speaking, many interesting and valuable things can be said about voice. In the classification of voices, I see the following situation: many young female singers are always worried about not knowing whether they are soprano, soprano or contralto. Of course, it is very easy to tell the difference between a' real' tenor and a very low bass, but it is not so simple to tell the difference between a high baritone and a dramatic tenor. Many young people feel very distressed during their study because they think they are tenors. Often sing music that is too high for them, but in fact they are baritone. (Note) "
3. Problems that should be paid attention to
" In teaching, it often happens that the range of students is greatly expanded, the voice changes dramatically, and the baritone becomes a tenor. "
"Never expand the applied range or forcibly change the natural characteristics of the voice. If the range is naturally wide, the range can be expanded up or down after the voice is properly developed, but the hard expansion will never achieve such a result. It is the easiest thing to force the sound up or down. However, what should I do if I lose the sound in the other direction accordingly? If a baritone insists on expanding his high-pitched area, then. He is bound to lose his bass gradually. If the tenor wants to squeeze out a few bass that are beyond his ability, then he will never be able to sing a normal tenor role well, and after two or three years, he will never be able to sing at all. "
4. Pronunciation
"I want to talk about an extremely important issue-vocalization. People generally understand vocalization as the position of the larynx and tongue. And the characteristics of the voice. Many singers have one of the worst shortcomings, that is, they produce guttural or too backward sounds. Even the strongest vocal organs can't stand this sound. This is why many actors leave the stage soon or are forced to settle in obscurity. If a singer can correctly use vocal methods, then he should be in his heyday at the age of forty-five, and he can keep his voice full until at least fifty years old. At this age, or older, you can be ready to end your singing career. A great artist who is still full of energy must not let the audience notice that his ability is gradually declining. "
"In order to ask for a correct and fixed vocal method, one must try to open the pharynx consciously."
"Don't think that opening your mouth wide is equivalent to opening your throat. As long as you know a little about vocal music, you can open your throat just by breathing, and you don't need to open your mouth obviously. "
"But to open the pharynx correctly, you must naturally open your mouth and put down your chin. Of course, when singing high notes, you must open your mouth wider, but generally speaking, it should keep the shape of a smile. It's good to practice opening the throat in front of the mirror often and try to see the flap, just like letting the doctor check the throat. "
"When pronouncing the A sound loudly, you should feel that the sound is formed at the back of the pharynx, but pay attention to the fact that the pharynx must be well opened before pronouncing this vowel."
5, the fulcrum of the sound
"After the sound is emitted, it must be given its due fulcrum, which requires mastering the skills of breathing. First of all, we should suck the air to the full. If the lungs are only half full of air when making a sound, the sound will soon lose its fulcrum (strength) and there will be a danger of inaccurate singing. In order to breathe fully correctly, you must hold out your chest and relax your abdominal muscles; When exhaling, the process is the opposite. The elastic muscles around the diaphragm, stomach and other important organs will become stronger through such exercises and can support breath well; They are important factors in controlling breath, and sound is determined by breath. "
"The function of diaphragm can be compared to bellows, which performs the task of bellows. The whole art of vocal music lies in being good at absorbing enough breath and using it correctly and economically. No matter how good the singer's hearing and desire are, if he can't control his breath, he can't sing correctly or make a lifeless and pitiful voice. "
"So, when a student knows what the art of breathing is, he will be on the right path to his destination."
"Breathing through the nose can improve the skills of deep breathing; It can also prevent the sucked air from being consumed too quickly. Besides, the nose can filter and warm the air, which is more beneficial than breathing through the mouth. When singing all breathing exercises, you must pay attention to this point: the lungs should release the residual gas as much as possible when exhaling, because this can promote re-inhalation and make the muscles strong. "
6. Three vocal regions
"Human voice is naturally divided into three vocal giants: chest vocal region, middle vocal region and head vocal region. The first voice area is also called falsetto area, but tenors can make a sound that is almost like falsetto, but in fact it is mezzovoce. Half a voice is legal for a male voice. Pure falsetto is not allowed (Note 3). For tenors, the most important thing is the midrange; This vocal range includes most of his voice, and if the midrange is used correctly, it can be used even in the highest vocal range. "
"When singing a treble, don't forget that the quality of the sound and the relaxation of the sound are largely determined by the singing method of the first few notes of this treble."
"Some singers, mainly tenors, like to raise their heads too high when singing tenors; This will produce a guttural sound and a pressing sound. Make the listener feel very unpleasant. In order to avoid this, we must store the gas as deep as possible so that the upper respiratory tract can relax. At the same time, you must feel the sound with your whole body, otherwise the sound will not have feelings, excitement and strength. There are many singers, although their voice conditions are good, they can overcome all kinds of technical difficulties, but they sing without emotion, and they can't get the charming voice that can make singers famous, just because their voices are not full and lack inspiration. "
7. Eliminate the shortcomings in the semi-voice singing method
"I have already talked about the semi-voice singing method, but I want to add some, because how to use the semi-voice singing method is a very important part of vocal music art. The concept of semitone singing can be roughly explained as follows: only a few natural voices are used, but there is breath support. With the right breath fulcrum, the sound will have beautiful quality. Of course, you can't force the breath too much, which will also affect the sound. "
"therefore. Half a voice is like the concentration of a full voice; Half-tone singing takes as much breath as a full voice. The sound without breath support is always weak. It can't travel far, and it can't be heard even in a short distance. On the contrary, if the lightest sound is supported by a deep breath, it can spread far, and the sound is beautiful and expressive. "
"another point is also very important. If the light tone is emitted in the singer's natural voice area, it will not cause the danger of changing the throat position and voice characteristics when it is required to sing a tone gradually stronger and weaker. If the light tone is emitted in a sound zone that is inappropriate for him, then when it is necessary to strengthen the sound, the nature and characteristics of the sound will have to be changed. "
8. Imperfect voice
"Many defects in voice should be mentioned in particular: they are' white voice',' throat voice',' nasal voice' and' sheep bleating'. Nasal sounds are the most difficult to correct, and some teachers, especially French teachers, think that all sounds should be sent to the nasal cavity in order to make them sound. In fact, only natural methods can be used to obtain a good * * * sound, and other methods will only hinder * * * sound. Breathe through the nose, of course. But don't send your voice out of your nostrils when singing. "
'(vocebianca' is the head sound without breath fulcrum, and it is a dull sound, so it is called white sound. To get rid of this shortcoming, you can practice singing with your mouth closed. At the same time, you should pay attention to inhaling through your nose and feel a deep fulcrum.
"If you don't open your throat wide enough when singing, you will produce a' throat' sound."
"As for nasal sounds, it is the most difficult to correct this shortcoming. Some people haven't changed for a lifetime. As I said, the only way to correct it is to open the pharynx and send the sound from the lower abdomen to the soft flap. If the voice still comes out of the nose, that means the voice is formed too far ahead, which is contrary to the basic law of singing. If students have the habit of nasal sounds. Let him practice only vowels (A, E, I or la, Le, li, etc.), which will help him overcome this harmful habit. But anyone who has taken the time to master the correct breathing method can certainly avoid all these shortcomings. "
' sheep bleating' is caused by forcing the voice. There are many singers whose voices are only suitable for operetta, but they often sing in grand operas. Listening to this kind of singing will not bring any pleasure to people. There is no doubt that these singers will soon ruin their voices. It is not surprising that they often have sore throats, because the vocal organs can't always be in a state of excessive tension. If anyone wants to keep a fresh voice for a long time, he can never go beyond the limit of his own voice. There is only one way to correct' sheep bleating', that is, stop singing at all, and then turn to' closed singing' when it is possible to return to your major.
9. Closed-mouth singing
"This method is often very useful to correct the shortcomings of some voices, but it may bring harm to others. Everything depends on the structure of the mouth and pharynx. For example, if someone is upset about throat compression, then he should never keep silent. For those whose voices are too open, closed singing is an excellent preparatory exercise for practicing breathing. "
"closed singing is good for the flexibility of voice. Many singers practice singing in silence every day. My personal experience can prove the benefits of this kind of exercise. The closed singing method increases the flexibility of the voice and makes the vocal cords rest. As far as I know, some voices damaged by excessive fatigue are restored to normal by this method. "
reference: Baidu.