In the area of ??Shangwang Village at Shiqiaotou in Wenling, Zhejiang, a very large lantern-making technique is inherited. Every four years, during the Lantern Festival, it is unveiled during the Lantern Festival. Listed as one of the intangible cultural heritages of Zhejiang Province, Wang's large lanterns are also called dragon and phoenix lanterns. So today's folk festival will introduce to you this folk skill passed down from generation to generation - Wang's lantern.
Wang's large lantern, also called dragon and phoenix lantern, is a craft lantern passed down from generation to generation in Wang Village, Shiqiaotou Town, Wenling City. It is also a traditional handicraft of the Han nationality in Zhejiang Province. material cultural heritage. Wang's large lanterns are mainly used for Lantern Festival lantern celebrations. As early as the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, they were famous in six counties of Taizhou for their "high quality, large size and exquisiteness".
The production of Wang's large lanterns has a long history. It is said that it began in the 20th year of Kangxi. At that time, the Wang family praised the emperor's virtues and grace and made an octagonal large lantern for people to watch on the Lantern Festival night; Later, a hexagonal headlamp was made. From then on, the Wang family had two headlamps, hexagonal and octagonal. The hexagonal headlamp represents men, with the main pattern being dragon; the octagonal headlamp represents women, with the main pattern being phoenix.
The neighboring clan, the Jiang family of Xiaojiaqiao, wanted to be friendly to their neighbors and used exquisite and unique craftsmanship to make a lotus lantern to celebrate the occasion. Every time when the lanterns are welcomed, fireworks and firecrackers are set off, and shooting stars are also played. The scene is very lively. There is a folk jingle: The head of Shangwang Bridge welcomes the big lanterns, the head of Xiaojia Bridge snows with meteors, the mustard stems are peeled off at the head of Yangjia Bridge, and the head of Xiahuang Bridge Du Niang snatched her away and nowhere to be found.
In the 16th year of Jiaqing (1811), the Wang family was afraid that future generations would forget the lanterns and allow the lanterns to be inspected, so they built an ancestral hall and erected a stele "Liangbao Inscription" in the clan's ancestral hall, which is now in the Shangwanghou Mountain Large Lantern Memorial Hall Inside, there are clear words "Sixteenth Year of Jiaqing" and "Ying Deng" on the stele to encourage people to record the relevant production information and keep it in its entirety.
Wang's lantern is divided into two pagoda-style lanterns: dragon and phoenix. It looks like a pagoda. The pagoda body has seven floors. The upper and lower eaves of each floor and the surrounding lantern walls are decorated with various colors. There are paper-cut works and paintings of figures, flowers and birds, as well as an open umbrella and a particularly exaggerated gourd-shaped temple on the top of the lamp. The height of the lamp body was initially 12-16 meters, and later developed to more than 20 meters.
The whole lantern of Wang's lantern is composed of five parts: lamp base, lamp body, edge pool, Huluo, and blue lotus. Technical requirements are high. The materials used for the lamp bones are particularly particular. We choose bamboo with a growth period of 2-3 years (the origin of this bamboo is Ningxi, Huangyan). The bamboo must be dug up by the roots, trimmed slightly, and placed indoors to dry in the shade, which takes a month. The rear can be used to build a frame, which is extremely fire-resistant.
The ramie ropes that are wrapped around and tied to the backbone of the bamboo frame of the headlights are all unknotted. The ancient method is based on: first boil the glutinous rice, put it in a container such as a moso bamboo tube, pound it into a paste, and make it It becomes glutinous rice paste, and then smeared ramie silk into bunches, and is used as a rope to wrap and paste on the place where the "carrying bamboo" is to be tied. After the glutinous rice paste dries, the rope has the function of shrinking and is very strong.
The hand-made process of Wang's large lantern is complicated. It uses an ox millstone as the foot, pressurized stones, an outer frame made of bamboo, tied with ramie, paper-cuts are pasted on the outside of the frame, and there are dragons and fighting lions inside the lamp frame. Real pieces of craftsmanship such as red phoenix and white crane. Since Wang's large lantern is huge in shape and is a handmade art, it takes 8 people to tie two lanterns in 50 days to complete the lantern frame, and 30 people to paste, paste, cut and carve them in 40 days, so it takes 40 people to make two lanterns in 90 days. Finish. Each lantern weighs more than 1,000 kilograms. During the lantern welcoming event, 24 people carried each lantern, 12 people pulled the ropes at the four corners, and several people were on standby.
Wang’s large lantern represents the masses’ Buddhist beliefs. The lantern is a pagoda-style lantern with seven layers. It is made according to the pagoda and has the function of suppressing demons, avoiding evil and ensuring safety. At the same time, it also contains the outlook on life of harmony between heaven and earth. Shangwang's large lanterns are made every four years and paraded to people from the fourteenth to the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. According to local traditional customs, after the Lantern Festival, large lanterns are burned and presented to the "Heaven" to pray for good weather in the world and peace and prosperity for the country and the people.
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