Less: a little. Slightly: gradually.
This paper describes a wonderful ventriloquism performance, shows the superb skills of a ventriloquist, and makes people deeply feel the charm of ventriloquism, a traditional folk art.
The full text can be divided into three parts.
The first part (the first paragraph) explains the time, place, facilities, props and atmosphere before the performance of ventriloquists. This part is the foreshadowing of the wonderful performance described below.
The article begins with "a ventriloquist in Beijing" and introduces the ventriloquist, which is a general introduction of this article, that is, the full text is intended to explain the "cleverness" of this ventriloquist's skills. "Banquet guests" pointed out the time and reason for ventriloquists to offer their skills: this ventriloquism performance was at a "banquet guests"; Because it is a "big feast", there is such a grand occasion. "Eight-foot barrier in the northeast corner of the hall" indicates the location and simple facilities of the performance, indicating that this is a temporary performance place with little space. According to the characteristics of this performance, it is pointed out that ventriloquists are performing behind the scenes. Simple props are listed one by one, indicating that there is only "a table, a chair, a fan and a ruler" to show nothing else. The ventriloquist's performance mainly depends on his "mouth". Finally, "Touching the ruler, the room was silent, and no one dared to wow" touched the solemn and tense atmosphere at the beginning of the performance. Apart from the word "kindness", this part does not add any praise to the ventriloquist, but creates a strong suspense for his superb skills everywhere, making readers look forward to a wonderful performance.
The second part (paragraphs 2 to 4) describes the wonderful performances of the performers and the responses of the audience. This part is the main body of the full text, describing two scenes performed by ventriloquists: one is a scene in which a family of four wakes up from sleep in the middle of the night and wakes up again; The second is the case that a fire broke out near this house.
The first floor (the second paragraph) is about a performance in which a family was awakened by a dog barking in the middle of the night, and the guests' heartfelt admiration for the ventriloquism performance.
The ventriloquism performance began with the barking of dogs from the depths of a distant alley. Then take a family of four as an imaginary "stage" to shift the audience's attention from appearance to heart. Write "The woman was startled and stretched" first, and woke up when she heard the dog barking, which opened the curtain that the family was woken up late at night. Write "His husband is talking nonsense" again, and the picture will gradually become clear. Moreover, because of "lack of extension" and "nonsense", the children panicked and cried. At this time, the curtain was wide open, and many noises appeared one after another: the husband was woken up, and the eldest son was woken up, so "the woman clapped her hands, her mouth rang loudly, the child cried, the eldest son woke up, and the husband scolded the eldest son" all appeared at once, breaking the silence in the middle of the night and making the ventriloquism performance reach its first climax.
On the second floor (the third paragraph), write and perform the situation of family members waking up and going to sleep, as well as the emotional changes of guests.
Write her husband's "voice" first, and with the clap of the woman's hands, "the beat gradually stops", giving people the feeling that time is slowly passing and the voice is getting weaker and weaker. Then, the sound of mice coming to steal food, the sound of "pot tilting" and the cough of women in the blindfold indicate that the night is getting deeper and the family is asleep again. This floor shows that the family wakes up and goes to sleep, falling from the last climax to the low tide and preparing for the next climax.
On the third floor (the fourth paragraph), write and perform a sudden fire, as well as the guests' demeanor and movements.
I began to use the voice-over technique, with "one person shouting' fire'", and suddenly accelerated the pace. Then write this sudden accident of a family of four: "When the husband shouts, the woman shouts. Two people cried together. " The atmosphere suddenly changed. Then, from the inside out, people's panic is expressed by "the cries of hundreds of people, the cries of hundreds of children and the barks of hundreds of dogs", and then the fierceness of the fire and the chaos of the fire are expressed by "the cries of hundreds of people for help, the cries of married with children, the shouts of looting and splashing water", and it is messy and vivid to say that "everything should ... not be named in one place". At this point, ventriloquism performance reached the second climax, which is the climax.
The third part (the fifth paragraph) describes the scene at the end of the performance. Thirdly, the performer's props are just "a table, a chair, a fan and a ruler". Echoing the first paragraph, it means that there are no props in the performance, and the wonderful performance just now really came from the mouth.
Read the text first, draw and experience the sentences that describe the sound in the text according to the prompts.
1. Show the process of a family of four from sleeping to waking and from waking to falling asleep in the middle of the night.
(1) From far and near, from outside to inside, from small to large, from point to near.
(2) from big to small, from dense to sparse, slightly heard the sound of jade.
2. Show the situation from fire to fire fighting.
(1) is noisy, from less to more.
(2) all work together, everything.
The purpose of the topic is to make students familiar with the main parts of the text, try to figure out the acoustic description in the text, understand the artistic conception of this ventriloquism performance, and feel the superb skills of ventriloquism. Attention should be paid to guiding students to carefully understand the scenes expressed in the sentences describing sounds in the text, adding some details reasonably, exerting students' imagination and cultivating students' sensibility.
Stomatology is a traditional folk art that uses oral pronunciation skills to imitate various sounds. According to the characteristics of ventriloquism, this paper vividly describes the acoustics performed by ventriloquists and brings readers into the specific life scenes represented by these acoustics. The description of this ventriloquism performance in this paper is not only orderly, but also wonderful, complicated and ups and downs, which vividly shows the "cleverness" of a ventriloquist's skills.
"In the distance, dogs are barking in the depths of the alley ... all the beautiful things are ready", and the writing sounds are from far and near, from outside to inside, from small to big, from separation to combination, vividly showing a family of four waking up from sleep in the middle of the night. Among them, "I heard the barking of dogs in the deep alley ... and kept talking", which wrote about the quiet atmosphere in the middle of the night and the sound of a family of four waking up one after another; "When the time is right ... all the beautiful things are ready" uses compound sentence's sentence pattern to write five kinds of voices in a hurry, just like a chorus, which makes people feel the noisy atmosphere of a family of four in the quiet night.
"The husband's voice began to ring ... the woman coughed in her dream." The voice was from big to small, from dense to sparse, and the jade sound was heard slightly, which showed that the family woke up and went to sleep. "Sound Up" describes her husband from waking to sleeping; "Beat gradually and stop gradually" describes the change of beat sound from big to small, giving people a gentle sense of sound, indicating that women and children are slowly falling asleep; The word "sniffing" means that the sound is very weak. The rattling sound of the mouse, the tilting sound of the pot and the coughing sound of the dream woman are all very slight, which sets off the quiet atmosphere in the middle of the night.
"Suddenly, a man shouted" Fire "..." One hundred dogs are barking ",and it was written loudly, from less to more;" The sound of the intermediate force falling ... can't be named in one place ",and there are hundreds of works to write sounds, everything. It vividly shows the situation of a fire near this family. First, use three words "..." and one word "... cry together", followed by three words "100,000", and then add the words "... 100,000 work together" and "100,000" to write about this fire, its spread and people's fire fighting. "Everything has everything, everything has everything", two sets of the same sentence "Although people have hundreds of hands ... they can't name a place", there are too many voices, and they always write about fire. Trying to render the tense atmosphere of the fire scene makes people feel the urgency of the fire, the fierceness of the fire and the panic of firefighters, just like being in the fire scene.
Answer the following questions according to the text.
1. Describe the audience's reaction many times. What do these descriptions do?
2. Extremely simple props, which are clear in the article twice. How does this affect the structure of the article and the performance of ventriloquists' skills?
The purpose of setting the topic is to let students know the skills of profile description. Instruct students not to talk about personal data in isolation when answering questions. For example, when writing a performance, in addition to the performers and the content of the performance, it is often natural to write the reactions of people who appreciate the performance, while the latter is described in profile. Another example is the coordination of the beginning and the end, which not only maintains the integrity of the structure, but also serves as a foil to the side, showing the "goodness" of ventriloquism.
This article describes the audience's reaction in three times:
First of all, "all the guests stretched out their necks, looked sideways and sighed silently, feeling wonderful." "craning one's neck" and "staring sideways" mean that the guests are fascinated and deeply attracted, for fear of missing something; "Smile" means that the guests are satisfied with the performance. "Silent sigh" describes the way that guests are impressed by the performer's skills, but it is not convenient to applaud. At this point, the audience has entered the scene of ventriloquism performance and can still hold on.
The second is "the guest is not feeling well, just sit down." Comparison between "sitting up straight" and "stretching your neck" and "staring sideways" "Slightly" means "gradually" and "gradually", which shows in detail the gradual process of the guests' mood from tension to relaxation. It shows that the audience's mentality changes with the content of the performance and has been integrated into the situation of ventriloquism performance, which is difficult to control.
Third, "all the guests changed their colors and left, bravely armed, and wanted to go first after two wars." Writing about the panic-stricken manner and movements of the guests shows that the ventriloquism performance has reached a wonderful state, which makes the audience feel like they are in a sea of fire and can't help but enter the life scene created by ventriloquism performance without any self-control.
These three descriptions vividly and delicately depict the psychological changes of the audience, showing the great attraction of this wonderful performance to the audience, thus setting off the superb skills of ventriloquists.
Third, explain the words added in the following sentences.
Braille in these sentences can be roughly divided into two categories: one is different in ancient and modern meanings, such as "Jiang", "Dan", "Wen", "Shao", "Although" and "Qu"; The other is that there are different usages in ancient and modern times, such as "feast", "milk", "woo" and "name", which are all verbs in the text and are now nouns. Students should be reminded of these easily misunderstood words.
1. Guest banquet ...
Will: Just right, just right. Banquet: Hold a banquet.
But when you smell the barrier, the room is silent, and no one dares to wow.
But: only. Smell: I heard it.
3. The woman caresses the baby to eat milk, and the baby cries with milk.
Breastfeeding: To purr.
The guest is not feeling well, just sitting.
Less: a little. Slightly: gradually.
People have hundreds of mouths and hundreds of tongues, so you can't name a place.
Name: say it.
6. So all the guests changed their colors and left the room, bravely pulled out their sleeves, fought two wars and wanted to go first.
Femur: leg. Go: Run.
4. Identify the following words indicating time and fill them in the lines respectively. Then take these words as clues and recite the full text.
There are many words expressing time in classical Chinese, which should be sorted out within a certain period of time, so as to effectively master their usage and gain a solid memory. This question is actually a way to arrange for students, and other ways can be used.
In order to explain the sequence of sounds, this paper uses some words to express time, which is both accurate and changeable. For example, "later" is used between the audience seat and the performance, which means that the time is not long, and it also means waiting for a while; "As soon as possible" means a short time after receiving the last sound; "When" means at that time; "Once" refers to the same time; "Sudden" and "sudden" both indicate the time when the accident happened suddenly. The diversity of words shows that the author is good at choosing the most appropriate words to express the content accurately according to the characteristics of the things reflected and the needs of the article.
After a while, it was a moment, and then suddenly.
1. means suddenly: suddenly.
At the same time: once.
It means one thing after another: right away.
It happened in a certain time: it was timely.
It happened in a short time: after a while.
First of all, about the scene description of this article.
The article "Kouji" is very vivid, vivid and delicate in scene description, especially in the description of lively scenes.
First of all, if you want to write a good scene, especially a lively scene, you must first have a comprehensive bird's eye view.
The first part (the first paragraph) of the article Stomatology is about the preparation before the performance and the situation of the whole audience. There is a bird's-eye view of the scene at the beginning of this passage. At the beginning of the article, there is a sentence "There are people who are good at ventriloquism in Beijing". When I put pen to paper, I always write a note, pointing out the place ("Beijing") and people ("people who are good at ventriloquism"). Then point out the occasion of the performance of "Grand Banquet Guests". The author wrote a little here, without laying out the details, but on the whole, he wrote the overall atmosphere and scene of the audience. The author vividly showed us a vivid picture of life.
Secondly, in addition to a comprehensive bird's eye description, the author also took a typical close-up.
For example, the scene of "building an eight-foot barrier in the northeast corner of the hall" after the description of "Banquet Guests" ... no one dares to wow "was written. So far, the author has adopted the method of meticulous painting, combining typical occasions ("an eight-foot barrier is erected in the northeast corner of the hall"), characters ("ventriloquists sit in the barrier" and "guests sit in groups"), props ("a table, a chair, a fan and a ruler") and performance effects ("nothing later ..."
In short, the overall atmosphere is written with a bird's eye view of the whole audience; The close-up shows the characters, props and ventriloquism effects concretely and truly. In scene description, bird's-eye view and close-up are often combined and used alternately. It can't give up this and that, and it can't give up that.
Furthermore, the description of scenes, especially lively scenes, in the article Kouji is not only orderly and rigorous, but also complex and changeable.
For example, the second part (the second, third and fourth paragraphs) is about the wonderful performance of the performers and the reaction of the audience. This passage is written in an orderly and rigorous way, such as:
The order of performance: write the situation before the performance first; Write about performers' performances; Don't write at the end of the performance, the performer's props are reproduced.
The process of performance: a beginning, a development, a climax and an end.
Description of the scene: ① the site where the barrier is set; (2) There is a scene of a family of four moving indoors during the performance, and there is a noisy scene when the fire is put out; ③ The reappearance of the scene after the performance.
The description of ventriloquism itself: as far as voice is concerned, it is from far and near, from outside to inside, from things and people, from small to big, from little to many, from faint and noisy, from slow and urgent, from simple and complicated, from one family to neighbors. All the voices came out together, one after another, until all the voices came. When it was inexplicable, it was really overwhelming and amazing!
Write the audience's reaction: after the beginning of "Fu Chi", it was a quiet field, "the whole field was silent, and no one dared to wow"; In the performance, when writing about the activities of a family of four, it begins with "All the guests are full of necks, ……", followed by the words "The guests are uncomfortable and just sit down". In the scene of fire fighting, it is written that "All the guests change color and leave, and …… want to be first"; After the final performance, "off-screen viewing" is still a simple prop.
As you can imagine, the guests were amazed.
Author's praise: From "all good things are ready" to "everything that should be … can't be named in one place". After writing its exquisite performance and the audience's reaction, the author's praise is added to enhance the artistic effect of the work.
All the above are written at the beginning and the end, with clear eyes, orderly levels and strict order. At the same time, according to the needs of performing ventriloquism, the author describes a well-written, rigorous and orderly scene in a complicated and changeable way from the audience's point of view, according to the sequence of performances, interspersed with other aspects, taking into account alternately, and integrating casting and weaving. Such as the second part:
The second paragraph wrote the voice of a family of four, which is "all at once" and "all good things are ready", forming the first climax of the article. However, with a change of pen, the author turned his attention to the audience and led to the words of "craning his neck, staring sideways, smiling and sighing silently", which vividly portrayed the audience who were absorbed, amazed and intoxicated.
In the third paragraph, the family went back to sleep, and it was quiet. There were mice, the noise of turning over pots and the cough in dreams, but they were moved and quiet, which set off the characteristics of quiet night. This is the aftermath of the previous climax, falling together and adding waves.
In the fourth paragraph, when writing a fierce fire fighting scene, the article suddenly rose, like a riot, breaking the quiet state, leading from the bedroom to the fire, organically linking the two scenes, forming the climax of the article. Describe a complex, ever-changing, thousand words, long-awaited, close call, dangerous, changeable and real scene vividly and vividly!
The complexity and ups and downs of this writing make the article full of waves and swaying.
Also, we should not only describe the life picture centered on the activities of characters, but also reflect the colorful struggle life. The former describes the life picture centered on the activities of a family of four in the bedroom; The latter, in turn, reflects the fighting life at the fire-fighting site, thus showing complex and changeable stories and depicting the voices, voices and modality of many characters.
As for the end of the article, it echoes the beginning, ups and downs. After the performance, the scene reappeared, and the words came to an abrupt end, crisp and powerful. The reproduction of props emphasizes the simplicity of its performance tools, highlights its "mouth" skills and points out the significance of the topic. This vivid description, when you read it, sounds like it's almost the same. Why not let people be fascinated by it and cheer for it!
In short, the description of the scene should be selective and have a clear purpose. In literary and artistic works, scene description is used to express the typical environment of characters' activities, contrast the characters, render the atmosphere, promote the plot development and deepen the theme. The scene description in the article "Kouji" has played such a role.
(Li Zhiyong's "Scene Description of Stomatology", text analysis set, the first volume of junior high school, Guangdong Education Press, 1990 edition)
Second, about the structure and language of this article.
Stomatology is a good text, because one is simple and the other is storytelling ... The article also has many advantages in writing ... I will talk about my personal views on two advantages.
First of all, structurally, I want to divide it into four parts. (1) Keep orderly records. The full text is written in chronological order, from the application of obstacles to the elimination of obstacles, so that readers have the feeling of personal experience. Chronological narration is not a feature, but it is worthy of attention for beginners, because if it is handled well, for example, if it is arranged properly, it will be easy to be organized and follow suit. (2) There are waves in writing. Chronology, arranged in chronological order, cannot be as uniform as a pendulum. If you don't change, you will be lifeless and sleepy. One of the ways to preserve is that the content is important and urgent, that is, there are waves.
The central part of the full text is to write "goodness" on the front. It vividly describes three scenes composed of complex and changeable sounds carefully simulated by ventriloquists, making readers feel as if they were there, as if they heard their own voices.
In the dead of night, the noisy scene after the family woke up. "I heard a dog barking in a deep alley." The performance begins with simulating the barking of dogs coming from a "deep alley" in the distance, and accurately shows the faintly audible sound echoing in the distance at night with the word "far smell", which immediately brings people into the quiet realm of the dead of night. In the middle of the night, "dog barking" woke the woman up, wrote down the word "poop" and turned to detail the chain reaction sound from a nearby four-bedroom The noise of women yawning and stretching, the husband's "nonsense", the younger son's crying, breastfeeding, the eldest son's "talking" and "the husband scolds the eldest son" At this point, the article came to an overview: "All of a sudden." Describe the noisy voice in the article, causing waves. At the same time, on the basis of narration, the following comment "Everything is ready" reflects the unspeakable beauty of the performance. Write the audience's impressions with a "wonderful" pole. Everyone was so lost in thought: "stretch your neck, look sideways, smile and sigh silently, thinking it is wonderful." The excited expression of the audience jumped from the paper. Although this vivid pen describes the audience, it is intended to compare and praise the artist's skill "goodness".
A noisy and quiet scene. After a noise, four people fell asleep at once. Therefore, the silence here is not silence, but what happens indoors when sleeping. "The voice of the husband rises", pointing out that the noise will return to sleep, that is, from dynamic to static. In particular, the overlapping use of the word "gradually" shows the process of "clapping" from big to small, from there to nothing, and even sets off a quiet realm. It is conceivable that the bedroom is quiet at this time. When people are still deep, it is often an opportunity for mice to move freely, steal food, knock on the "pot" and make a subtle sound of "making a rope". Those who "smell" the clouds can best reflect the feeling of peace, or see the moving environment in silence. The sound of a woman coughing in a dream after a deep sleep further strengthens the sleeping atmosphere, but it is also very quiet during exercise. The performance here is mainly to highlight the "quiet" scene, so it gives people a sense of light and slow voice, and the rhythm of the text seems to be more soothing than the first two paragraphs. The guest was not feeling well, just sitting a little. The mood of the audience always changes with the ups and downs of the performance, which once again shows the charming artistic effect and artistic appeal of ventriloquism. The writing of this scene, like the performance, is not only the aftermath of the last noisy period, but also the prelude to the next climax.
Fire fighting and fighting in the middle of the night. "Suddenly, a big man shouted' Fire Up'", and his voice suddenly broke out, and the strange peak suddenly broke out, just like the thunder on the ground, and the situation was urgent. The family was noisy and coquettish, and the couple "shouted" and "both of them cried". The four people suddenly felt that disaster had fallen from the sky and they were caught in an emergency. Then, five words "100,000" are used to highlight the voices of people and things that spread from the bedroom to the nearby fire site: loud voices, cries, dog barks, falls, hot voices, reports from the wind, anxious mixed voices, cries for help, promises, rushing, splashing water and mixed cries. The situation is getting more and more critical. Here, the overlapping use of five "hundreds of thousands" not only does not make people feel the repetition of words, but also greatly enhances the atmosphere, which is not enough to show such fierce firepower and emergency. Five "hundreds of thousands" interweave into ten different voices, and panic and noise suddenly emerge. Then, the phrase "everything has everything" is used to explain that there is no sound that does not appear in the fire alarm, which is used to summarize the sounds that cannot be described one by one. At the same time, use the word "hundred" to form two antitheses. In this exaggerated way, the complexity of the voice is described extremely, and the ventriloquist's skill is praised. Then, with a stroke of a pen, he wrote the audience's extremely excited reaction: "Without exception, they all changed their colors and left the room, bravely sleeved out. There were two wars, and they almost left first." The audience's expression, movements, emotions and psychology are vividly described, as if there was a fire in front of them. This thrilling scene makes readers feel that ventriloquism performance has really reached the charming point of both form and spirit, and they can't help but marvel.
The description of the three scenes is to describe the plot content of the performance first, and then write the emotional changes of the audience, in which the author's short praise is inserted. This combination of front description and side description is a remarkable feature of the article in artistic expression. The whole ventriloquism performance is from simple to complex, from relaxation to tension. The three scenes, like three movements, have different "musical" tastes and form a perfect artistic whole. The article is described in performance order. The first scene describes four people and four voices in chorus, forming the first wave; The second scene mainly plays a transitional role, connecting the preceding with the following, in which sound and emotion lurk; The last scene of fire and fire is the peak of the whole performance and the climax of the plot development. Distorted with the sound, the times are distinct.
The end writes the end of the performance, echoing the beginning of the article. If the description of the performance scene at the beginning is to "shine", then the repetition here is to "confirm". The care before and after the article effectively shows the "cleverness" of ventriloquists' skills. The plot of the full text is full of twists and turns, beginning, development, climax, ending and orderly euphemism. The structure can be opened and closed freely, with distinct ups and downs, complete and rigorous. Writing is good at shaping with sound, coloring with things, concise and delicate language, vivid and vivid, forming a natural, fresh and touching style.
(Chen Dingru's "The Artistic Features of Mouth Skills", a collection of text analysis, the first volume of junior high school, Guangdong Education Press, 1990 edition)