The original text of the eighth-grade Chinese textbook "Mr. Fujino" edited by the Ministry of Education

"Mr. Fujino" is a retrospective essay written by the modern writer Lu Xun in 1926 when he was at Xiamen University. In the article, the author recalled his study abroad life at Tohoku University in Japan and expressed his deep nostalgia. Below is the original text of the eighth-grade Chinese language course "Mr. Fujino" that I compiled for you. It is for reference only. You are welcome to read it.

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Tokyo is nothing more than this. When the cherry blossoms in Ueno are in full bloom, they do look like light crimson clouds, but there are also groups of "Qing students studying abroad" crash courses under the flowers, with big braids on their heads that are as high as the tops of student hats. Rising high, forming a Mount Fuji. There are also those whose braids are untied and tied flatly, and their hats are removed to reveal a shiny look, just like a little girl's bun, and they have to twist their necks a few times. It's really beautiful.

There are a few books to buy in the concierge of the Chinese International Students Association, and sometimes it is worth a visit; if it is in the morning, you can still sit in some of the bungalows inside. But in the evening, the floor of one room will often make a loud banging sound, and the room will be filled with smoke and dust. Ask someone who is well versed in current affairs, and they will answer, "That's learning to dance."

How about going somewhere else?

I will go to the Medical College in Sendai. Departing from Tokyo, I arrived at a post station soon and wrote: Nippori. Somehow I still remember the title. Secondly, I only remember Mito, which is the place where Mr. Zhu Shunshui, a survivor of the Ming Dynasty, died. Sendai is a town, not big; it gets extremely cold in winter; there are no Chinese students yet.

Probably because things are more valuable than hope. When cabbage from Beijing is shipped to Zhejiang, the root is tied with a red-tipped rope and hung upside down in front of a fruit shop, where it is revered as "glue cabbage"; aloe vera that grows wild in Fujian is brought into the greenhouse as soon as it arrives in Beijing, and is euphemistically called "agave" ". I also received such preferential treatment when I arrived in Sendai. Not only did the school not charge tuition, but several staff members also took care of my room and board. I first stayed in an inn next to the prison. It was already quite cold in early winter, but there were still a lot of mosquitoes. Later, I covered my whole body with a quilt and wrapped my head and face with clothes, leaving only two nostrils for breathing. In this place where breathing is endless, mosquitoes have no way to interrupt, and they sleep peacefully. The food isn't bad either. But a gentleman thought that this inn also provided meals for prisoners and it was not suitable for me to live there. He said this again and again. Although I felt that it was irrelevant to me that the inn also provided meals for the prisoners, but it was hard to resist such good intentions, so I had no choice but to find a suitable place to stay. So I moved to another house, which was far away from the prison. Unfortunately, I had to drink taro stem soup every day that was hard to swallow.

From then on, I saw many strange teachers and heard many new lectures. Anatomy is divided between two professors. Originally osteology. At that time, a dark and thin gentleman with a mustache and glasses came in, holding a stack of large and small books. As soon as he placed the book on the podium, he introduced himself to the students in a slow and frustrated tone:

"My name is Fujino Genkuro..."

A few people in the back started laughing. He then talked about the history of the development of anatomy in Japan. Those large and small books were about this subject from the beginning to the present. At first, a few books were thread-bound; there were also Chinese translations. Their translation and research on new medicine were no earlier than China's.

The person sitting in the back laughing was a repeater who failed last school year. He had been in school for a year and was quite familiar with the story. They then lectured the freshmen on the history of each professor. It is said that Mr. Fujino was so immodest in his clothes that he sometimes forgot his tie. He wore an old coat in the winter and was shivering. Once when he got on the train, the person in charge of the train suspected that he was a pickpocket and called the train. Guests, please be careful.

What they said is probably true. I personally saw him once giving a lecture without a tie.

A week later, around Saturday, he sent his assistant to call me. When I arrived at the research room, I saw him sitting among human bones and many individual skulls - he was studying the skulls, and later published a paper in the school's magazine.

"Can you copy my lecture notes?" he asked.

"You can copy a little."

"Bring it to me!"

I handed over the handout I copied, and he accepted it. He returned it to me in three days and said that from then on, I would give it to him once a week. When I took it down and opened it, I was surprised, but also felt uneasy and grateful. It turns out that my lecture notes have been revised with red pen from beginning to end. Not only have many omissions been added, but even the grammatical errors have been corrected one by one. This continued until he finished teaching the subjects he was responsible for: osteology, vascular science, and neurology.

It’s a pity that I didn’t study hard at that time and was sometimes very willful. I still remember one time when Mr. Fujino called me into his laboratory, pulled out a picture from my lecture notes, which showed the blood vessels of the lower arm, pointed at it, and said kindly to me:

"Look, you moved this blood vessel a little bit. - Naturally, it does look better with this move. However, anatomical diagrams are not art. The real thing is like that, and we can't change it. Now I give Once you have changed it, you will have to follow the drawing on the blackboard from now on.

"

But I was still not convinced. I agreed verbally, but thought in my heart:

"I drew the picture well; as for the actual situation, I naturally remember it in my heart. ”

After the school year test, I went to Tokyo for a summer, and returned to school in early autumn. The results had already been announced. Among more than 100 classmates, I was in the middle, but I didn’t fail. The assignment Mr. Fujino was responsible for this time was anatomy practice and regional anatomy.

After about a week of anatomy practice, he asked me to go again. He was very happy and still used a very restrained tone. He said to me:

"I heard that Chinese people respect ghosts very much, so I am very worried that you will not dissect the corpse. Now I am finally relieved that this is not the case. ”

But he also occasionally made me difficult. He heard that Chinese women have their feet bound, but he didn’t know the details, so he wanted to ask me how to bind the feet and what kind of deformity the foot bones would become. , and sighed, “You have to take a look to find out. What's going on?"

One day, the student union officials at my level came to my apartment and asked to borrow my handouts. I took them out and gave them to them, but they only looked through them once. , but as soon as they left, the postman delivered a thick letter. When I opened it, the first sentence was:

"Repent!"

This is a sentence from the New Testament, but it was recently quoted by Tolstoy. At the time of the Russo-Japanese War, Mr. Tolstoy wrote a letter to the emperors of Russia and Japan. The first sentence was this one. The Japanese newspapers criticized him for being disrespectful, and the patriotic youth were also angry. However, secretly they were already influenced by him. The second sentence was roughly about the topic of the anatomy test last year, and it was Mr. Fujino. I marked it on the handout, so I got this result.

I just recalled something that happened a few days ago because I had to hold a peer meeting. The clerk then wrote an advertisement on the blackboard. The last sentence was "Please come all in and don't miss anything." He also added a circle next to the word "missing". Although I thought the circle was ridiculous at the time, I didn't mind it at all this time. Then I realized that the word was also mocking me, as if I had the problem that the teacher had leaked.

I told Mr. Fujino about this; several classmates who were familiar with me were also very unhappy. We went together to confront the clerk about the rude excuse for the inspection, and asked them to publish the results of the inspection. Finally, the rumor was eliminated, but the clerk tried his best to withdraw the anonymous letter. In the end, I gave up the excuse. The Stalin-style letter was returned to them.

China is a weak country, so the Chinese are of course low-scoring. If the score is above 60, it is not their own ability: no wonder they are confused. . But then I had to visit the fate of the Chinese people. In the second year, Tian taught mold science. The shapes of bacteria were all shown in movies. After a paragraph was finished, a few movies of current events were made before the get out of class was over. The movie is of course about Japan's victory over Russia, but there are Chinese people in it: working as a detective for the Russians, being captured by the Japanese army, and about to be shot, and there are also a group of Chinese people watching around; there are also people in the lecture hall. Me.

"Long live!" They all clapped their hands and cheered.

This kind of cheering is common in every film, but this one is particularly noticeable to me. Harsh. After returning to China, I saw people watching the execution of prisoners, and they cheered like drunkenness - Wow, it's unimaginable! But at that time and that place, my opinion changed.

At the end of the second academic year, I went to find Mr. Fujino and told him that I would not study medicine and leave Sendai. His face seemed a little sad, and he seemed to want to speak, but he didn't.

“I want to study biology, and the knowledge my husband taught me is still useful. "Actually, I didn't decide to study biology, because I saw him a little sad, so I told a lie to comfort him.

"Anatomy taught for medicine is not as good as biology. Not much help. "He sighed.

A few days before he left, he asked me to go to his home and gave me a photo. There were two words written on the back: "Farewell" and he also said that he hoped to see you again. I also sent mine to him. But I didn't take any photos at this time; he asked me to take photos and send them to him in the future, and kept him informed of the situation after that.

I haven't seen him for many years since I left Sendai. After taking pictures, and because the situation was boring, talking about it just made him feel disappointed, and he was afraid to even write a letter. As the years passed, he couldn't even talk about it, so although he sometimes wanted to write a letter, he found it difficult to write. Until now, I haven't sent a letter or a photo. From his side, it seems that there has been no news since he left.

But somehow, I still remember it. Thinking of him, among the teachers I consider him to be, he is the one who makes me most grateful and encourages me. Sometimes I often think: his enthusiastic hope for me and tireless teachings, in short, It is for China, that is, I hope that China will have new medicine; generally speaking, it is for academics, that is, I hope that new medicine will be spread to China. His character is great in my eyes and heart, although his name is. Not many people know about it.

I have bound the lecture notes he corrected into three thick volumes and kept them as a permanent souvenir.

Unfortunately, when I moved house seven years ago, a box of books was destroyed and half the box of books was lost. It happened that these lecture notes were also lost. I asked the transportation bureau to look for it, but got no reply. Only his photograph is still hanging on the east wall of my Beijing residence, opposite my desk. Whenever I feel tired at night and want to be lazy, I look up and catch a glimpse of his dark and thin face in the lamplight, as if he is about to speak in measured tones. This makes me suddenly realize my conscience and gain courage, so I light a cigarette and start again. Continue to write words that are deeply abhorred by "gentlemen" and their ilk.

October 12th.

Appreciation of works

Theme

By remembering Mr. Fujino, the author praises Mr. Fujino’s great character without national prejudice and his integrity, enthusiasm and noble qualities. Looking back It describes the process of exploring the path to save the country and changing thoughts during his studies in Japan: For the future and destiny of the motherland, he resolutely gave up studying medicine with his most beloved teacher in his life, Mr. Fujino, and abandoned the reformist path of scientifically saving the nation. Engage in literary and artistic movements to awaken the people to revolution; thereby motivating themselves to never forget the original intention of the revolution and to be determined to fight to the end against feudal and imperialist forces.

At the beginning of the article, I wrote about the reason why I witnessed the drunken life and death of "Qing students" in Tokyo, which inspired me to "go and see other places." Then he wrote about going to Sendai Medical College, which is the main body of this article. It focuses on Mr. Fujino's care for himself, his deep friendship with education, and the reasons for his change of mind when he gave up studying medicine. Before writing about Mr. Fujino, this part describes what he saw on the way from Tokyo to Sendai and the preferential treatment he received at Sendai Medical College. Finally, "from leaving Sendai" to the end, Lu Xun's deep memory for Mr. Fujino and Mr. Fujino's encouragement and encouragement to Lu Xun are written. After Lu Xun returned to China, the reason why he did not correspond or send photos to Mr. Fujino was "because the situation was boring, and it would only disappoint him, and he was afraid to even write letters." This reveals the author's feelings about China after the Revolution of 1911. It is the disappointment and dissatisfaction with the current situation of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and thus feels unable to repay Mr. Fujino’s concern and expectations for the Chinese people. The implicit style further strengthens the depth of the article’s thoughts. Then I wrote about my admiration and memory for Mr. Fujino: I "always remember him. Among all the teachers I consider, he is the one who makes me most grateful and encourages me." After his evaluation of Mr. Fujino, Mr. Lu Xun further revealed Mr. Fujino's ideological realm: "His enthusiastic hope for me and tireless teachings", "It is for China", "I hope China will have new medicine"; "It's for academic purposes" and "I hope new medicine will be spread to China." Precisely because Mr. Fujino's concern for Lu Xun was his concern for the Chinese people, Lu Xun praised with deep respect that "his character is great in my eyes and heart."

Artistic Features

Comparative Techniques

For example, the author is full of patriotic passion and seeks a way to save the country, while the "Qing students" live a life of eating well, walking in the park during the day, The contrast between the meaningless life of dancing at night is stark. Another example is that the "Qing students studying abroad" are Chinese and are indifferent to the future of their motherland, while Mr. Fujino is Japanese but is eager to spread new medicine to China; the two also form a sharp contrast, and there are also students represented by student union officials. The Japanese "patriotic youth" are arrogant and bully others, while Mr. Fujino has no national prejudice, enthusiastically teaches and cares for students from weak countries, forming a sharp contrast. In addition, the author left his hometown, studied hard, and sought a way to save the country. The officials of Japan's Sendai Medical Student Union spread rumors and caused trouble, damaging the country's honor, which also formed a strong contrast. The use of these and other contrasting techniques effectively set off Mr. Fujino's great character and The author's high degree of patriotism enriches and deepens the theme.

Line drawing technique

In describing the characters, the author uses line drawing technique. For example, when writing about Mr. Fujino, whether he was writing about his slow and frustrated self-introduction, his patient and meticulous correction of Lu Xun's lecture notes and anatomy diagrams, his joy at seeing Lu Xun's successful anatomy internship, and Lu Xun's reluctance when he was about to leave Sendai. The feelings of farewell are just a few concise strokes, without embellishment or exaggeration, but they are written vividly and show the distinctive personality of the characters.