Contents 1 Pinyin 2 English reference 3 Overview 4 Causes and pathogenesis of small pupils 5 Symptoms of small pupils 6 Treatment of small pupils 6.1 Syndrome differentiation treatment 6.1.1 Tight pupils·Liver meridian wind and heat Syndrome 6.1.1.1 Symptoms 6.1.1.2 Syndrome analysis 6.1.1.3 Treatment 6.1.1.4 Prescription and drug treatment 6.1.2 Tight pupils and liver and gallbladder excess heat syndrome 6.1.2.1 Symptoms 6.1.2.2 Syndrome analysis 6.1.2.3 Treatment 6.1. 2.4 Treatment with prescriptions and medicines 6.1.3 Tight pupils and small pupils·Rheumatism and heat syndrome 6.1.3.1 Symptoms 6.1.3.2 Syndrome analysis 6.1.3.3 Treatment methods 6.1.3.4 Treatment with medicines 6.1.4 Tight pupils and small pupils·Yin deficiency and excessive fire syndrome 6.1.4.1 Symptoms 6.1.4.2 Syndrome analysis 6.1.4.3 Treatment 6.1.4.4 Prescriptions 6.1.5 Precautions 6.2 External treatment 6.2.1 Topical use of mydriasis 6.2.2 Drops of heat-clearing and detoxifying eye drops 6.2.3 Local hot compress 6.3 Acupuncture treatment 6.3.1 Body acupuncture 6.3.2 Ear acupuncture 6.4 Other therapies 7 References attached: 1 Acupoints for the treatment of small pupils 2 Prescriptions for the treatment of small pupils 3 Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of small pupils 4 Drugs related to small pupils 1 Pinyin
tóng shén xì xiǎo 2 English reference
papillary seclusion [TCM Terminology Approval Committee. Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology (2004)]
contracted pupil [TCM Terminology Approval Committee . Traditional Chinese Medicine Terms (2013)]
iridocyclitis [Traditional Chinese Medicine Terms Approval Committee. Traditional Chinese Medicine Terms (2013)]
3 Overview
The pupils are small. Symptom name[1]. Jian Qing·Yan Xiaoyuan's "Ophthalmology Appointments". That is, the pupils shrink [1].
Contracted pupil (iridocyclitis) is the name of the disease [1]. See "Principles of Syndrome and Treatment: Miscellaneous Diseases". Also known as narrowed pupils (see "Inspection of Yao Han"), locked pupils (from "Silver Sea Essence"), small pupils (see Qing Dynasty Yan Xiaoyuan's "Ophthalmology Appointment"), small pupils [1], Pupil constriction[1]. It refers to an eye disease characterized by continuous narrowing of the pupil, inability to expand and contract, and is often accompanied by redness, unclear eyesight, and eye pain [2]. In even worse cases, yellow fluid may rush up or blood may fill the pupils [1]. If the pupil loses its perfect circle, the edges are uneven, and the yellow kernel is dry and dull, it is said that the pupil is dry [3]. The earliest ancient documents only have records of dry pupils in the "Secret Ophthalmology Longmu Lun". It was not until the "Guidelines for Syndrome and Treatment·Seven Tips" that the disease characteristics of small pupils were named and a more comprehensive discussion was made. [3]. Although there are differences in the pupil symptoms between the two, they are both Huangren lesions, and pupil dryness is caused by untreated pupil tightness [3]. Its etiology is complex, changes frequently, and is prone to recurring attacks [3]. If treated improperly, other diseases are often complicated and lead to blindness [3].
Tight and small pupils are similar to iridocyclitis in Western medicine [1][3]. 4 The etiology and pathogenesis of small pupils
Small pupils can be caused by excessive liver and gallbladder fire, rheumatic heat evil, liver and kidney yin deficiency leading to inflammation of the deficiency fire, etc. [1]. It can also be caused by trauma and certain white eye and black eye diseases [1].
1. Liver meridian wind-heat or liver and gallbladder fire evil attack the eyes.
2. Exogenous rheumatism, long-term stagnation turns into heat; or the body's yang is strong and internal heat evil is present, and rheumatism is recombined.
3. Stress injures the liver and kidneys or long-term illness injures yin, causing inflammation due to deficiency of fire.
All of the above factors can cause evil heat to burn the yellow kernel, causing the yellow kernel to expand without shrinking, and the pupils to become tight and small.
In addition, internal invasion of evil poisons, such as fire phlegm, white sunken flower nebula, clotted fat nebula, mixed eye obstruction, crab eye syndrome, damaged true eyes, etc., often cause tight pupils. 5 Symptoms of small pupils
"The pupils gradually shrink like hairpins, or even like needles" ("Yizong Jinjian·Essentials of Ophthalmology"), failure of expansion and contraction, and pain in the head. Hot and shy tears, decreased vision, red arms, turbid divine water, white dots may adhere to the lower part of the inner wall of the black eye, blurred yellow kernel texture, or even yellow fluid rushing up or blood filling the pupil [1]. If it is not treated, Huangren and Polygonatum japonica will adhere to each other, resulting in pupil deficiency [1].
The main manifestations of small pupils are continuous narrowing of pupils, inability to expand and contract, and are often accompanied by redness in the arms, unclear eyesight, and eye pain [2].
Small pupils cause the pupils to lose their normal expansion and contraction function and continue to shrink, accompanied by eye pain and photophobia, red cell chakras, black dot-like deposits on the back wall of the eyes, turbid water, and decreased vision. is the main performance [4].
Small pupils can be divided into acute and chronic conditions [3]:
1. In acute cases, symptoms include shyness and tears at the onset, pain in the eyeballs that refuse to be pressed, pain at the brow bone, or pain connecting to the forehead and forehead, blurred vision, or feeling like there are mosquitoes and flies flying in front of the eyes.
Examining the eyes, it can be seen that the eyes are red, the yellow kernel is dark, the texture is blurred, the pupil is shrunken, and the expansion and contraction failure. The pupil edge of Huang Ren is easy to stick to the crystal beads behind it (Picture 1), resulting in the pupil being missing and not round (Picture 2).
Figure 1 Side view of the pupillary trunk deficiency
Figure 2 Front view of the pupillary trunk deficiency
If examined by collective light examination or slit lamp microscopy, black There are white dust-like or dot-like objects attached to the inner wall of the eye (Figure 3), and the water becomes muddy. In severe cases, yellow liquid may appear.
Figure 3 Black deposits on the inner wall of the eye
2. In chronic cases, there are more black flowers drifting in front of the eyes, and other eye symptoms are basically similar to the former, but the severity of the disease is milder. Vitreous opacity can be seen under ophthalmoscopy. This disease develops slowly and is prone to relapse, often causing pupil xerocytosis. If the edge of the pupil is completely adhered to the crystal bead, the pupil will be atretic; if a gray-white membrane barrier forms on the surface of the crystal bead behind the pupil, the pupil can be closed (Figure 54). Both can block the flow of divine water from behind the pupil to the front, causing the divine water to accumulate inside, compressing the yellow kernel, causing it to bulge forward, causing the eyeball to swell and harden, resulting in green wind cataracts. Due to changes in the divine water, the crystal beads may become increasingly turbid, resulting in blindness.
Figure 4 Side view of pupillary membrane closure
In addition, if the condition is severe or prolonged, it may lead to depletion of divine water, soft eyeballs and blindness [3]. 6 Treatment of small pupils 6.1 Syndrome differentiation treatment
At the beginning of this disease, it is common to have syndromes of excess and excess syndrome [3]. The symptoms are mostly caused by exogenous wind, dampness, heat evil or internal liver and gallbladder stagnation and heat, and the onset is relatively acute. Syndrome of mixed deficiency and excess is often caused by liver and kidney yin deficiency and excessive fire, or it may be caused by long-term illness that damages yin and eliminates pathogenic heat, and the course of the disease is often more lingering [3]. When presenting a syndrome, syndrome differentiation should be carried out based on systemic symptoms [3]. For internal treatment, the methods of dispelling wind, dehumidifying, clearing away heat, detoxifying, cooling blood, and dispersing blood stasis are commonly used. In cases of mixed deficiency and excess, and yin deficiency and fire exuberance, nourishing yin and reducing fire are used [3]. As for those in the later stages of the disease, although the evil qi has subsided, the liver and kidneys are deficient, and the eyes are dark and unclear, it is also appropriate to nourish the liver and kidneys to facilitate the orifices and improve eyesight [3]. When starting internal treatment of this disease, attention must be paid to local medication and timely pupil dilation to prevent pupillary deficiency [3]. 6.1.1 The syndrome of wind-heat in liver meridian with tight pupils and small pupils
The syndrome of wind-heat in liver meridian with tight pupils and small pupils (contracted pupil with pattern of windheat in liver channel) refers to wind-heat in liver meridian with pupil nerve Shrunk, red and red holding wheel, black eyes with gray dot-like deposits on the back wall, unclear consciousness, photophobia, tearing, eyeball pain, headache and forehead pain, red tongue, thin white or yellowish coating, floating pulse It is a common syndrome of small pupils and tight eyes [2]. 6.1.1.1 Symptoms
Military pupils, red eyes, gray dot-like deposits on the back wall of black eyes, unclear consciousness, photophobia, tearing, eyeball pain, and forehead pain. Red tongue, thin white or yellowish coating, and floating pulse [2].
The onset of symptoms is rapid, with tight and small pupils, painful eyeballs, blurred vision, tears due to embarrassment, red tugboats, turbid divine water, dark yellow kernels, and unclear texture [3]. Systemic symptoms include headache, fever, red mouth and tongue, thin white or yellow tongue coating, and floating pulse [3]. 6.1.1.2 Syndrome analysis
The attack of wind and heat will lead to acute onset. The evil circulates along the liver meridian and blocks the eyes, causing pain in the eyes, blurred vision, tears due to embarrassment, and a red tug. The torment caused by heat and evil causes the divine water to become muddy. Huangren belongs to the liver. The color is dark, the texture is unclear, and the pupils are tight and small, all of which are caused by wind-heat attacking the liver meridian, blood following evil sinuses, and the yellow kernels swelling and loosening without shrinking. Systemic symptoms include headache, fever, red mouth and tongue, thin white or yellow coating, and floating pulse, all of which are signs of wind-heat. [3] 6.1.1.3 Treatment method
Expelling wind and clearing away heat [3]. 6.1.1.4 Prescription treatment
Newly prepared Chailian Decoction can be used [Remarks] Newly prepared Chailian Decoction ("Ophthalmology Compilation"): Bupleurum, Coptis chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, red peony root, Vitex chinensis, Gardenia jasminoides , gentian, akebia, licorice, schizonepeta, parsnip. Indications: Tight and small pupils, dry and missing pupils, and condensation of fat. Additive and subtractive treatments [3].
Prescription: The original prescription mainly has the effects of dispersing wind and evil, clearing the liver and purging heat. If the redness and pain in the eyes are severe, you can add Rehmannia glutinosa, paeonol bark, salvia miltiorrhiza, and gallbladder seeds to cool the blood and activate blood circulation to enhance the effect of reducing redness and relieving pain.
[3] 6.1.2 Contracted pupil with pattern of excessive liver and gallbladder heat
Contracted pupil with pattern of excessive liver and gallbladder heat refers to blazing liver and gallbladder fire, pain in the eyeballs, and eyebrows. Bone pain, photophobia, tearing, decreased vision; eyelids red and swollen, white eyes mixed with red, dot-like or suet-like deposits visible on the back wall of black eyes, turbid water, or yellow fluid rushing up, yellow kernel swelling, and irregular texture Clear, narrow pupils, inability to expand and contract, or visible dust-like turbidity in the ointment, bitter mouth and dry throat, constipation, red tongue with yellow coating, and stringy and rapid pulse are common symptoms of tight pupils [2 ]. 6.1.2.1 Symptoms
Eyeball pain, brow bone pain, photophobia, tearing, decreased vision; eyelids red and swollen, white eyes mixed with red, dot-like or suet-like deposits visible on the back wall of the black eyes, dizziness The water is turbid, or the yellow liquid rushes upward, the yellow kernels are swollen, the texture is unclear, the pupils are shrunken, and the expansion and contraction are ineffective, or fine dust-like turbidity can be seen in the ointment, bitter mouth and dry throat, constipation, red tongue and yellow coating, Pulse string number[2].
The pupils are very small, the beads are so painful that they refuse to be pressed, the pain extends to the eyebrows and temples, the eyebrows are extremely red, the divine water is turbid, and there may be blood deposits behind the black eyes, or there may be yellow fluid rushing up [3 ]. Systemic symptoms often include bitter mouth and dry throat, irritability, red tongue with yellow coating, stringy and rapid pulse, etc.[3] 6.1.2.2 Syndrome analysis
The eye is the liver orifice, and the eyebrow ridge and temporal cheek belong to the liver and gallbladder respectively. The excessive fire in the liver and gallbladder attacks upwards, and the heat accumulates and the blood stagnates, so the pain in the beads refuses to be pressed, the pain extends to the eyebrows and temples, and the arms and legs are very red. When the Shen Shui is burned, it becomes turbid or yellow liquid overflows. If fire enters the blood collaterals and forces the blood to overflow, blood deposits will be visible behind the black eyes. Systemic symptoms such as bitter taste in the mouth, irritability, red tongue with yellow coating, stringy and rapid pulse are also caused by burning liver and gallbladder fire. [3] 6.1.2.3 Treatment method
Clear the liver and gallbladder [3]. Purging excess fire in the liver and gallbladder [1]. 6.1.2.4 Prescription treatment
Longdan Xiegan Decoction can be used [Note] Longdan Xiegan Decoction (Li Dongyuan prescription): Gentian grass, Bupleurum, Alisma, Plantago, Akebia, and Rehmannia glutinosa. , angelica tail, gardenia, skullcap, licorice. Indications: Cell swelling like peach, clustered stars, clotted fat, red bean in wind wheel, tight and small pupils, dry pupils, and severe blindness. Additive and subtractive treatment[1][3].
Explanation of the prescription: The original prescription focuses on directly relieving excess fire in the liver and gallbladder. If the redness and pain of the eyes are severe, or there is blood deposition behind the dark eyes, you can add paeonol bark, red peony root, and puhuang to cool the blood, activate blood circulation, or stop bleeding. If you are thirsty and constipated, and the yellow liquid is washed away, you should add gypsum, anemarrhena, rhubarb, etc. to clear the Yangming Fire. You can also refer to Chapter 4 for the medicine for the yellow liquid to rush upward. [3]
For those who have yellow fluid rushing up or blood filling their pupils due to intense heat, they should clear away heat and detoxify, cool blood to stop bleeding, and use Xijiao Dihuang Decoction or Qingying Decoction [1]. 6.1.3 Contracted pupil with pattern of winddampness plicated by heat
Contracted pupil with pattern of winddampness plicated by heat refers to rheumatism and heat, which may be acute or slow in onset. , eyeball pain, dull pain extending to the brow bone and temporal cheekbones, blurred vision, or conscious black flowers flying in front of the eyes, tears due to embarrassment, red rims, dot-like or suet-like deposits on the back wall of the black eye, and divine water Turbidity, swollen yellow kernels with unclear texture, tight pupils, small or missing pupils, often accompanied by a heavy head, tightness in the chest, sore limbs, red tongue, yellow and greasy coating, wet and frequent pulse, etc. are common symptoms of tight pupils. Wait[2]. 6.1.3.1 Symptoms
The onset may be acute or slow, pain in the eyeballs, dullness and pain extending to the eyebrow bone and temporal cheekbones, blurred vision, or consciousness of black flowers flying in front of the eyes, blurry eyes and tears, and red eyes. , black dots or suet-like deposits on the back wall of the eyes, turbid water, swollen yellow kernels with unclear texture, tight and small pupils or missing and unrounded pupils, often accompanied by a heavy head and chest tightness, sore limbs, red tongue, and coating Yellow and greasy, moist pulse [2].
The onset may be acute or slow, the pupils may be tight or small, or they may be missing or not round, the eyes may be red and painful, the edges of the eyebrows and temples may be dull and painful, the vision may be blurry, or black flowers may appear on their own, and the divine water may be turbid. The texture of yellow kernel is unclear. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as a heavy head, tightness in the chest, soreness in the limbs, yellow and greasy tongue coating, and stringy or wet pulse. [3] 6.1.3.2 Syndrome analysis
Rheumatism and heat compete with each other and are blocked in the middle. Clear yang does not rise, and dampness and turbidity rise. Therefore, it causes red and painful eyes, heavy dizziness, eyebrow ridges, and There is pain in the temples, blurry vision, and black flowers are visible. If the divine water is steamed over damp heat, the divine water will be sticky; if yellow kernels are fumigated, the yellow kernels will be swollen, with unclear texture, and will expand but not shrink; if the divine edge of the yellow kernel pupil adheres to the crystal beads, it will be missing and not round. As for the fullness and tightness in the chest and epigastrium, acne and pain in the limbs, red tongue with yellow and greasy coating, stringy and rapid pulse or wetness, all of them are caused by rheumatism and heat evil. Although they are both caused by rheumatism and heat, those with severe wind and heat tend to have more acute onset and more severe eye symptoms; those with less heat and more severe rheumatism generally have a slow onset, redness and pain in the eyes, symptoms that are sometimes mild and sometimes severe, and are prone to recurrence During the attack, the eyes are dull and dull, and the pupils are many but not round. [3] 6.1.3.3 Treatment method
Expelling wind, removing dampness and clearing away heat [3]. 6.1.3.4 Prescription treatment
You can use Yiyang Jiu Lian Powder [Note] Yi Yang Jiu Lian Powder ("Original Ji Qi Wei"): Rehmannia glutinosa, Duhuo, Cortex Phellodendron, Fangfeng, Anemarrhena, and Jingzi , Qianhu, Qianghuo, Angelica dahurica, raw licorice, skullcap, Hanshui stone, gardenia, coptis, and Fangji.
Indications: Tight pupils and dry pupils. Additive and subtractive treatment[1][3].
Explanation of prescription: The original prescription mainly uses Duhuo, Qianghuo, Fangji, Angelica dahurica, Fangfeng, and Vitex to dispel wind and dehumidify; Coptis chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Juzi, Phellodendron, and Hanshui stone can clear away heat and purge fire; Radix Rehmanniae and Anemarrhenae Nourishes yin and suppresses yang; licorice harmonizes the middle and harmonizes various medicines, and has the effect of dispelling wind, removing dampness, clearing away heat and suppressing yang. This prescription is used for those with severe wind-heat and severe red pain. It is advisable to reduce the pungent and warm dispersing drugs such as Duhuo, Qianghuo, and Angelica dahurica, and add Chongweizi and red peony root to clear the liver and cool the blood, activate blood circulation and relieve pain. If it is used for patients with severe rheumatism, moderate heat evil, stuffy epigastrium and greasy coating, it is advisable to subtract the cold-cooling purgative medicines such as Anemarrhena, Cortex Phellodendri, and Hanshui Stone, and add Magnolia officinalis, White Knot, Poria, and Yi Ren to relieve dampness. . [3] 6.1.4 Contracted pupil with pattern of yin deficiency and fire effulgence
Contracted pupil with pattern of yin deficiency and fire effulgence refers to the condition of yin deficiency and fire effulgence. Slow or long-lasting illness, good and bad days, dryness in the eyes, blurred vision, reddish eyes, dark deposits on the back wall of the eyes that persist for a long time, slightly mixed blood, dry and absent pupils, and weakness all over the body Insomnia, restlessness and heat in the five palpitations, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with less coating, and thready pulse are common symptoms of small pupils and tightness [2].
Those who have a long course of the disease and have shrunken pupils are mostly caused by liver and kidney yin deficiency and excessive inflammation due to deficiency fire [1]. 6.1.4.1 Symptoms
The disease is slow or lingers for a long time, with good and bad symptoms, dryness in the eyes, blurred vision, reddish circles, black deposits on the back wall of the eyes that do not subside for a long time, and water in the eyes. Mild confusion, dry and absent pupils, general weakness and insomnia, restlessness and heat in the five palpitations, dry mouth and throat; red tongue with little coating, and thready and rapid pulse [2].
When the disease is mild or in the advanced stage, the eyes may be dry and uncomfortable, blurred vision, redness and pain may be mild or severe, and may occur repeatedly. Pupils are often dry and round [3]. Common symptoms include dizziness and insomnia, five upset stomachs and heat, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with less coating, thin and rapid pulse, etc. [3] 6.1.4.2 Syndrome analysis
The disease is mild or in the advanced stage, the eye symptoms are mild and sometimes severe, and have recurring attacks, etc. It is a sign of deficiency of righteousness and lack of evil, and good and evil compete with each other, showing each other's advance and retreat. The factors are Yin deficiency in the body or chronic illness, liver and kidney Yin deficiency, and the vagina cannot wet the ears, resulting in dry eyes and discomfort, dim vision, and dry pupils. The fire is on top, so the eyes are red and the head is dizzy. Fire disturbs the mind and causes insomnia. Yin deficiency and water cannot control fire, so the five palpitations are irritable and hot, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with less coating, and delicate pulse. [3] 6.1.4.3 Treatment method
Nourish the liver and kidneys [3]. Nourishes the liver and kidneys, clears away fire [1]. 6.1.4.4 Prescription treatment
Qiju Dihuang Pills can be used [Note] Qiju Dihuang Pills ("Medical Grade"): Liuwei Dihuang Pills plus wolfberry and chrysanthemum. Indications: White syndrome, persistent nebula, tight pupils, dry pupils, green wind cataracts, round nebula cataracts, blue wind cataracts, dim vision, myopia, farsightedness, and fetal cataracts. Additive and subtractive treatments [3].
Recipe: The original recipe is based on Liuwei Dihuang Pills, which nourish the yin of the liver and kidneys, strengthen water and control fire; wolfberry and chrysanthemum enhance the effects of nourishing yin and blood, improving intelligence and improving eyesight. If it is used for patients with yin deficiency and excessive fire, and severe red pain in the eyes, it is advisable to add Anemarrhena and Cortex Phellodendron with soybean paste to relieve heat, which can effectively nourish yin and reduce fire. [3]
Qingshen Yiyang Pills can be treated with modified or subtracted Qingshen Yiyang Pills [1]. 6.1.5 Precautions
When using oral medications to treat small pupils, the pupils should be dilated in time to avoid causing dry pupils [1].
For those caused by trauma or some serious white or black eye diseases, refer to the above treatment according to the symptoms shown [1]. 6.2 External treatment 6.2.1 Topical use of mydriasis
Using drugs to quickly and fully expand my pupils at the beginning of the disease can not only prevent pupillary deficiency and a series of serious complications caused by it, but also Helps relieve eye pain. The commonly used medicine is 1% atropine solution or ointment, which should be instilled into the eyes 1 to 3 times a day (after each instillation of atropine eye solution, the medial canthus should be compressed for 3 to 5 minutes), or depending on the condition. [3] 6.2.2 Drops of heat-clearing and detoxifying eye drops
Scutellaria baicalensis eye drops can be used [Note] Scutellaria baicalensis eye drops ("Clinical Ophthalmology"): 100 g of Scutellaria baicalensis Preparation method: Rinse Scutellaria baicalensis with distilled water, Decoct with an appropriate amount of distilled water for 1 hour, filter out the medicinal liquid, decoct the medicinal residue in distilled water for 30 minutes, filter out the medicinal liquid, combine the two medicinal liquids and concentrate to 150-200 ml. Then add 95% ethanol (about twice the amount of the medicinal solution), let it sit for 5 to 6 hours, evaporate the ethanol by indirect heating until there is no alcohol smell, filter out the medicinal solution, add 5% activated carbon and boil it, then add distilled water to 1000ml , filter and then boil and sterilize. Its pH value is 6.5. Indications: Tight and small pupils, dry pupils, white and sunken flower nebula, and condensed fat nebula. Or 10~50% Senecio eye drops [Remarks] Senecio eye drops (revised version of "Hospital Preparations"): 50g Senecio whole plant, appropriate amount of distilled water, made into 100 ml.
Preparation method: Wash Qianxingguang, drain, cut into fine pieces, add 5 to 6 times of ethanol, soak for 2 to 8 days, filter, then soak the residue with 4 to 5 times of ethanol for 2 days, combine the two infusions, Recover ethanol, add 50 ml of distilled water to the concentrated solution, stir, add 2 g of paraffin, heat on a water bath to completely melt it, cool, place in the refrigerator for 1 hour, remove the paraffin condensed on the surface of the medicine, add distilled water to the solution to 100 mL Add 1% activated carbon, stir, heat and boil for 10 minutes, then let cool; remove the carbon by suction filtration, filter until clear, and adjust to 100ml with distilled water. Indications: Storm guest fever, golden malnutrition, white acerbity syndrome, drooping red membrane, blood nebula covering the eyes, tight and small pupils, and dry pupils. [3]. 6.2.3 Local hot compress
Hot water or medicinal dregs decocted in water for oral use are often used as moist heat compresses to reduce redness and relieve pain [3]. 6.3 Acupuncture treatment 6.3.1 Body acupuncture
Point selection: Jingming, Cuanzhu, Tongziliao, Sizhukong, Ganshu, Zusanli, Hegu[3].
Acupuncture and moxibustion: 2 local points are taken each time, and 1 to 2 points are allocated at the distal end. [3] 6.3.2 Ear acupuncture
Points such as the tip of the ear, Shenmen, and eyes can be used [3]. 6.4 Other treatments
If necessary, eye drops or subconjunctival injection of hormones or antibiotics can be used [3].
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