I. Location and Project Overview
Culvert location: K43+24 1, single-hole reinforced concrete slab culvert, with a span of 4m, a height of 3.2m, a culvert length of 27.66m and an oblique angle of 70, and the entrance and exit types are connected by splayed walls; The earthwork of the foundation pit is 1 183m3, the volume of concrete is 635. 18m3, the foundation treatment is gravel cushion, the treatment depth is 2.6m, and the gravel is 375m3. The bearing capacity of cushion bottom shall be ≥ 1 100 kPa, and the allowable bearing capacity of foundation bottom shall be ≥ 150Kpa.
Second, the project construction preparation
1, construction team approach and personnel situation
There are 30 people in culvert construction team 1, including: team leader 1 person, 2 construction technicians, quality inspector 1 person, electrician 1 person, formwork worker 10 person, pouring worker 12 person, and rebar worker 8 people. The total number of technicians reached 16, and the total number of ordinary workers reached 14.
2. Mechanical methods
1 generator,18kw; ; 3 cranes, model 8t; 1 flat vibrator, 2.5Kw；; Rammer 1 set, 3Kw；; Welding machine 1 set, 3Kw；; 4 vibrators,1.5kw; ; And other auxiliary machinery.
3, the material comes into play
650m2 steel formwork, 1 m3 wood, 1500m steel pipe,1200m support rod, and other auxiliary materials.
4, construction lofting
The survey team of the project department puts out piles and reports them to the site supervision, leads the piles with traverse points, releases the crosshair and releases the crosshair side piles. After acceptance by the supervisor, it will be handed over to the construction team for use and protected by piles.
5, all kinds of test data
The test data of the main materials have been completed by the laboratory of the project department and submitted to the resident supervisor, who has signed it and attached all kinds of test data.
Third, the project schedule
1, project progress
It is planned to start construction on June 15, 2005, with flow operation as the main method and circulation. The pouring of the cover plate shall be prefabricated and hoisted by the prefabrication factory. See the culvert crossing map for the specific time schedule.
2, the planned time limit for a project guarantee measures
① Personnel support
Choose excellent, capable and high labor productivity construction team, equipped with sufficient construction capacity and labor force, and resolutely ensure the relative stability of labor force in the whole construction process.
② mechanical support
According to the needs of engineering construction, select excellent mechanical equipment and ensure the required mechanical quantity. Each construction team has enough mechanical equipment, and tests are carried out in advance before entering the site to give full play to the advantages of mechanical operation.
③ technical support
Each construction team must have more than two technicians, who should be familiar with the drawings carefully before starting work. If in doubt, contact the project department in time to avoid delaying the construction and construction period. After entering the site, according to the requirements of the project department, make a good construction plan and organize its implementation scientifically and reasonably.
④ Institutional guarantee
Establish post responsibility system, determine the relationship between responsibility and rights of construction units, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all construction teams by using economic leverage, and adhere to the principle of rewarding diligence and punishing laziness.
Scientifically arrange the construction, strictly implement the construction plan, achieve long-term planning, short-term arrangement, daily statistics, ten-day implementation, monthly assessment, clear rewards and punishments, and timely cash.
The construction team is required to obey the supervision and inspection of the on-site supervision engineer, respect the opinions of the supervision engineer and cooperate closely to jointly improve work efficiency.
The project department creates a good construction environment, actively establishes a good relationship with the construction, design and site supervision, cooperates with each other, actively accepts supervision and guidance, works closely with the construction team to ensure efficient construction, establishes a harmonious relationship with the local government and people along the line, obtains support and help, reduces interference, and ensures the smooth construction of the construction team.
Four, the main engineering construction methods and construction technology
1, foundation treatment (gravel cushion)
1) When excavating the foundation pit, please ask the resident supervision engineer and survey team to set out and determine the middle pile and side pile. After inspection by the supervision engineer, excavation can be carried out as long as the error is within the specified range. When excavating, first lead the side piles out of the working face and protect them, so as to control the excavation width and length at any time during the excavation process; Secondly, the width and length of the excavation should be carefully calculated, and the slope should be properly placed according to the excavation depth and soil quality to prevent landslides and accidents.
2) After the culvert bottom of foundation pit is excavated to the design elevation, the treatment depth shall be determined with the approval of the site supervisor after the laboratory self-inspection and foundation bearing capacity test. After deep excavation, the laboratory can do the foundation bearing capacity test again. After on-site supervision and inspection, meet the design foundation load and replace the gravel. The silt content of gravel must be controlled strictly in accordance with the specification requirements. If the treatment depth is different, the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit should be dug into stepped or sloping lap, and the cushion construction should be carried out in the order of deep first and then shallow, and the lap should be compacted. When replacing the cushion, attention should be paid to the drainage of the foundation pit, and construction should not be carried out under the condition of water accumulation. If necessary, the groundwater level should be lowered.
2. Floor structure
After the foundation treatment is completed, the supervision engineer will check and verify that it reaches the design elevation, and fill in the culvert foundation pit acceptance form in time. After being signed by the supervision engineer, the formwork can be cast. C20 concrete can be used as the bottom plate, and the formwork adopts skip formwork, so as to achieve its flatness and verticality according to the specification requirements. After the acceptance by the supervisor, the width of the settlement joint is 2cm according to the design requirements, and rigid foam plastic is used as the filling material for jumping warehouse pouring, and the template is square and vertical.
3. Structure of wall and table cap
Before wall construction, the contact part between the top of foundation and wall should be brushed clean. The wall is made of C20 concrete, and the formwork can jump out of the warehouse through the warehouse, but it should be consistent with the bottom plate. And rinse with water, when the formwork is erected, the construction can be carried out only after it is accepted by the site supervisor. The 2cm inside is jointing with 15# cement mortar, and the settlement joint is filled with asphalt-impregnated pine board. During the construction of the bearing platform, settlement joints shall be set along the direction of the hole corresponding to the foundation and wall. The steel bar of the bearing platform is disconnected from the concrete at the settlement joint, and φ 20 steel bar is embedded at the joint of the plate. The embedded steel bars shall correspond to the anchor bolt holes of the carriageway slab, and two bars shall be set for each carriageway. The spacing between steel bars and flat connecting steel bars should be 20/cosα(cm) and evenly distributed along the direction of tunnel body. The inner and outer sides of the settlement joint are 10cm thick and 8cm thick with asphalt cotton wool, and 2cm on both sides are jointing with 15# mortar.
4. Prefabrication and installation of cover plate
The cover plate is prefabricated centrally by the prefabrication factory of the project department. The slab with a span of 6.0m and not more than 4.0 is prefabricated with 25# concrete, and the slab width is 99cm and 74cm. When the culvert is inclined, the cover plate is prefabricated into inclined blocks. After the concrete reaches 70% of the design strength, the precast slab must be demoulded, transported and stacked. When stacking, it should be put on two points at the end of the block and not inverted. Precast cover plates shall be self-shuttered, reinforced and prefabricated in strict accordance with the construction specifications, and shall be subject to on-site supervision, supervision, inspection and guidance. There are anchor bolt holes on the precast slab, with the aperture of 8cm at the top and 6cm at the bottom. If the anchor bolt hole touches the main reinforcement, the main reinforcement can be cut off. When prefabricating side plates, the anchoring reinforcement of guardrail foundation seat shall be embedded as required.
The cover plate is installed by hoisting. During installation, the strength of the bearing platform must reach more than 70% of the design strength, and the finished product and culvert size should be inspected in detail. A medium-pressure rubber asbestos board with a thickness of 1cm is placed between the table cap and the board. After the lifting device on the cover plate is installed, it shall be filled with mortar or other materials approved by the supervision engineer, and the adjacent plates shall be compacted with (1: 2) cement mortar.
5, ancillary works
Settlement joints are set at entrances and exits and culverts, 20# concrete is used for splayed walls and the bottom of holes, and cutoff walls are set at entrances and exits of splayed walls. The bottom of the entrance and exit shall be excavated to the foundation treatment layer, and the construction can only be started after the laboratory and site supervision confirm that the foundation bearing capacity reaches the design strength. Gravel cushion should be used for foundation treatment, and the inlet and outlet must be unblocked without water. The splayed wall shall be constructed in strict accordance with the design size and drawing requirements, and the site supervisor shall be invited for supervision and inspection.
25# concrete is used for slab construction. The foundation treatment of slab should be based on 4% cement stabilized macadam above subgrade, with a thickness of 24cm, and lime soil should be used as cushion below stabilized macadam, and the compactness of cushion should be greater than 95%. Set 1cm thick medium-pressure rubber asbestos board, and set abutment foundation at the contact part with subgrade. The longitudinal slope of abutment should be consistent with the longitudinal slope of pavement. When the inclination of abutment is greater than or equal to 20, auxiliary reinforcement is added, and abutment is cast in place with concrete. Before cast-in-place, the embedded reinforcement of abutment is wrapped with casing or asphalt impregnated linen to adapt to abutment sinking.
6, construction technology (concrete pouring method, template)
(1) concrete pouring
During concrete pouring, the paving thickness of each layer shall not exceed 50cm. Vibrating with plug-in vibrator, using φ50 or φ70 vibrator. In the process of vibrating, the periphery should be vibrated first, and then the middle. When vibrating, the distance from the template should be less than 10cm, with a plum blossom shape in the middle, and no vibration leakage or excessive vibration is allowed. The vibrating time should be that the concrete does not fall off and no bubbles are generated inside. Generally, φ50 is 30. In the process of vibrating, insert quickly and pull slowly. After the first layer is completely vibrated, lay the next layer. After paving and vibrating, the contact surface with the upper part should be painted, and the depth of painting should not be less than 1cm, so as to better connect with the upper structure. Sampling shall be taken at the concrete pouring site, and 3-4 groups of specimens shall be made according to the requirements of the laboratory supervision engineer, and they shall be maintained equally with the poured concrete. The maintenance period is usually around 7 days. Concrete shall be cured by sprinkling water, and the sprinkling water shall be clean, the relative humidity shall be greater than 60%, the curing period shall be no less than 7 days, and the curing period with humidity less than 60% shall be appropriately extended.
② template
Before formwork erection, be sure to check the flatness of the formwork, and the flatness shall not exceed 2mm. If the template can't be used, it is definitely not used. When erecting formwork, the contact surface between formwork and formwork must be smooth and the geometric dimensions must be accurate. Double-sided adhesive tape or other materials approved by the Engineer shall be used as materials to prevent slurry leakage. After erection, the verticality and flatness of the formwork should be carefully checked by self-inspection, and the dimensions should be checked with a ruler to prevent the angle and dimensions from being inconsistent. After self-inspection, report to the supervision engineer for testing and signing. In the process of concrete pouring, the formwork shall be inspected at any time, and the problems found shall be handled in time.
③ Support
For formwork support, the supporting frame shall be made of iron with good texture and no deformation in appearance or other supporting frames approved by the supervision engineer. The spacing between the uprights of the pillars should not exceed 60 cm, and the spacing between the beams should not exceed 40 cm. The beam must be in full contact with the template, and there can be no gaps. The maximum spacing between the support bars on both sides is consistent with the vertical bars.
(4) the production of steel bar
The steel bars transported to the construction site must be stacked separately according to the types of steel bars, and cannot be in direct contact with the ground when stacked, and covered, and the surface should be clean and free of oil pollution and rust scale; Steel production adopts mechanical production and manual production; Steel welding adopts arc welding. When welding on one side, the weld length should not be less than 10d, and when welding on both sides, the weld length should not be less than 5d. When welding, the overlapping ends of two steel bars should be folded to one side in advance, so that the axes of the two combined steel bars are consistent. After completion, the construction can only be started after being reported to the supervision engineer for testing and signing.
⑤ process flow
Measure and locate the foundation bearing capacity of foundation pit excavation, test the bearing capacity of foundation treatment, retest the position template, check the foundation pouring and formwork removal, check the pouring quality elevation, check the culvert positioning template, check the angle of the pile cap template, check and tie it, install the reinforced pile cap, pour it and hoist the cover plate, and sort out and check the construction data of the auxiliary project.
Five, quality assurance system and quality assurance measures
1. Improve the quality awareness of all construction teams, strengthen quality education, and adhere to the policy of "quality first in a hundred years".
2. Strengthen the technical and skill training and guidance for all construction teams, learn relevant specifications, technical standards and regulations, and strengthen technical guidance in the construction process.
3, establish and improve the quality assurance system, make it give full play to the role. The project department has full-time quality inspection engineers, and the construction team has full-time quality inspection personnel, equipped with quality inspection instruments and responsible for quality supervision and inspection. Quality inspectors have the right to veto quality and accept pricing visas. Quality inspection should be focused and comprehensive, internal and external, full-time and team inspection.
4. Strengthen daily quality inspection, establish quality inspection procedures, and adhere to the four quality inspection systems of pre-construction inspection, construction inspection, concealed engineering inspection and regular quality inspection. Quality "three inspection systems": self-inspection, mutual inspection and special inspection. Quality "three processes" system: check the quality of the previous process, ensure the quality of this process, and creatively provide quality conditions for the next process.
5, vigorously promote the application of new technologies, new equipment, new materials, new processes and advanced technologies to ensure high-quality products.
6. Strictly implement the lifelong responsibility system for quality, sign quality responsibility letters at different levels, and strengthen the sense of responsibility.
7. Obey and actively seek the inspection and guidance of the supervision engineer and the owner Party A, and strictly implement the decision of the supervision engineer.
8, measures to ensure the engineering quality
(1) The technical guidance should be comprehensive and meticulous, strictly put an end to blindness, experience and randomness, strictly control the quality of each working procedure or every working link, carefully review the drawings, and clarify the design standard intention. If it is unclear or unclear, it should be put forward in time and discussed together.
(2) Truthfully collect, sort out, record and recheck all kinds of original data in the construction process to ensure the truthfulness and completeness of the completed data.
(3) Clear posts, formulate rewards and punishments, technical post responsibility system, economic contract system and contract management. Technical cadres who work hard and give in-depth guidance should be rewarded, and those who have made outstanding contributions should be rewarded; Those who leave their posts without leave, have a weak sense of responsibility and have poor guidance will be fined. Be clear about rewards and punishments, cash in time, and ensure the perfection of quality assurance measures.
(4) Actively adopt new technologies, new materials, new processes and new equipment to improve project quality, speed up construction progress and improve economic benefits.
(5) The construction unit must obey the supervision and guidance of the supervision engineer, make technical guarantee, and actively cooperate and support. If there is any discussion, handle the relationship between the two parties in line with the principle of consultation, form a harmonious atmosphere and ensure the quality of the project. Before each work is carried out, the construction can only be carried out with the consent of the supervisor.
⑥ Strengthen basic technical work such as measurement and test, select a construction team with strong technical ability and high quality, formulate a detailed and feasible technical management system, and use advanced measurement and test instruments to ensure the engineering quality.
⑦ Strictly implement the system of holding certificates. For some high-tech workers, organize pre-job training. Only after passing the examination can you take up your post to ensure the quality of the project construction.
⑧ When pouring concrete, designate a special person to be responsible for vibrating, strictly control the vibrating spacing and time of the internal vibrator, and carry out maintenance in strict accordance with the requirements. Mass concrete is supplied by the mixing station, continuously poured at one time, and tamped by special personnel to ensure the beauty of finished concrete.
Pet-name ruby adhere to unqualified project resolutely rework, without mercy.
Six, safety system and safety measures
1, establish and improve the safety organization, conscientiously implement the safety production management regulations formulated by Xinyang Company, and formulate various safety rules and regulations.
2, strictly implement the operating procedures, focus on the safety management of foundation pit excavation and cross construction.
3. Establish the responsibility system for production safety of all departments and construction teams, with clear responsibilities, consistent powers and responsibilities, strict accident reporting, investigation and handling system, seeking truth from facts, and establishing accident files.
4, establish a regular safety inspection system, have time and requirements, clear key parts and dangerous jobs. Safety inspection is recorded, hidden dangers are rectified in time, and a reward and punishment system is implemented.
5, establish a system of related certificates, safety education for employees, special operations personnel must be trained and related certificates.
6, the construction site must have safety signs, warning signs, uniform specifications, handwriting, said clearly, in the main parts of the construction site, operation area, dangerous points, main entrances and exits to set up safety signs or safety warning signs.
7. Safety measures
(1) All personnel entering the site must wear safety helmets, and it is forbidden to wear slippers and enter the construction area barefoot on the construction site.
(2) Construction electricity must have a full-time electrician with complete certificates and a full-time electricity safety officer. It is forbidden to connect or pull randomly.
(3) On-site fire prevention, establish on-site fire prevention system, set up obligatory fire brigade, with special personnel in charge, establish relevant regulations for key parts, manage by special personnel, configure corresponding fire-fighting equipment, and set fire warning signs.
(4) It is forbidden for non-construction personnel to enter the work area marked with warning signs.
Seven, environmental protection and civilized construction
1, set up an environmental protection agency to be fully responsible for environmental protection during the construction period.
2. Learn the Environmental Protection Law and other policies and regulations to improve employees' environmental awareness.
3, during the period of construction, always maintain a good drainage system, temporary drainage combined with permanent drainage, shall not cause silt and erosion.
4. In the construction area, do a good job in on-site health management, and the domestic garbage is piled up in the designated position in an approved way. After the completion of the construction, it is necessary to "finish the work, clear the site and use all the materials" and specify reliable implementation measures to prevent the displacement of various public facilities that may be encountered during the construction. During the construction of contaminated soil, the nearby area will not be polluted. Upon completion, all sundries and wastes will be removed and maintained and restored to their original state.
5. The construction waste slag will not be dumped at will to pollute the environment, but will be dumped in the designated waste slag yard, and soil protection will be done well.
6. Ensure that the noise during the construction of the project meets the relevant requirements of the state and the transportation department. At the same time, it must meet the requirements of noise limit value of construction site CGB 12523-907. When choosing construction equipment and construction methods, try to choose low-noise equipment to minimize the impact on construction personnel and surrounding residents. Mechanical vehicles honk their horns and use woofers to control noise pollution.
7. When constructing near residential areas, pay attention to the operation time to prevent noise from disturbing people. The roads in the construction area are cleaned and sprinkled by special personnel every day to prevent dust from flying. During the construction period, it is forbidden to discharge domestic sewage into ponds, reservoirs and rivers to ensure that the water source is not polluted.
8, civilized construction
(1) Conduct quality civilization education for the personnel entering the site, and enhance the awareness of civilized construction.
(2) Keep the working roads on the construction site unblocked, not muddy in rainy days, not dusty in sunny days, road signs, machines and equipment in good condition, neat, construction materials piled up in an orderly manner, stored regularly and reasonably, and inserted with signs.
(3) Team leaders, technicians and technical types of work who go to the site for construction must wear badges (employment certificates with photos, names, positions, posts, etc.). ).
④ The construction site should be clean and tidy: the construction site should be clean, the living environment should be clean, the building products should be beautiful and tidy, and the ditches and floors in the construction area should be free of garbage and oil pollution, and the materials should be clean after work.
⑤ The wastes generated in the construction shall not be discarded and piled up at will, and shall be effectively treated and stored at the designated place as required. When transporting, storing and using building materials that are likely to cause environmental pollution, effective measures should be taken to reduce pollution.
⑥ Seriously deal with local mass relations, actively strengthen communication with local people, respect local customs and habits, understand each other, respect each other and live in harmony.
There is basically no such direct download without registration. There are many construction organization designs of various projects in Luwen Construction Service Network.