Recalling Qin E·The sound of the flute swallowed
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
The sound of the flute swallowed, Qin E dreamed of cutting off the moon in the Qin Tower. Qin Lou is full of moon, willows are colored every year, and Baling is sad to say goodbye.
On the Qingqiu Festival in Yuyuan, the sound of the Xianyang ancient road is excruciating. The sound is gone, the west wind is lingering, and the Han family mausoleum is still there.
Explanation
"Recalling Qin'e·Xiao Shengyan" is one of the most popular works of poetry in the Tang and Five Dynasties. It is said to have been written by the great poet Li Bai. This poem has forty-six characters in two pieces, which is nostalgic for the present and nostalgic for the past, and has profound inspiration. The first film is caused by the mournful sound of a flute under the moon, and it is hard to look back after seeing the prosperity of the past. The next three sentences add willow color and farewell feelings to the moonlight, blending the scene into one, making it look bleak and confusing. The next film reveals the story of Yunhan and depicts the time and place when it was most prosperous. And the sentence "Xianyang Ancient Road" suddenly drops thousands of feet, which is sad and touching. If I continue with the sentence "Yin Chen Jue", the sadness will become even deeper. The eight characters "West Wind" only describe the realm, and the feeling of rise and fall is contained in it. The majesty of his spirit is truly unparalleled in both modern and ancient times. The ancients spoke highly of this poem and called it "the ancestor of lyrics and music for a hundred generations".
Appreciation
This word describes a woman's painful mood of missing her lover. It is sad and moving to read. The ancients spoke highly of it and hailed it as the "ancestor of lyrics and music for a hundred generations" together with "Bodhisattva Man·Pinglin Momo Smoke Like Weaving".
Wang Guowei said in "Human Words" that this word "wins with its atmosphere". The weather in this poem is very different from what people often call the "weather of the prosperous Tang Dynasty" in the Kaiyuan (reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, 713-741 AD), but it is indeed one of the weather of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. . It is broad and profound, with a broad artistic conception, majestic charm, and a sense of sadness. This kind of "weather" can be seen in Li Bai's poems such as "Ancient Style One Hundred and Forty Years", "Farewell", "Du Ling Climbing the Tower in the Evening Ji and Send a Letter to Wei Yao" written by Li Bai in the later period of Tianbao (the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, 742-756 AD). See. "Climbing the Tower of Du Mausoleum to Send a Letter to Wei Yao in the Evening Day" writes: "The floating sun destroys the Ji scenery, and all things are full of autumn. Climb the tower to see far away, and look down at the peaks. The wilderness is vast, and the rivers are intertwined." The style and atmosphere of this song "Recalling Qin E" are very similar. Du Fu Tianbao's later work "Ascending the Ci'en Temple Pagoda with the Lords" is also similar. Hu Yinglin said that this poem "Qi also declines and rustles", which reflects the decline of Qi in the late Tang Dynasty. In fact, this word seems to reflect the decline of the prosperous Tang Dynasty in Tianbao's later period, when it was still prosperous on the surface but full of internal crises. Therefore, this poem may have been written in the late Tianbao period. The poet uses metaphors to express his feelings, blending intuitive feelings and images. The first part begins with personal sorrow, and the second part transitions to historical sorrow.
This poem does not transition from the rendering of objective scenery to the description of the character's inner feelings like "The Bodhisattva Man·Pinglin Momo is like a weaving of smoke". It describes the character's inner mood from the very beginning: the whimpering sound of the flute awakened Qin E from her dream. At this time, a waning moon was reflected slantingly in front of the window. Although the dream was over, she still seemed to be immersed in the dream, enjoying herself with her lover, but there was only the cold waning moon in front of her to watch her. How many moonlit nights like this made her feel dejected and self-pitying. Therefore, the following naturally turns to the memories of "Farewell to Baling". "Yong Lu" records: "In the Han Dynasty, everything from Han and Tong in the east must start from Baling, so those who give gifts will break willows here to send them to each other." However, the willows are turning green year after year, but the sweetheart is still far away. On one side, there was only the sound of the wailing flute and the low sobs, the cold waning moon accompanied the thin figure, and the green willow brought back memories of the past. In fact, this is the author using Qin E's longing for her lover to express her inner thoughts and pursuits of something. This kind of hard thoughts and pursuits are persistent, but fruitless.
The first part of the poem is always entangled in personal joys and sorrows, while the second part has major ups and downs. It seems that metaphorical techniques can no longer satisfy the expression of emotions. The poet has to put aside the previous subject and directly integrate himself into the picture. The scene abruptly begins with "Le You Yuan Shang Qing Qiu Festival". The picture shows a carnival scene of a gathering of lovers during the Qing Autumn Festival. However, the protagonist stands alone in the lingering light of the west wind. "I have no place to return to after drinking, and I am alone and confused." Chanting poems by himself" (Du Fu's "Happy Garden Song"). At this time, personal sorrows were completely put aside, or integrated into the sorrows of history. The poet entered the history by picking up the relics of illustrious dynasties such as Qin and Han - the Xianyang ancient road and the tombs of the Han Dynasty. Reflect. The ancient roads are long and silent, and the prosperity, luxury, and indulgence have all been buried. Only the mausoleum is left, accompanied by the bleak west wind and the bloody setting sun, which will continue to exist for hundreds and thousands of years. The author is not paying tribute to Emperor Qin and Emperor Wu of Han, he is reflecting on history and reality. Here are mixed reflections of prosperity and decline, past and present, sadness and joy. Although the poet did not directly describe the decadent prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, "Enjoying the Qingqiu Festival in Yuanyuan" is enough, which makes people naturally imagine the extravagant lust and carnival bliss of the ancient Roman style in Tianbao's later period. But no one can understand the underlying sense of fragmentation. The Qin and Han dynasties have passed, and only the long ancient roads and lonely tombs are left, facing the lingering light of the west wind. Although this is a relic of the past, it is also a real scene. At the same time, the real scene of "the lingering light of the west wind and the mausoleum of the Han family" will inevitably connect people to the future of the dynasty. As a result, the boundaries between past, present and future were canceled and blended together. What the historical sequence left to people was only an appearance - "the west wind is shining, the Han family mausoleum is shining". It creates a tragic sense of historical demise, or a sense of destruction, filling people's hearts. This is the result of historical reflection. Therefore, the personal sorrow of the first film can only be replaced as a foil for the second film.
The artistic conception of this word is broad and broad, and the style is magnificent and vigorous. Readers can also see a similar style in the Dunhuang lyrics, which is different from the clear, graceful and beautiful style of the middle and late Tang Dynasty. Lu Youyou said: "Since Dazhong in the Tang Dynasty, poets have become increasingly shallow, and there are no longer magnificent and profound works by their predecessors." ("Huajian Collection Postscript"). The style of poetry and the style of ci have a tendency of intertwining and negating themselves.
The words are natural, but each word is refined, the sound is deep, and the sound of hitting the ground is like the sound of gold and stone. However, the cadence is ups and downs, the rules are solemn, the words are empty, the words are empty, and there is no place to succeed. From this point of view, if it is the color of Li Taibai, it is better to think that it is the pen of Du Shaoling. Its style has never been seen in the flowers of the Five Dynasties, nor can it be imitated by the songs of the Song Dynasty. It has already opened up the style of the Song Dynasty poetry.
Comments by famous writers
Liu Kezhuang: Poem writers have long accents and short accents. Po Gong's "Qi Shi" and other works are characterized by length and work. The poem "Remembering Qin'e" written by the Tang Dynasty said: "The west wind is still shining, and the Han family mausoleum is in the sky." The poem "Qing Ping Le" said: "I often leave half of the quilt at night, waiting for the king's dream to return." Work is done by short work. ("The Complete Works of Mr. Houcun·Liu Shuan's Postscript to the Eight Poems of Autumn")
Shen Jifei: Taibai's poem has a forest style. "Recalling Qin'e" is a poem, so it is the beauty of the boudoir. ("Yu Zheng Collection of Caotang Poems")
Yu Biyun: This poem expresses accumulated feelings in vain, and it is written based on the grudges of friends. Since I am in the Qin Dynasty, I use the sound of the Qin girl's flute as a metaphor. There is an aura of floating clouds when starting to write. The following is a continuation of the story of separation. The willows of Ba Bridge are broken, which is a place of sadness for the moved guests. The Laolao Pavilion is the place of farewell in ancient times. Taibai wrote a poem on the pavilion, "The spring breeze knows the bitterness of farewell, and does not send away the green willows." It feels the same. . Xiaqiao is still in the Qin Dynasty, and Yuanyuan is the time to travel and enjoy in Qingqiu. However, the ancient road to Xianyang is cut off from the sound and dust, and the difference in joy and sorrow is like this. Wandering along the ancient road, you can't see what you think, but what you can see is the abandoned tombs of the Han Dynasty, leaving their ruins in the west wind and sunset. A generation of emperors will end up like this, and their bodies will be hurt and their lives will be ruined. The two sentences conclude with admiring the present and the past, as if hearing the sound of change. ("Selected Explanations of Poems from the Tang, Five Dynasties and Two Song Dynasties")
Wang Guowei: Taibaichun wins with his air. "The west wind is still shining, the mausoleum of the Han family", with only eight characters, is the gateway to the ancients. In later generations, only Fan Wenzheng's "The Proud of the Fisherman" and Xia Yinggong's "The Happy Migrant Orioles" were not enough to succeed Wu, but they were no longer able to catch up. ("Human Words")
Zhou Ruchang: Standing in the west wind, bathing in the falling light of the river, what comes into my eyes is the mausoleum of the Han family, which is vast and majestic. At this moment, time and space are condensed into one point, and joy and sorrow are mixed in a hundred ends. Qin'e's temporary feelings suddenly sublimate and become the heart of our country for eternity. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, mountains and rivers were created. The Chongling Mausoleum here is no longer the burial place of individual emperors, but a monument of the entire nation. Even if a beloved man never returns, the Han Mausoleum will always be there. ("A Thousand Years of Heart—Zhou Ruchang Talks about Tang Poems and Song Ci")
An Qi: "The thoughts and feelings expressed in the two lines of "West Wind" are not just those of women who are sad for the war and cherish the distant people, nor are they just missing their husbands. What a wife can have.
” ("My Views on Two Poems by Li Bai")