Liang Qichao received traditional education at home since childhood. 1890 tried it in Beijing, but it didn't work. On the way back to Guangdong, I passed by Shanghai, and saw an Introduction to World Geography, A Brief Introduction to Ying Huan and the translation of western books by Shanghai Machinery Bureau, which was an eye-opener. In the same year, I met Kang Youwei and voted for him.
189 1 studied in wanmu thatched cottage, accepted Kang Youwei's thoughts and theories, and embarked on the road of improvement and reform. At that time, people were collectively called "Kangliang".
1in the spring of 895, he went to Beijing again to take the exam, assisted Kang Youwei, and launched a "bus petition" for candidates to jointly petition in Beijing. Liang Qichao was very active in the Reform Movement. In Beijing, he was in charge of World Bulletin (later renamed Chinese and Foreign Journals) and Shanghai Current Affairs, and went to Macau to organize Intimate Newspaper. Many of his political views have great influence on society.
1897, head teacher of Wu Shi school in Changsha, promoting Hunan's political reform thought.
1898 returned to Beijing to participate in the "Hundred Days Reform". In July, summoned by Emperor Guangxu, he was ordered to present the General Theory of Reform, awarded six titles, and was responsible for handling the affairs of Shi Jing University Hall Translation Company.
In September of the same year, when the coup took place, Liang Qichao fled to Japan and had contact with the revolutionaries headed by Sun Yat-sen. During his stay in Japan, he successively founded Qingyi Newspaper and Xinmin Cong Newspaper, advocating reform and opposing revolution. At the same time, it also introduced a large number of western social and political theories, which had a great influence among intellectuals at that time.
After the Wuchang Uprising broke out, he tried to make revolutionaries compromise with the Qing government. In the early years of the Republic of China, he supported Yuan Shikai, inherited Yuan Yi's intention, merged the Democratic Party with the Republican Party and the United Party, rebuilt the Progressive Party, and competed with the Kuomintang led by Sun Yat-sen for political power.
19 13, the "talent cabinet" of the progressive party was established, and Liang Qichao became the chief justice. Yuan Shikai's ambition to be emperor is increasingly exposed. Liang Qichao opposed Yuan as emperor and planned to use force against Yuan with Cai E.
19 15 At the end of the year, a war to defend the country broke out in Yunnan. 19 16, Liang Qichao went to Guangdong and Guangxi to participate in the struggle against Yuan. After Yuan Shikai's death, Liang Qichao served as the chief financial officer of Beiyang government in Duan and was supervised by the General Administration of Salt Affairs. In September, Sun Yat-sen launched a battle to protect the law. 165438+ 10, Duan's cabinet was forced to step down, and Liang Qichao also took the blame and resigned from politics.
19 18 At the end of the year, Liang Qichao went to Europe and learned many problems and disadvantages of western society. After returning to China, he preached that western civilization had gone bankrupt and advocated developing traditional culture and "saving the world" with the "inherent civilization" of the East.
From 1922, he attended a part-time course in Tsinghua University, and from 1925, he applied for the position of tutor of China Research Institute in Ren Qinghua.
1927, leaving Tsinghua research institute. 1929 died of illness.
Liang Qichao worked hard all his life and wrote 14 million words. For nearly 36 years, political activities have taken up a lot of time. He writes an average of 390,000 words every year, which shows how amazing his diligence and talent are!
school achievement
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Liang Qichao participated extensively in academic research and made great achievements in philosophy, literature, history, Confucian classics, law, ethics, religion and other fields, especially in historical research.
From 190 1 to 1902, he wrote China's Historical Narrative and New History, criticized feudal history and launched a "historical revolution".
After my trip to Europe, I mainly engaged in cultural education and academic research activities, focusing on pre-Qin philosophers, Qing dynasty academics, history and Buddhism. From 1922, I worked part-time in Tsinghua University, and from 1925, I applied for the position of tutor of Ren Qinghua Sinology Research Institute. The scope of my instruction is: philosopher, history of Buddhism in China, academic history of Song Yuanming, academic history of Qing Dynasty, China literature, history of China philosophy, history of China, historical research methods, etc. During this period, there are Academic Introduction of Qing Dynasty, Case Study of Mozi, China Historical Research Law, Academic History of China in Recent 300 Years, Lover Du Fu, Qu Yuan Research, Political Thought History of Pre-Qin Dynasty, and China Cultural History.
He has created a wealth of works in his life, including several collections, among which Drinking Room Collection published in September 1936+0 1 day is relatively complete. Restaurant Collection has 148 volumes, and100000 words.
Liang Qichao introduced western culture and new literary concepts in literary theory, and initiated the innovation of various styles in modern times. There are also many achievements in literary creation: prose, poetry, novels, operas and translated literature all have works in the world, especially prose.
Liang Qichao's writing style is called "new style" internationally. This "new style" with "counselor literature" as its style became the most popular and imitated style before the May 4th Movement, and it is still worth studying and studying. Liang Qichao wrote The Influence of Russian Revolution in 1905. The article begins with short and urgent words, such as the rupture of rocks, like the gushing of magma: "The lights went out, the gas ran out, the wharf stopped, the iron ore was cut, the wires were smashed, the railway was dug, the military factory burned, the newspaper office closed, the dagger appeared, the bomb cracked and the monarch escaped." In the play, the only autocratic country in the world must be in the Great Revolution! Then, it analyzes the causes, motives and policies, prospects and influences of the revolution. No wonder Hu Shi said, "Mr. Liang's article ... makes readers have to follow him and think with him!" "
In the aspect of calligraphy art, Liang Qichao studied Ou Yangxun in his early years, and then studied Kang Youwei, an engraver of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties.
work
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China's historical research methods
The Academic History of China in the Past 300 Years
Xinmin said
The owner of the igloo said
Cultural history of China
Liang Qichao's Tax Thought
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Liang Qichao was one of the advocates of the Reform Movement of 1898, and also a famous propagandist of bourgeois reformists in China at the turn of 19 and the 20th century. He advocated that the collection of taxes should be based on the principle of convenience, and the policy of light taxes and flat taxes should be implemented. At the same time, he opposed the traditional view of "fixing taxes for the people". It is pointed out that "Westerners use things necessary for people's birthdays, all of which are tax-free for the convenience of the people." China, on the other hand, took advantage of the people's urgency to levy again, such as salt policy. There are also westerners who are good at the law and have good intentions to facilitate the people. China regarded it as a plan to help the Tang Dynasty, but those who did it harassed him. Now the postal service and the like are also the same. "He suggested that we should follow the example of Britain to implement a unified tax policy, so as to facilitate the people and benefit the people and seek prosperity again. This view, which put economic development first and based on fiscal revenue, was of positive significance to the development of capitalist industry and commerce in China at that time.
Liang Qichao believes that public debt is also a kind of tax, but the difference is that "tax is directly given to the present, and public debt is indirectly given to the future", "but we will analyze our obligations today, and some of them are reserved for our descendants Sun Yuner". However, he admits that public debt is of positive significance to economic construction, and that "taxes will be collected as soon as possible, and public debt will be used as much as possible", so he thinks that although public debt increases the burden on future generations, it is also beneficial to future generations.
anecdote
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Liang Qichao was Kang Youwei's student, disciple and assistant, but they parted ways. Liang Qichao and Sun Yat-sen are both cooperative and antagonistic. He supported and opposed Yuan Shikai. In this regard, Liang Qichao said: "This is by no means a dispute of passion, nor a dispute of power and interests, but is determined by my central idea and consistent proposition. What is my central idea? Is patriotism. What is my consistent position? Is to save the country. " "Know me and blame me, and let future generations comment on me, Liang Qichao is such a person".
1925 On the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, Xu Zhimo married Lu Xiaoman and invited Liang Qichao to attend the ceremony. Liang Qichao opposed their love affair and also advised Xu Zhimo. Due to the kindness of Xu Zhimo's father and Hu Shi, Liang Qichao agreed to attend the wedding. However, at the wedding, Liang Qichao sharply rebuked Xu Zhimo and Lu Xiaoman for their lack of feelings and gushed, which made the audience feel uproar. Xu zhimo had to beg: "sir, save some face for the students."
Liang Qichao's Sincerity and Tolerance1On March 8, 926, Liang Qichao was admitted to Union Medical College Hospital for hematuria. Through fluoroscopy, it was found that his right kidney was a little dark and was diagnosed as a tumor. After the operation, although there was a mass the size of a cherry in the right kidney, it was not a malignant tumor. However, Liang Qichao still urinated blood, unable to find the source of the disease, and was diagnosed as "bleeding for no reason". At that time, public opinion was in an uproar, pointing directly at the Union Medical College Hospital, mocking Western medicine for "treating patients as experiments or as specimens". This is a sensational case in which Liang Qichao was cut off by western medicine. Liang Qichao resolutely published the article My Disease and the Union Medical College Hospital in the Morning Post, publicly defending the Union Medical College Hospital, and stated: "I hope that the society will not use my illness as an excuse to give birth to a reactionary paradox, which will be an obstacle to the future progress of China medicine."
Liang Qichao is really interesting. Huang Miaozi wrote a new chapter about the world, including Preface to Liang Qichao, which said: "Mr. Jiang Baili is a famous strategist, but he also made great contributions to culture. After he came back from Germany, he wrote a 50,000-word history of the European Renaissance. Liang Qichao praised it after reading it, so Jiang asked Liang to preface the book. Unexpectedly, Liang Wei's preface is also 50 thousand words. I felt embarrassed, so I added a short sequence and changed the long sequence to the publication of books. Conversely, I asked Jiang Baili to make a preface. "
Chronological life
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1873 On the 26th day of the twelfth year of Tongzhi (February 23rd of Gregorian calendar), one-year-old Gui You was born in Chakeng Village, Xinhui.
When Ding Chou was five years old, he was taught to read four books and five classics by his grandfather and mother in Guangxu for three years in 1877.
Twelve-year-old Shen Jia, who was ten years old in Guangxu in 1884, won the top prize in the Guangzhou Boy's Test.
Sixteen-year-old Wu Zixu, 1888, was born in Xuehaitang, Guangzhou, and lived outside the Academy of Poe, Yuexiu and Yuehua.
1890 In the sixteenth year of Guangxu, Mao Yin, who was eighteen years old, was introduced by Chen and studied under Kang Youwei.
/kloc-Xin Mao, aged 0/9, went to Beijing in the seventeenth year of Guangxu in 189 1 and married Li Huixian.
Twenty-year-old grandfather died in the eighteenth year of Guangxu in 189 1 and returned to his hometown for more than ten years.
Twenty-three years old, 1895 Guangxu twenty-one years, B failed to go to Beijing with Kang Youwei, ranking last. Participate in the organization "Writing on the Bus". Help Kang build a strong society.
Twenty-four years old, 1896 In the twenty-second year of Guangxu, Bing Shen organized The Times, served as editor-in-chief, and published articles such as "General Discussion on Political Reform", which became famous at one fell swoop.
1897, that is, in 23 years, 25-year-old Ding You served as the chief teacher of Hunan Current Affairs School. Participate in the establishment of non-foot-binding clubs and girls' schools.
Twenty-six years old, 1898, Guangxu participated in the "Reform Movement of 1898" in the twenty-fourth year, and Emperor Guangxu gave six titles and ordered a translation publishing house. After the coup in August, he fled to Japan, returned to China with Chen Shaobai, and negotiated cooperation with the Development Committee of China, but Kang Youwei failed. Editor-in-chief of Qingyi Newspaper in Yokohama.
At the age of 27, 1899, in the 25th year of Guangxu, Fenchuang Datong School was established in Tokyo, Japan in July.
At the age of twenty-eight, 1900, in the 26th year of Guangxu, the Boxer Rebellion, with Kang Youwei and Kang Cai Chang, launched the "Qinwang Movement" and lost.
At the age of 30, 1902, in the 28th year of Guangxu, Ren Yin's Qingyi Newspaper stopped publishing, founded Xinmin Cong Newspaper and New Novel Newspaper, and launched the "novel revolution".
1907 In the thirty-three years of Guangxu, 35-year-old Ding did not stop publishing Xinmin Cong Bao and founded a political news agency.
In the first year of the Republic of China 19 12, 40-year-old Renzi returned to China from Japan and wrote Needless to Say.
Forty-one years old, 19 13 years, joined the Republican Party two years later. Xiong Xiling's cabinet was formed. As attorney general.
In 1915, 43-year-old Mao Yi founded Greater China Monthly. Resign as director of the currency board. Go back to your hometown in April. In June, he wrote "Guiding the so-called National Movement", denouncing Yuan Weidi and engaging in anti-Yuan movement in the south.
19 16, 44-year-old Chen Bing launched an anti-Yuan movement in Shanghai. Arrived in Guangxi in March and launched Guangxi to declare independence. He served as a staff officer at the headquarters of Guangdong and Guangxi in Zhaoluo. After the establishment of military hospital, Ren Fujun and political commissar.
19 17 In July, 45-year-old Ding and Duan opposed the restoration together. Duan is the Chief Financial Officer of the Cabinet, and was removed from his post in 1 1 month.
19 19 years. At the age of 47, he has not been to European countries for eight years.
In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), at the age of 50, Ren Xu gave lectures in Beijing, Jinan, Jiangsu and Shanghai.
In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), 53-year-old Zhou Enlai gave a lecture in Tsinghua University and became the director of Shi Jing Library.
57-year-old, 18-year-old 1929, he failed his operation because of kidney disease (actually, it was a medical accident. 1926, Liang Qichao's nephropathy was diagnosed. According to the consultation of Liang Qichao's condition, Concord experts determined that there was a tumor in the right kidney, so they decided to operate on it. On March 16, all the right kidneys were removed. After the tumor was removed, the bloody stool was not stopped. Obviously, the diagnosis of western medicine may be problematic, or at least inaccurate. The treatment of total resection is also too hasty. Experts from Concord University passed the pathological examination, and no pathological changes were found in the resected right kidney. In other words, even if the diagnosis of uremia is correct, the operation will fail, that is, the good kidney is removed and the bad kidney remains. ) died in Peking Union Medical College Hospital on 1 month 19. 1929, a memorial service was held in Beijing and Shanghai with many participants.
domestic
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Liang Qichao had two wives in his life: Li Huixian and Wang Guiquan. 1889 (15th year of Guangxu), Liang Qichao, who was only 17 years old, was admitted to juren and engaged to Li Huixian, the cousin of Li Duanfen, the examiner. 189 1 year (the 17th year of Guangxu), Liang Qichao 19 years old went to Beijing and married Li Huixian, who was four years older than him. When Li Huixian and Liang Qichao got married, they brought two maids, one of whom was Wang Guiquan. 1September 3, 924, Li Huixian died, and Liang Qichao wrote an inscription "Ode to Mrs. Liang". 1968 during the "cultural revolution", Wang Guiquan was separated from his children and died in a dark hut.
Liang Qichao has nine children: Si Shun, Cheng Si, Si Yong, Si Zhong, Si Zhuang, Si Da, Yi Gi, Si Ning and Li Si. Among them, Si Zhuang was born, Si Yong, Si Zhong, Si Da, Si Ning and Li Si were born to Mrs. Wang. Many of them later became outstanding talents.
The eldest daughter of Liang (Ling Xian) (1893- 1966) is an expert in poetry research.
Liang Sicheng (190 1 year-1972), the eldest son, is a famous architect. 1948 was elected as the first academician of academia Sinica (humanities group) in March. His wife is Lin.
The second son, the famous archaeologist Liang Siyong (1904- 1954) and 1948 were elected as the first academicians of academia sinica (humanities group) in March.
The third son, Liang Sizhong (1907- 1932), was an officer in the artillery school of the 19th Route Army of the Kuomintang, and died young due to illness.
The second daughter Liang Sizhuang (1908- 1986) is a famous librarian.
The fourth son Liang Sida (19 12-) has been engaged in economic research for a long time.
Liang Siyi (19 14- 1988), three daughters, engaged in social activities.
Liang Sining (19 16-200 1), four women, defected to the New Fourth Army to participate in the China Revolution.
Liang's fifth son (1924-) is a famous rocket control system expert. 1993 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Former residence of Liang Qichao-No.23 Beigouyan Hutong
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Wang Zhihong
Beigouyan Hutong belongs to Beixinqiao area in Dongcheng District, which is located to the west of Dongzhimen South Street. Hutong connects Daju Hutong and Dongsi 44 from north to south, with a total length of over 300 meters. In the Ming Dynasty, it was called Xuefang Hutong. Qingganlong is called "Guan Xue Hutong" and Xuan Tong is called "Beigouyan", which is named because the Hutong is close to the ditch. 1949 was called "Beigouyan Hutong", which was renamed as "Hongdu Hutong" during the Cultural Revolution and later called "Beigouyan Hutong". At present, the west side of Hutong is connected with Xintaichang Lane 2, and the east side has two branches leading to Xiao Ju Hutong.
No.23, Beigouyan Hutong, with the old house number of 13, is located on the west side of the south section of Hutong, with an area of 3,752 square meters and the street gate facing east. Street gate is a kind of house-style street gate, called "West Gate". There are "shadow walls" inside and outside the street gate, which shows that the owner's identity is unusual. Although from an architectural point of view, the "shadow wall" opposite the gate, also known as the "shadow wall", not only has the function of shielding the messy cornices on the wall opposite the gate, but also serves as a door leading to the scene. However, if you want to build a screen wall on the other side of the alley, or rely on other people's homestead, or occupy the public land of the alley, you can build it if you want! So now Beijing can see houses with "shadow walls" outside the door, either palaces, government offices or official residences. In short, it is a government house, not a civilian house. Chinese characters are ideographic, and "someone in the box" reads "prisoner"; "Line, Tao" is "elegance". Because the screen outside the door is the opposite view of the house door; Then, the road in front of the door naturally has a relationship with the house. The screen wall outside the door clearly warns pedestrians: don't stay in front of this door, let alone make noise. Liang Qichao was the chief justice and chief financial officer of Beiyang government, and the identity of government officials was commensurate with the specifications of this house.
According to the housing survey and registration in 195 1, the main building of the hospital is concentrated in the south half, which is two three-way courtyards juxtaposed with east and west, with residential buildings in the east and flower halls in the west; The northern half occupies about two-fifths of the whole courtyard, which is a garden-like backyard with lush trees and rockery pavilions. There is an east-facing wall door in the backyard, which is the back door of the whole yard. There are 29 houses, pavilions and pavilions 1, with a construction area of 1.535 square meters, including 47 tile houses with hand-reading corridors, 3 open pavilions, 2 1 verandahs, 4 underground pits, 1 air-raid shelters and1pavilions. The specific layout of the courtyard is: on the north side of the house door is a Laliuer East Room, with a total of 1 1, which should be an emergency room (reception room), garage, guard room and handyman room. There is a street ticket door on the back wall of the third East Room from south to north, which is a "garage door".
The specific pattern of this courtyard is as follows: when you enter the house, you are faced with a "shadow wall", and after passing the "hanging flower gate" facing west to east, you enter the East Courtyard; Once in the courtyard, there are 5 south rooms, 5 north rooms, and the north room is the waist hall, that is, the middle room is the passage connecting the front and back yards; The Second Courtyard of the East Courtyard is a tile-roofed house with manuscript gallery, 3 main rooms, 2 wing rooms and 3 east and west wing rooms. There are only seven back rooms in Sanjinyuan, East Hospital. The West Courtyard, which is juxtaposed with the East Courtyard, is a leisure area, which is used to be called the "West Flower Hall" and is also a three-step courtyard. From south to north, the first courtyard consists of rockery and three open pavilions, the second courtyard consists of three open pavilions and three main rooms, and the third courtyard consists of two east-west wings and a flat-topped veranda.
No.23, Beigouyan Hutong, is now a dormitory. At that time, the main building in the courtyard was still in ruins. It is difficult for the hospital to find its former style because of solving the reconstruction and expansion project of staff housing and the houses built by residents.
1986 65438+1October 2 1 day, Dongcheng District People's Government designated No.23 Beigouyan Hutong as "Former Residence of Liang Qichao" and announced it as "Cultural Relics Protection Unit in Dongcheng District".
Note: ① Ximen is the product of the introduction of western architectural culture into China after the mid-Qing Dynasty and the integration with traditional architectural culture in China. It is also widely used in Beijing quadrangles. (2) Diaohuamen, often as the second door in the buildings of big houses and houses, plays a role in connecting and separating the inner rooms from the outer rooms.
References:
Biography of Liang Qichao (Wu Qichang Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House), Selected Works of Theory in the Ten Years before the Revolution of 1911 (edited by Wang Zhangrenzhi Sanlian Bookstore), New Stories on Earth (edited by Huang Miaozi Sanlian Bookstore), Liang's New Style with a Huge Cyclone (written by Jinghua Daily) and Liang Qichao's Defending Western Medicine (written by Yangcheng Evening News).
Liang Qichao memorial hall
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Every young man who yearns for great times and great achievements likes to regard his own time as a turning point. They all like to quote a sentence by Charles Dickens describing France after the Great Revolution-"This is the best time and the worst time". They all like to describe their times with chaos, and they are eager to sort out the context or record this "chaotic era".
From a historical point of view, there are not many young people who really experienced the troubled times and were written into history because of what they did in the troubled times. What is even more touching is that some people will be omitted from this list at some time for some reasons. In my opinion, Liang Qichao is such a person, who has many qualities of great men, but has been ignored by the times to some extent.
The first time I was curious about Liang Qichao, I was reading The History of China in Cambridge in the Late Qing Dynasty and some books that recorded the fate of China intellectuals and China. In China's History of the Late Qing Dynasty, Cambridge, I was surprised to find that Liang Qichao, whom we used to describe only by the word "reformist", appeared more frequently in this history than any emperor or powerful minister.
Liang Qichao lived in a truly chaotic era. In the Biography of Liang Qichao written by Liang Qichao's student Wu Qichang, Liang, who died young, wrote a chapter about China before Liang Qichao was born: this is a country with natural and man-made disasters, domestic troubles and foreign invasion. It seems that everyone wants to be a slave of an old empire. The common people take it as a warning not to talk about state affairs. What the government presents to future generations is corruption and incompetence. Externally, we only hope that compromise will bring short-term peace, while internally, we plan to compete with private entrepreneurs who emerged after the Westernization Movement for wealth.
Our history textbooks never spare pen and ink when describing this humiliating history, which will make any further description redundant. Mr. Wu Qichang speaks highly of his teacher, which I don't think we can see in history textbooks. He compared Liang Qichao's and Sun Yat-sen's contributions to modern China. "He (Liang Qichao) himself acknowledged the contributions of Chen Sheng and Guangwu. The public comments of later generations in the world show that his boldness of vision, spirit and prestige are 10,000 times higher than those of Chen Sheng and Guangwu."
Liang Qichao is a figure who completely conforms to our definition of genius: he learns the Five Classics at the age of six and can write thousands of words at the age of nine. In ancient China, I believe that the difficulty of these two things is not much different from that of children who are proficient in foreign languages at the age of nine today. However, Liang Qichao's feat of being a scholar at the age of 65,438+02 and at the age of 65,438+07 seems to be more difficult than the China Harvard teenagers we marvel at today. Examiners believe that Liang Qichao is "unparalleled in the country" and even broke the shackles of family concept and betrothed his cousin to Liang Qichao as his wife. This is the highest etiquette for China to express appreciation to a person in ancient times.
The Reform Movement of 1898 made Liang Qichao and his teacher Kang Youwei famous all over the world. In the eyes of foreigners at that time, "Liang Qichao was a rare noble man in China and a scholar-bureaucrat who enthusiastically planned the fundamental transformation of the Beijing government". After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, Ito Bowen, who was in China at that time, said to the Japanese ambassador to China, "This young man named Liang is a great man! What an admirable guy … save him and let him escape to Japan! I helped him when I arrived in Japan. Liang, a young man, is the precious soul of China! " Since then, during his exile in Japan, Europe and the United States, this young man was often regarded as the new political and intellectual leader of China. Liang Qichao was 26 years old.
Liang Qichao's political glory did not end with the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898 as recorded in textbooks, nor did he become a figure of the past like his teacher Kang Youwei. When Liang Qichao was in Japan, he had frequent contacts with Sun Yat-sen who was also in exile in Japan. It is said that many overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia and Japanese dignitaries were introduced to Sun Yat-sen by Liang Qichao. It is conceivable that Sun Yat-sen's reputation at that time could not be compared with Liang Qichao's. At this time, the differences between Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei are growing. Despite this, Liang Qichao took into account Kang Youwei and did not give much support to the revolutionaries.
Another glory of Liang Qichao comes from one of his articles. Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, but Liang Qichao was no longer the reformist. His travels in Europe and America and his research on the history of western countries gave him the impression that the emperor would die. So Liang Qichao, who is longer than Xiong Wen, wrote an article "The so-called national sports problem". Yuan Shikai got the news and sent someone to send Liang Qichao a silver ticket of 200,000 yuan to celebrate his father's birthday. In exchange, this article was not published. Liang Qichao returned the silver ticket. Yuan Shikai sent someone to tell Liang Qichao that Mr. Liang had been in exile for more than ten years, and he didn't know the hardships. Why bother again? Liang Qichao replied that I have enough escape experience, and I would rather choose to escape than live in dirty air.
Liang Qichao also played an important role in another anti-imperialist movement, that is, opposing zhang xun restoration. But this time it also means a complete break with the reformists. Zhou Shanpei advised Liang Qichao: "Do things yourself and listen to others. To win yuan, the revolutionary party wants to do it, and we also want to do it; We should only listen to the revolutionary party, not necessarily do it. " Kang Youwei, on the other hand, stood on the side of restoration. Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei broke up from then on. Kang Youwei denounced Liang Qichao for "stealing Liang Qichao" in front of Liang Qichao's students, and called Liang Qichao a monster who ate his father and mother in ancient Chinese.
As for Liang Qichao's position in the China press, some reporters compared him with walter lippmann. Needless to say, Liang's reform of China's style is regarded as one of his greatest contributions. Maybe we can also call it a revolution in expression? Zhou Shanpei felt it was a pity that Liang Qichao's literary spirit was too strong and he was used to writing newspaper articles. As a result, the article only seeks to impress people. "China's sleeping heart was awakened by your pen", but he has no other energy to write a truly master work.
The death of Liang Qichao, who has long been regarded as a conservative by us, is a mockery of our ability to judge historical limitations. Liang Qichao entered Union Medical College Hospital in his later years. The doctor diagnosed that a kidney had festered and had to be removed. Unfortunately, there has been a possible mistake in modern medicine. Surgeons removed Liang Qichao's healthy kidney, leaving a ulcerated kidney. As a result, "public anger and public criticism have made the society dissatisfied with the Union Medical College Hospital and the attending doctors". Liang Qichao wrote an article in his hospital bed to defend the Union Medical College Hospital and doctors for fear that it would affect the development of new medicine in China. Finally, Liang Qichao promised to donate his brain to the hospital after his death.