The last three palaces are the general names of Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace and their related areas, including the square in front of Gan Qing in the south and Kunning Gate in the north, with Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace as the main bodies and located on the central axis. This is the master bedroom of the Emperor and Empress of the Forbidden City.
The last three palaces are located on the central axis of the first three halls and are the central buildings of the palace. Surrounded by the gate, the plane is rectangular, with a length of about 220m from north to south and a width of about 120m from east to west, with an area of 26,000m2 and more than 420 houses.
Expand the data and dry the Qing palace
One of the last three palaces in the Forbidden City. Founded in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420), it was rebuilt in Ming and Qing Dynasties after several burns. The existing building was built in the third year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1798).
Gan Qing Palace is a yellow glazed tile double-eaved couch roof, which is located on a single-layer white marble platform. The corridor is 9 rooms wide and 5 rooms deep, with a building area of 1400㎡. From the desktop to the main ridge, it is more than 20 meters high, and there are 9 ridged beasts at the eaves. Under the eaves, the upper layer is monoclinic, double-warped and seventh-order, and the lower layer is monoclinic, single-warped and fifth-order. The studio in the hall is connected with the east and west, and the front eaves of the studio are lowered with gold pillars. The beam frame structure adopts the form of shrinking columns to expand the indoor space. There is a screen between the two gold pillars on the back eaves, a throne in front of the screen, and a "fair and bright" plaque hanging above the throne.
There are warm pavilions at the east and west ends, a fairy building at the back eaves, and halls at both ends, which can connect Jiaotai Hall and Kunning Palace. This temple is paved with gold bricks. On the spacious platform in front of the temple, there are bronze turtles, bronze cranes, sundials and fine scales on the left and right. There are four gold-plated incense burners in front of the temple, which are connected to Gan Qing Gate by Gaoyou Road.
Gan Qing Gate is the courtyard of Gan Qing Palace, the first courtyard in the post-Migong District, and the main sleeping place for the emperor. On the east and west sides of Gan Qing Palace are Zhao Renhe and Hongde. Around the courtyard of Gan Qing Palace, there are various institutions that manage royal meals, tea, medicines, clothes and stationery. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty also set up a study room for the Prince Class here.
The facade of Gan Qing is 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, and the height is about 16m. It has a single-eaved roof, which is located on a white marble Sumeru Mountain, with a height of 1.5 meters, and is surrounded by carved stone railings. There are three steps in front of the door, with a royal stone in the middle and a pair of bronze gilded lions on both sides. There are three doors in the middle, and the doors are installed on the back eaves, which makes the hall bright. Between the two tips is a blue brick sill wall and a lattice window.
Under the eaves, one step, three steps, and draw a golden dragon seal. On both sides of the door are eight-shaped glass shadow walls, which are 8 meters high and 9.7 meters long. The center and four corners of the wall are decorated with colored glass flowers, which are natural and vivid and colorful. Under the sunshine, the dry and clean door was set off in luxury. There is a high platform and a permanent road connecting the platform at the door of Gan Qing Palace.
To the east of Gan Qing Gate are the inner left gate and Jiuqing duty room, and to the west are the inner right gate and the military department. At the east and west ends of the square in front of the door are Jingyunmen and Longzongmen respectively. Ganqingmen is an important channel for the imperial court to communicate with foreign countries. The Qing dynasty was also a place to handle government affairs. In the Qing Dynasty, ceremonies such as "obeying the government", fasting and seeking treasure were held in Ganqingmen.
Jiaotaidian
Jiaotai Hall is located between Gan Qing Palace and Kunning Palace, which takes the meaning of Gankun Jiaotai Hall in the Book of Changes. This is not only the place where the queen receives gifts and congratulations during the festival, but also the place where 25 seals symbolizing the imperial power of the Qing Dynasty are stored.
Jiaotai Hall is square in plane, 3 rooms deep and 3 rooms wide, with a pyramid roof with one eaves and four corners, a gold-plated copper roof, yellow glazed tiles, double-sided arches, dragons and phoenixes decorated with beams and painted seals. There are four sides, three intersecting six diamonds, four doors on the dragon and phoenix skirt, sill windows on the south side and walls on the other three sides.
At the top of the hall is a pearl-holding algae well with gold bricks on the ground. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a throne with a "inaction" plaque inscribed by Emperor Kangxi. Behind the throne was a board screen with the Jiaotai Hall inscribed by Emperor Qianlong. A copper pot is set in the east to drip water, which will not be used after years of dry growth. Dzmz was set between the Western Dynasties, and the palace time was based on this.
Jiaotai Hall is a place to celebrate Queen's Day. In the Qing Dynasty, 25 precious seals were kept in this temple. In the first month of each year, the Qin dynasty chose an auspicious day to set up a case to open Chen Bao, where the emperor came to burn incense and salute. The iron sign of "Inner Palace does not interfere in political affairs" set by the Qing Sai-zu once stood here. When the emperor got married, the queen's book and the security guard set up a case in the temple. Every spring, the first silkworm is sacrificed, and the Queen looks for mulberry picking equipment here on the first day.
palace of earthly tranquility
Kunning Palace is the queen's master bedroom, but it was restructured according to Manchu customs in Qing Dynasty. Dongnuange was used as the bridal chamber of the emperor's wedding, but the queen no longer lived here on weekdays. Kunning Palace was mainly used as a place for daily shamanism sacrifice. The northernmost part of the Housangong District is the Kunning Gate leading to the Imperial Garden.
Kunning Palace is one of the last three palaces in the palace. It was built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420), in the 9th year of Zheng De (15 14) and in the 24th year of Wanli (1596), and was destroyed by fire twice, and in the 31st year of Wanli (1605). In the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), it was rebuilt again in the twelfth year (1655), imitating the Qingning Palace in Shengjing, Shenyang. In the second year of Jiaqing (1797), a fire broke out in Gan Qing Palace, and in the third year (1798), the front eaves of this temple were burned and rebuilt.
Located in the north and south, Kunning Palace has 9 wide corridors and 3 deep corridors, and the roof of the palace is covered with yellow glazed tiles. The Ming Dynasty was the queen's bedroom. After the reconstruction of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty for twelve years, it became the main place for shamanism to worship gods. Change the original open room into the door of the east room, change the original frame door into a double-panel door, and change the grille windows of other rooms into straight grille windows.
There is a warm pavilion on the east side of the room as a living bedroom, and there are four kangs on the west side of the door as a place to worship the gods. There is a cooker on the back eaves opposite the door for slaughtering and cooking meat. Because it is used by the royal family, the kitchen is equipped with a flower door and a clay-covered stove cover, which is beautifully decorated.
After the reconstruction, Kunning Palace became the main place for shaman sacrifice in Qing Dynasty, and the status of the palace remained unchanged. In the fourth year of Kangxi (1665), Michelle Ye got married, and the Queen Mother appointed the wedding to be held in the Palace of Kunning. The wedding of Emperor Tongzhi and Emperor Guangxu, and the wedding of Puyi were also held in Kunning Palace. After Yongzheng, the emperor moved to hall of mental cultivation, and the queen no longer lived in Kunning Palace, which was actually a place where shamanism offered sacrifices to gods.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia: the last three palaces