Nutritional metabolic factors
The hindlimb paralysis of pigs caused by nutritional and metabolic factors is mostly caused by insufficient feeding or increased demand and unbalanced nutrition in diet. Among them, the lack of vitamins and minerals is the most common. These diseases can usually be differentiated and diagnosed according to the investigation of feeding conditions, the understanding of physiological conditions and production performance, and the clinical characteristics. Such as rickets and hypoglycemia, they only occur in piglets, while postpartum paralysis only occurs in postpartum sows, and myopathy has obvious regional characteristics. The typical symptoms of rickets in piglets are: the end of long bones in piglets is thick, and the joints between ribs and costal cartilage are obviously swollen, forming round nodules. The joints of the limbs are swollen, showing double joints. When standing, the limbs are bent, and the limbs are seriously "X" shaped or "O" shaped.
Hypoglycemia is more common in piglets within one week after birth, mainly in winter and spring. It is characterized by weakness of limbs, unstable gait, inability to lie flat on the ground, convulsions, head leaning back, and an angular bow posture. Postpartum paralysis of sows is characterized by stiff limbs, uneven stride and ataxia, and difficulty in standing. I can't afford to lie on the ground, the pain reflex gradually decreases, and the anal reflex disappears and relaxes.
In addition, the lack of copper in piglets can also lead to hindlimb paralysis, which rarely happens in big pigs. When piglets are short of copper, the ataxia hind legs are bent into a crouching shape, and they are easy to fall when turning sharply, and their hind legs are paralyzed and unable to lie down.
When vitamin A, vitamin B 1 and vitamin K are deficient, it will cause diseases in pigs of all ages. When vitamin A is deficient, the skin is dry and itchy, and dermatitis and rash often appear. In severe cases, it can cause ataxia, gait instability and paralysis of the hindquarters. When vitamin B 1 is deficient, it will not only cause paralysis of the hindquarters, but also mainly show muscle atrophy. When vitamin K is deficient, the subcutaneous hemorrhage site is obviously swollen, limping, anemic and unable to lie down.
Leukemia has obvious regional characteristics, mostly occurring in two-month-old piglets and four to five-month-old fattening pigs. Sick pigs are characterized by rough hair, anorexia, diarrhea, easy to lie down, pale skin, and common forelimbs kneeling or dog sitting posture. This disease is caused by selenium deficiency and vitamin E.